Thanki yamagalimoto: chipangizo

Wogula akasankha galimoto yamagetsi, chinthu choyamba chomwe amasamala ndi kuchuluka kwake, komwe kukuwonetsedwa m'mabuku aukadaulo. Chizindikiro ichi chimadalira mphamvu ya batri ndi luso la chomera chamagalimoto. Nthawi zambiri, galimoto ngati imeneyi amatha kuphimba osachepera makumi makilomita. Kutalika komwe automaker wotsika mtengo amapereka ndi makilomita mazana angapo pamtengo umodzi.

Mwakutero, magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi mafuta amadzimadzi kapena gaseous ali ndi mwayi waukulu. Kutengera mtundu wa injini, kulemera kwa galimotoyo ndi magawo ena, galimotoyo imatha kuyenda mpaka makilomita chikwi. Koma chinthu chimodzi chomwe ndi gawo lamafuta amgalimoto (werengani zamitundu yamagalimoto apa), imakhudza kwambiri gawo ili. Iyi ndi thanki yamafuta.

Tiyeni tiganizire za chinthu chodziwika bwino cha makina omwe akuwoneka ngati osavutawa. Zipangizo zingapangidwe ndi chiyani, ndi chiyani chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto amakono ndikuwonongeka wamba.

Kodi thanki yamafuta yamagalimoto ndi chiyani?

Thanki yamafuta ndi chidebe chopangidwira mtundu wina wamagalimoto. Ndi gawo limodzi la mafuta. Popanda izo, ziribe kanthu momwe magetsi angagwiritsire ntchito, sizingagwire ntchito. M'magalimoto akale, thanki yamafuta inali chabe thanki yokhala ndi voliyumu yapadera.

M'magalimoto amakono, ndi dongosolo lonse, lomwe lingaphatikizepo zinthu zambiri zowonjezera. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi makina otsatsa malonda (werengani zambiri za izi payokha).

Thanki imodzi ndiyokwanira galimoto. Malori nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi akasinja awiri amafuta. Izi zimachitika osati chifukwa cha kususuka kwamphamvu yamagetsi, komanso kufunika kochepetsa kuchezerako malo opangira mafuta, popeza si malo onse amafuta omwe amasinthidwa kuti azitumizira magalimoto akulu.

Kusankhidwa

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, gawolo lakonzedwa kuti lisunge mafuta. Chifukwa cha ichi, galimotoyo imatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Kuphatikiza pa cholinga chachikulu ichi, thanki yamafuta imapereka izi:

1. Imalepheretsa nthunzi za mafuta kulowa m'chilengedwe. Izi zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikwaniritse chilengedwe. Komanso, pafupi ndi galimoto yamakono, ngakhale mutakhala ndi mafuta okwanira, simungamve kununkhira kwa mafuta.
2. Imaletsa kutayikira kwamafuta pamagalimoto.

Thanki lakonzedwa kuti galimoto akhoza kuphimba za makilomita 500. Popeza injini iliyonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito yake, kukula kwa thanki yamafuta kumasinthanso ndi izi. Poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yamafuta, injini ya dizilo imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa kwambiri (chifukwa chake zili choncho, akuti apa), ndiye kuti thanki yake ikhoza kukhala yocheperako.

Mitundu yama tanki amafuta

Mosasamala mtundu wa thanki yamafuta, ntchito yake siyisintha: ikuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta ali otetezeka kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, imasindikizidwa bwino, koma mpweya wake ndiwofunika kwambiri, chifukwa mafuta omwe amatuluka mumadzi amatha kukweza mzere, womwe ungawononge magawo ena amafuta amgalimoto.

Matanki amafuta amasiyana pakati pawo pakupanga, mawonekedwe ndi voliyumu. Tidzakambirana za zida pambuyo pake. Ponena za mawonekedwe, zimatengera kapangidwe kagalimoto. Gawo lakumunsi la gawolo nthawi zambiri limakhala lofanana, ndipo gawo lakumtunda limatsata mizere ya pansi ndi mbali zake.

Monga tafotokozera kale, kuchuluka kwa thankiyo kumadalira mtundu wamagalimoto komanso kususuka kwake. Opanga magalimoto nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuchita bwino pakati pa magwiridwe antchito agalimoto ndi kulemera kwake popanga mitundu yamagalimoto.

