madzi m'galimoto. Ndi madzi ati omwe amayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse mgalimoto?
Zamkatimu
Zamadzimadzi zomwe timadzaza m'galimoto
Pamatchulidwe a mafuta oyendetsa galimoto, mwina adakumbukira mafuta. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa ndi zofunika kwambiri ndi zofunika ntchito injini. Izi sizokhudza ntchito yolondola, koma zambiri za kuthekera kogwira ntchito. Popanda malowa, injiniyo ingawonongeke mosasinthika atangoyamba kumene. Mulingo wamafuta umayang'aniridwa pa dipstick, kumapeto kwake komwe kuli mu block ya silinda. Kwenikweni, m'galimoto muli mitundu itatu yamadzimadzi awa:
- mchere;
- semisynthetics;
- zopangidwa.
Maonekedwe a mafuta a injini
Yoyamba mwa izi idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mainjini opangidwa m'zaka zapitazi. Madzi a m'galimoto amayenera kugwirizana ndi kulimba kwa unit, ndipo mafuta amchere ndi ochuluka kwambiri komanso abwino kupanga filimu yamafuta muzojambula zakale. Zimathandizanso m'magalimoto atsopano omwe mayunitsi awo akuyamba kudya mafuta ambiri.
Zopangira zatsopano zimagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a semisynthetic. Zimachokera ku chilengedwe cha mchere ndipo zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera. Mitundu yamadzi yamagalimoto iyi ndi m'malo mwa mafuta opangira chifukwa chamafuta ochulukirapo komanso mtengo wotsika.
Mitundu yomaliza yamadzimadzi m'galimoto yamtunduwu ndi mafuta opangira. Amatha kugwira ntchito pamatenthedwe apamwamba a injini pomwe amapereka mafuta okwanira. Chifukwa chakukula kosalekeza, zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pano siziunjikana mu injini ngati mwaye monga momwe mafuta ena amachitira. Madzi a m’galimoto amene amapaka mafuta m’galimoto ayenera kusinthidwa pa makilomita 15 aliwonse kapena kamodzi pachaka. Kusintha kwamafuta kumachitika mwa kukhetsa kudzera pabowo lapadera la poto yamafuta ndikudzaza mafuta atsopano kudzera pa pulagi yomwe ili pafupi ndi chivundikiro cha valve. Ili ndi dzina la chitini chamafuta chokhala ndi dontho lamadzimadzi.
Zozizira m'galimoto
Gulu linanso lofunika kwambiri lamadzimadzi lomwe timadzaza mgalimoto ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi. N’zoona kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’magalimoto oziziritsidwa ndi madzi, koma chiwerengero chawo n’chochuluka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magalimoto oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya. Magalimoto amadzimadzi amtundu uwu amadzaza dera, zomwe zimalola osati kusunga kutentha kwa unit, komanso kutentha mkati mwa galimoto chifukwa cha mpweya. M'galimoto, choziziritsa kukhosi chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwake kutengera mlingo wowonekera mu thanki yowonjezera. Nthawi zambiri amasonyeza osachepera ndi pazipita madzimadzi milingo.
Mawonekedwe amadzi m'galimoto
Matchulidwe a zoziziritsa kukhosi mgalimoto zitha kusiyanasiyana kutengera wopanga. Nthawi zambiri, chipewa chodzaza chimakhala ndi chizindikiro cha thermometer ndi chithunzi chamadzi omwe akutuluka nthunzi, makona atatu okhala ndi thermometer mkati, kapena muvi wokhala ndi mizere yosonyeza madzi otentha pansi. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti kutsika kwambiri koziziritsa kungayambitse kutenthedwa kwa gawo lagalimoto. Ngati muwona kutayika kwa madziwa, zikhoza kusonyeza kutuluka kwa payipi, rediyeta, kapena gasket yowonongeka ya silinda.
Brake madzimadzi
Madzi amtunduwu m'galimoto amadzaza ma brake system ndipo amakhala ndi udindo woukakamiza kuti ayendetse ma pistoni a caliper. Kawirikawiri mlingo woyenera ndi pafupifupi 1 lita, malingana ndi galimoto. Nthawi zambiri, madzimadzi amagalimoto omwewo amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a clutch pedal, kotero kutayikira kwa hydraulic system kungayambitse kusuntha kovuta. Mkhalidwe wa brake fluid m'galimoto umayesedwa pamlingo wa thanki yowonjezera. Mtundu wake nthawi zambiri umakhala wosakaniza wa bulauni ndi wachikasu. Ikasanduka imvi, ndi nthawi yosintha.
Mafuta a gearbox
Malinga ndi chitsanzo cha galimoto, pangafunike kusintha madzimadzi nthawi zonse m'galimoto ndi mafuta odzola panthawi ya 40-60 km. makilomita. Malingaliro opanga amatha kusiyanasiyana makamaka chifukwa cha mtundu wa gearbox. Makina odzipangira okha amafunikira kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kwamtunduwu wamadzimadzi apagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera. Pamatumizidwe amanja, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kuwonjezera mafuta, popanda kufunikira kusintha. Kutayika kwamadzimadzi kumabweretsa kufalikira kwa kupanikizana ndipo, chifukwa chake, ku chiwonongeko chake.
Monga mukuonera, pali zamadzimadzi zambiri zomwe timadzaza m'galimoto. Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, izi ndi izi: madzi ochapira mawotchi apatsogolo ndi magetsi. Mkhalidwe wawo uyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndikusungidwa pamlingo wawo. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kukulitsa moyo wagalimoto popanda kukumana ndi zovuta zazikulu. Kutulutsa madzi amgalimoto omwe akufotokozedwa nthawi zambiri kumatanthawuza chiyambi cha zovuta ndi galimoto.