Ngati thanki yamafuta mgalimoto ili yayikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti thanki yamafuta ikadzaza, galimotoyo izichita zinthu ngati kuti yanyamula katundu wambiri, yomwe ndi nthawi yomwe thanki yamafuta yadzaza. Izi zimakhudza momwe magalimoto amagwirira ntchito komanso mafuta (galimoto yonyamula imafuna mafuta ochulukirapo kuti injini ipitilize kupereka mphamvu).

Ponseponse, pali mitundu itatu yama akasinja amafuta:

1. Kwa magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Ma citikara nthawi zonse amakhala ndi ma ICE okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. Kawirikawiri, mafuta ndi kulemera kwa magalimoto oterowo amakhala otsika, motero mphamvu yamagetsi sifunikira mafuta ambiri. Nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa thankiyo sikupitirira malita makumi atatu.
2. Kwa magalimoto okwera. Pachifukwa ichi, voliyumu ya thanki imatha kufikira malita 70. Nthawi zina pamakhala mitundu yokhala ndi akasinja a 80-lita, koma makamaka ndi magalimoto omwe ali ndi mota wokhala ndi voliyumu yabwino. Chofunikira pamaziko omwe voliyumu yama tanki amasankhidwa pagalimoto inayake ndikutalika komwe galimotoyo imatha kuphimba popanda kuthira mafuta (chizindikirocho chikuyenera kukhala makilomita 400).
3. Kwa magalimoto. Ichi ndi gulu lina la mayendedwe, kutengera momwe zinthu zilili (mwachitsanzo, mayendedwe amitundumitundu m'mapiri), kumwa mafuta a dizilo kwa magalimoto otere kumatha kukhala kwakukulu kuposa komwe wopanga amapanga. Pachifukwa ichi, mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto imakhala ndi akasinja awiri amafuta. Voliyumu yawo yonse imatha kukhala mpaka malita 500.

Zofunika mafuta thanki

Kuphatikiza pakuwonetsetsa kuti makina oyaka amkati akuyenda mosadodometsedwa chifukwa chosungira mafuta, akasinja amafuta amasiyanasiyana pakupanga. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo ili silimadalira kwenikweni kukhumba kwa woyendetsa galimotoyo komanso chitetezo chakuyendetsa magalimoto.

Zinthu izi zamafuta zimapangidwa kuchokera ku:

• Mapulasitiki. Izi ndizoyenera magalimoto onse a dizilo ndi mafuta. Popeza pulasitiki ndi yopepuka kuposa anzawo achitsulo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani amakono agalimoto. Pakapangidwe ka gawoli, amagwiritsira ntchito chinthu china chapadera chomwe sichitha nawo mafuta ndi mafuta. Komanso, mankhwalawa amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochepa (galimotoyo "idakhala pansi" pansi pamatope), kuti thankiyo isawonongeke ndi zovuta zazing'ono, koma poyerekeza ndi anzawo omwewo achitsulo, sichikhala chokhazikika.
• Zotayidwa. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga akasinja opangira magalimoto, pomwe pali injini yamafuta. Koma magalimoto ena a dizilo amathanso kukhala ndi akasinja amafuta otere. Aluminiyamu si dzimbiri, chifukwa chake safunika kutetezedwa ku chinyezi. Ndiwopepuka kuposa mnzake wazitsulo. Chokhacho chokha ndichokonzanso mtengo wokwera mtengo.
• Khalani. Popeza chitsulo ichi chimakhala cholemera kwambiri komanso champhamvu kwambiri, zosintha zoterezi zimapezeka pamagalimoto. Ngati galimoto ili ndi HBO (za zomwe zili, werengani apa), ndiye kuti thanki yosungira mpweya idzapangidwa ndi chitsulo. Cholinga chake ndikuti mafuta amakina amayenera kukhala m thanki atapanikizika kwambiri.

Zogulitsa zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba, chomwe chimakonzedwa ndi kupondaponda kenako ndikutulutsa mafundo. Chifukwa chocheperako, matanki oterowo amateteza kwambiri ku mafuta amene akutuluka. Popeza aluminiyumu kapena pulasitiki sangathe kupirira kukakamizidwa kotere, sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga akasinja a LPG.

Chipangizo cha thanki yamagalimoto

Monga tawonera, palibe mawonekedwe amodzi a thanki yamafuta. Izi zimangotengera mawonekedwe am'magalimoto, makamaka pansi ndi kapangidwe kake kamene kali kumbuyo kwa axle (pankhani yamagalimoto opepuka) kapena pakati pama axles (pankhani yamagalimoto).

Kawirikawiri, geometry ya magawo awa ndi ovuta kwambiri, popeza gawo lakumwambali liyenera kubwereza ndendende mawonekedwe am'magawo oyandikira. Poterepa, thankiyo iyenera kukhazikika kuti isakhale gawo lotsika kwambiri mgalimoto, zomwe siziphatikizira kuwonongeka kwa chinthucho zikagwera pansi. Njira yosavuta yopangira ndi gawo la pulasitiki, ndichifukwa chake zosintha zotere zimapezeka mgalimoto zamakono.

Chipangizo cha thanki yamafuta chimaphatikizapo zinthu izi:

• Pongodzaza khosi;
• Mzere wamafuta;
• Mpweya wabwino;
• Chotsukira madzi;
• Mafuta oyendetsa zinthu;
• Zipangizo zoyandikira zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti mafuta azigwira bwino ntchito.

Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, pakhoza kukhala pampu wamafuta (makamaka wamagalimoto obaya), kuyandama ndi sensa yamafuta mkati mwa thankiyo yamafuta. Ngakhale mpope wamafuta suli m'chigawo cha thanki yamafuta, kapangidwe kazinthu zambiri kumatanthauza kukhazikitsa makinawa mkati mwake. Ngati makina ali ndi adsorber (pazinthu zamakono kukhalapo kwadongosolo ndilololedwa), ndiye kuti dongosololi limalumikizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino wamatangi. Thankiyo imakhalanso ndi valavu yapadera yomwe imayang'anira kuthamanga kuti izikhala pamlengalenga.

Ntchito mafuta mpope kumabweretsa chakuti mafuta mu thanki mlingo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndi vakuyumu aumbike. Ngati thankiyo ikanatsekedwa mwaluso, zingalowe m'malo mwake zimakulitsa katunduyo pampope wamafuta, ndipo imalephera msanga. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga mu thanki kumachitika chifukwa chakuti valavu imadutsa mpweya wam'mlengalenga mu thankiyo galimoto ikayamba.

Koma pamene magetsi sakugwira ntchito ndipo galimotoyo imangochita ulesi kwanthawi yayitali, njira yamafuta yamafuta imachitika. Izi zimakulitsa kupanikizika mu thanki. Kuti likhalebe mumlengalenga, pali valavu yapadera. Tidzakambirana pang'ono za kachitidwe kamtsogolo.

Kupezeka kwa magawo ena kumadalira mtundu wa galimoto. Tiyeni tione zina mwa zinthu thanki mpweya.

Unsembe malo ndi kutchinjiriza

Thanki mafuta ndi mosungiramo, amene magalimoto zonyamula nthawi zambiri anaika pansi pa malo chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo. Kukonzekera kumeneku kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwake chifukwa cha zovuta pamene galimoto igonjetsa magawo ovuta amisewu ndi mabowo ndi ziphuphu (izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamtunda), chifukwa kutsogolo kwa galimoto kumakhala kodzaza kale chifukwa cha injini. Poterepa, chidebechi sichimayikidwa pafupi ndi thunthu, kuti ikagunda kumbuyo kwa galimoto, kusunthika kwa dziwe kapena kuwonongeka kwake sikuyambitsa kuphulika chifukwa changozi.

Kuti ateteze chinthucho mthupi, wopanga makinawo amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazitali, zomwe amasungira pansi pake pagalimoto. Nthawi zambiri, chitoliro chotulutsa chimadutsa pafupi ndi thanki yamafuta (za mtundu wamagalimoto omwe ali nawo, amafotokozedwa kubwereza kwina). Pofuna kuti mafuta asatenthemo, chitolirocho chimakhala ndi zotenthetsera.

Khosi lodzaza limafikira mbali imodzi ya makina. Pachifukwachi, thupi lagalimoto limakhala ndi kutsegulira kofananira ndi kaphokoso kakang'ono. M'magalimoto amakono, chitseko chodzaza chitha kukhala ndi loko yomwe ingatsegulidwe kuchokera pagalimoto kapena ndi kiyi wina.

Kumbali imodzi, mzere wamafuta umalumikizidwa ndi thankiyo. Kudzera mu mzerewu, mafuta amaperekedwa kwa oyendetsa, omwe amaphatikiza mafuta (kapena mafuta a dizilo) ndi mpweya ndikuwapereka kuzitsulo zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Mitundu ina yamagalimoto imakhala ndi chitetezo chama tanki. Kwenikweni ndi mbale yachitsulo. Woyang'anira thanki yachitsulo sakufunika pagalimoto wamba. Kwenikweni, chitetezo choterocho chimayikidwa pagalimoto zomwe zimapangidwa kuti ziziyenda m'malo ovuta ndi malo ovuta.

Kwa magalimoto, thanki yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala kumbuyo kwa chitsulo chakutsogolo, koma osati pansi, ndipo imayikidwa pambali pa chimango. Cholinga chake ndikuti nthawi zambiri magalimoto otere, akagwera pachiwopsezo, amalandila makamaka kutsogolo osati kuwonongeka kwapambuyo. Sikuletsedwa kusintha malo amtundu wamagalimoto pakagwiritsidwe.

Khosi lodzaza

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chinthuchi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza galimotoyo ndi mafuta. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, bowo ili lidzakhazikika kumbuyo chotetezera kumanzere kapena kumanja kwa thupi. Zowona, izi zimagwiranso ntchito pagalimoto zonyamula. Ma minivans ena ali ndi khosi lodzaza pafupi ndi fender yakutsogolo.

Ma automaker nthawi zambiri amaika thankiyo kuti khosi lodzaza likhale mbali ya driver. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, pali mwayi wocheperako kuti mfuti yodzaza ikhala m'galimoto mutapaka mafuta, ndipo woyendetsa galimoto wosayiwala angaiwale kuyiyikanso pagawo lodzaza.

Mapangidwe a chinthuchi amathanso kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto. Chifukwa chake, m'matangi ena amafuta ndi gawo la kapangidwe kake, koma palinso zosintha zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi thanki yayikulu pogwiritsa ntchito payipi yodzaza. Liwiro lodzaza limatengera gawo la chinthuchi.

Matanki ambiri amakono amakhala ndi zida zapadera zoteteza zomwe zimalepheretsa zinthu zakunja kulowa mu thankiyo. Komanso, zida zaposachedwa pamatangi amafuta zimaphatikizapo njira yomwe imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mafuta galimoto ikamadutsa (mafuta ndi chinthu choyaka moto, chifukwa chake, magalimoto othamanga pamafuta amtunduwu ali ndi makinawa).

Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, khosi limapindika ndi cholembera, chomwe chimatha kukhala ndi makina otsekera (amatsegula ndi code kapena kiyi wosiyana). M'magalimoto akale, chinthu ichi chimangokhala cholumikizira. Kuti mutetezedwe kwambiri, khosi lodzaza limatsekedwa ndikung'amba pang'ono (kuwonjezera kugwira ntchito yokongoletsa), yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa mwina ndi kiyi kapena chogwirira kuchokera m'chipinda cha okwera.

Mizere yamafuta

Chingwe cha mafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti mafuta akuyenda momasuka kuchokera mu thankiyo kupita mu injini. Pamalo olumikizirana ndi thanki, mzerewu umaimiridwa ndi ma payipi osinthika. Ngakhale zimakhala zowonongeka kuposa anzawo achitsulo, zinthu zosinthika ndizosavuta kuyika ndikusamalira. Pakatikati pa thanki yamafuta kupita pampope wamafuta othamanga (kuti mumve zambiri za kapangidwe kake ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, werengani payokha) pamzerewu, mafuta amaperekedwa mopanikizika, chifukwa chake, ma payipi wamba amafuta otetezedwa ndi zomata ndi okwanira.

Ngati galimoto imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wa batri (mwachitsanzo, CommonRail, omwe amafotokozedwa apa), pambuyo pake pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri payipiyo ndiyokhwima, popeza gawo ili mafuta amakhala opanikizika kwambiri. Kuti kupsyinjika kochulukira sikuwonongeke mgalimoto, njanji imakhala ndi chowongolera chowongolera (momwe chimagwirira ntchito, werengani m'nkhani ina). Valavuyi imalumikizidwa ndi thanki yamafuta ndi payipi yosinthasintha. Gawo ili la mafuta limatchedwa mzere wobwerera. Mwa njira, ma carburetor ena atha kukhala ndi chida chofananira.

Kuti mufike kulumikizana kwa mafuta ndi thanki yamafuta, mumagalimoto ambiri muyenera kukweza sofa yakumbuyo (mpando wake). Pali thanki yotsegulira pansi pa thankiyo, momwe amayikamo dongosolo lokhala ndi pampu yamafuta, fyuluta yolimba ndi kuyandama komwe kumakhala kanyumba kakang'ono.

Chojambulira pakuwongolera mafuta mu thanki

Izi ndi gawo la kapangidwe kamene kamagwiritsidwira ntchito pampu yamafuta (imagwiranso ntchito ku injini zamafuta). Mu injini dizilo, zimatengedwa ndi sensa ali ndi mamangidwe payekha, ndipo zimapezeka mosiyana mpope mafuta. Chojambulira cha mafuta chimapangidwa mosavuta. Amakhala ndi potentiometer (mini analog ya rheostat) ndi kuyandama.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizochi ndi iyi. Kuyandama kumakhazikika pa ndodo ya potentiometer. Chifukwa cha mphako yomwe ili ndi mpweya, chinthuchi nthawi zonse chimakhala pamwamba pa mafuta. Kumbali ina ya ndodo yachitsulo, kulumikizana kwa zinthu zamagetsi kumapezeka. Pang`onopang`ono, mlingo mu thanki amachepetsa, chifukwa chimene ojambula kachipangizo akuyandikira.

Kutengera kutalika kwa mtunda, pamphindi inayake amatseka, ndikuwala kotsika mu thanki yamafuta kumayatsa padashboard. Nthawi zambiri gawo ili limakhala pafupifupi malita 5, koma zimangodalira mtundu wamagalimoto (mumagalimoto ena, mulingo sungagwere kwambiri - mpaka 7-8 malita, ndikuwala kumabwera).

Simuyenera kuyendetsa nthawi zonse ndi mafuta otsika, makamaka ngati pampu yamagesi yayikidwa mu thanki yamafuta. Cholinga chake ndikuti chowotcha chachikulu chimatenthetsa pantchito, ndipo chifukwa chatsekedwa, chinthu chokha chomwe chimaziziritsa ndimafuta. Ngati mulingo wa thanki nthawi zonse umakhala wochepa (pamalita asanu ndi awiri, magalimoto ena amatha kuyenda mtunda woyenera - pafupifupi 100 km.), Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti pampu ipse.

Kuti dalaivala azindikire pasadakhale kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu thankiyo, rheostat imalumikizidwa ndi muvi wamafuta pa dashboard. Mafuta akatsika, olumikizana ndi chipangizocho amasuntha, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, muvi womwe udalipo umasochera molowera kumapeto kwa kuwerenga.

Dongosolo mafuta mpweya wabwino

Monga tanenera kale, kupanikizika kwa thanki yamafuta kumasintha nthawi zonse. Ndipo izi sizidalira kuti injini ikuyenda kapena galimoto ikungoima. Pamene injini ikuyenda, mulingo wamadontho umatsikira, zomwe zimapanga zingalowe mkati mwake. Chidebecho chikadatsekedwa mwamphamvu, pakapita kanthawi mpopewo udzalemedwa kwambiri ndipo umalephera.

Kumbali inayi, ndikakhala ndi galimoto yayitali, nthunzi za mafuta zimakulitsa kupsinjika kwa thankiyo, komwe pambuyo pake kumadzetsa kukhumudwa. Poterepa, kuwonongeka sikunganenedweratu mwanjira iliyonse, chifukwa thankiyo iphulika pamalo ake ofooka, ndipo sikuti idzakhala msoko. Izi zimachitika makamaka m'malo otentha nthawi yotentha. Chifukwa cha kutentha kozungulira kwambiri, mafuta mu tanki amatentha ndikusandulika kwambiri kuposa nthawi yachisanu.

Pofuna kupewa zinthu ziwirizi, akasinja amafuta ali ndi makina othandizira mpweya. M'magalimoto amakono, dongosololi limagwira ntchito limodzi ndi adsorber, yomwe imagwira tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mafuta ndikuwasunga mu thankiyo, koma thankiyo imapitilizabe "kupuma".

Valavu yamagetsi imayikidwa kuti iwonjezere kukakamiza mu thankiyo. Amatseguka pakapangidwe kazitsulo m'malo mwake. Chifukwa cha ichi, mpweya wammlengalenga umalowa mkati, womwe umathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mpope wamafuta.

Kumbali ina, galimoto ikapakidwa mafuta, mafuta amayamba kusandulika. Pofuna kuti tanki isaphulike, ili ndi payipi yapayokha yomwe imapereka mpweya wabwino. Valavu yokoka imayikidwa kumapeto kwa chubu cholowera. Zimalepheretsa mafuta kutayikira galimoto ikamadutsa.

M'magalimoto amakono, thanki yamagalimoto iyi imatha kukhala ndi zida zowonjezera, mothandizidwa ndi kuwongolera kwachangu komanso kutentha kwa malo amkati.

Zovuta ndi zopindika

Kapangidwe ka thanki yamafuta yokha ndi yolimba ndipo kuwonongeka kwa malonda sikofala. Ngakhale zili choncho, oyendetsa galimoto ena amayenera kuthana ndi kusintha mafuta asanakwane kapena kukonza thanki yamafuta. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa akasinja amafuta ndi awa:

• Kuvala kwachilengedwe kwamakoma akasinja chifukwa champhamvu zamafuta. Nthawi zambiri izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zachitsulo.
• Bowo pakhoma la malonda. Zimachitika mukamayendetsa mosasamala m'misewu yovuta. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mukamayenda pamtunda wamphepo ndi miyala yambiri yakuthwa yomwe imatuluka pansi.
• Kutuluka. Kuwonongeka kotereku kumachitikanso pansi pomwe pansi. Koma nthawi zina izi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wabwino (mawonekedwe opumira mu thanki, koma mpope ukupitilizabe kuthana ndi ntchito yake).
• Dzimbiri. M'malo owonongeka, makoma a chotengera amakhala ochepa. Pakadali pano pomwe dera lowonongeka silingathe kuthana ndi mpweya kapena mpweya, fistula imapangidwa ndipo mafuta amayamba kusefukira. Nthawi zina, dzimbiri limawononga pamwamba pazogulitsazo, zomwe sizovuta kuzipeza. Koma pakawonongeka chotere, padzakhala kununkhiza kwa mafuta pafupi ndi galimotoyo.
• Depressurization chidebe pamalo a soldering. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha vuto la fakitare - mwina msoko wopanda welded, kapena silinasamalidwe bwino ndi anti-corrosion agent (imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zachitsulo).
• Kutha kwa ulusi. Pakhosi lodzaza, izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zolakwika za fakitare, koma kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri, ulusiwo umaduka pamalo okhazikitsira sensa yamafuta ndi pampu yamafuta. Gawo ili lagalimoto silimathandizidwa kawirikawiri, ndichifukwa chake dzimbiri limakwera kuyambira ukalamba. Mmisiri akafuna kuwamasula kuti asinthe chinthu cholephera, nthawi zambiri zoyesayesa zazikulu zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa sitadi kapena ulusi wa nati.
• Kuvala kwachilengedwe kwa zisindikizo. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu izi zimayikidwa pamalo opangira mawonekedwe ampweya wamafuta ndi sensa wam'mwamba. Popita nthawi, zinthu za mphira zimatayika. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe chidindo cha labala mukamapereka mpope wamafuta.

Ngati chimodzi mwazomwe zawonongeka zapezeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe thanki yamafuta ndi yatsopano. Koma nthawi zambiri malonda amatha kukonzedwa.

Kukonzanso kwa thanki yamafuta

Thanki mpweya akhoza kukonzedwa ngati si kwambiri kuonongeka. Nthawi zambiri, mapindikidwewo samachotsedwa, chifukwa, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, zimangokhudza kuchuluka kwa chotengera. Koma vutoli limatha kuthetsedwa ndikukoka. Nthawi zina, makomawo sangakhoteke osadulidwa. Pambuyo pokonza zoterezi, soldering kapena kuwotcherera kumafunika.

Simuyenera kuyesayesa kuchita ntchitoyi nokha, makamaka pama tanki amafuta. Mpweya wa mafuta ndi wovuta kuchotsa mchidebecho. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti pakatha kutsuka ndi kuyanika kangapo, thankiyo imaphulikabe ndi kutentha kwakukulu (izi zimachitika pakuwotchera kwa makoma). Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kusiya ntchito yokonzanso kwa katswiri wodziwa zovuta za momwe angapangire chinthu chomwe chingakonzedwe. Mwachidule, palibe chifukwa choti kuwotcherera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi thanki yopanda kanthu. Kawirikawiri imatsukidwa bwino ndikudzazidwa ndi madzi. Mukamaliza ntchitoyo, madzi amatuluka, ndipo thankiyo imatha kuuma bwino.

Kukonzekera kwa mabowo nthawi zambiri kumathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chigamba. Oyendetsa magalimoto ena amagwiritsa ntchito zomata monga zinthu ziwiri "ma welds ozizira", koma izi zili kale mu umphawi wadzaoneni. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi ngati dzenje lapanga mumsewu, ndipo malo oyandikira omwe ali pafupi akadali kutali.

Momwe mungasankhire thanki yamafuta

Kupeza thanki yamafuta yatsopano nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta. Popeza mankhwalawa amasinthidwa mogwirizana ndi magawo a galimoto, ndiye kuti kusaka kuyenera kuchitidwa, kuyambira pachitsanzo chonyamula. Pachifukwa ichi ndi pomwe mungasankhe m'malo ofanana. Ngati pulogalamu yamagawo yopuma imadziwika (yosonyezedwa pa thanki palokha), ndiye njira yabwino yosakira. Pakalibe izi, nambala ya VIN imathandizira (za komwe ili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza galimotoyo, werengani apa).

Ngati kusaka kukuchitika ndi wogulitsa ziwalo zamagalimoto, ndikokwanira kuti atchule mtundu wamagalimoto ndi chaka chopanga. Pofunafuna gawo m'sitolo yapaintaneti, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito nambala ya vinyo komanso zambiri zokhudzagalimoto. Poterepa, pali mwayi wochepa wogula chinthu cholakwika.

Ndi bwino kugula thanki yoyambirira yamafuta. Koma makampani ena amagulitsa ma analogs abwino. Mwa makampani oterewa pali kampani yaku Denmark yaku Klokkerholm ndi China brand Sailing. Pomwe wopanga waku China adadziwika kuti ali ndi mbiri yazabwino zomwe amagulitsa, sizili choncho chifukwa akasinja awo amafuta. Simuyenera kugula chinthu chotchipa - simudzatha kusunga ndalama, chifukwa patadutsa zaka zingapo chinthu chotsika kwambiri chidzawonongeka, ndipo chidzafunika kusinthidwa.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale chida chosavuta komanso cholinga, thanki yamafuta imagwira gawo lofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwagalimoto. Monga zinthu zina zamafuta, popanda iwo, galimoto siyitha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.

Pomaliza, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwonere kanema yaifupi momwe mungachotsere dothi mu thanki yamafuta:

Kodi ndingatsuke bwanji thanki yamafuta yakuda kwambiri?

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mu thanki yamafuta muli chiyani? Kutengera mtundu wagalimoto, thanki yamafuta imaphatikizapo: chowotcha mafuta a dizilo, pampu yamafuta, sensor yamafuta amafuta, makina a adsorber (amasonkhanitsa ndi kuyeretsa mpweya wamafuta).

Kodi thanki yamafuta agalimoto imagwira ntchito bwanji? Tanki yamafuta imakhala ndi: khosi lodzaza, chidebe chokha (thanki), chubu chotengera mafuta, dzenje lokhala ndi pulagi, sensor yamafuta, ndi chubu cholowera mpweya.

Kodi thanki yamafuta ili kuti? Maonekedwe a thanki yamafuta amadalira mapangidwe a galimoto - malo othandiza kwambiri amasankhidwa. Kwenikweni, ili kutsogolo kwa mtengo wakumbuyo pansi pamunsi.