Nambala ya octane ya injini ndi magawo a magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kodi nambala ya octane ya petulo ndi chiyani?

Nambala ya octane ndi chiyani?

Nambala ya Octane ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimatsimikizira kukana kwa mafuta operekedwa kuti awonongeke. Mu injini iliyonse yoyatsira moto, kusakaniza kwa mpweya/mafuta kumayaka nthawi yoyenera. Mayunitsiwa amapangidwa m'njira yoti kuyaka sikuchitika ndi kutengapo gawo kwa kukakamizidwa komwe kudapangidwa kokha pogwiritsa ntchito spark. Choncho, injini za petulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chiŵerengero chochepa cha kuponderezana kusiyana ndi injini zoyatsira moto (zimawotcha mopanikizika).

Ngati nambala ya octane ndiyotsika kwambiri, kuyaka kosalamulirika mu silinda kumatha kuchitika pakuyaka. Kupezeka kwawo ndi komweko m'chilengedwe ndipo kumachitika musanayambe kuyaka kwenikweni kwa osakaniza amafuta-mpweya. Izi sizongosokoneza dalaivala, yemwe angamve kugogoda pamene injini ikuyenda. Chochitika cha nthawi yayitali cha kuphulika kosalamulirika kumathandizira kuwononga gawo lamagetsi lagalimoto.

Kodi nambala ya octane ya petulo ndi chiyani? Kodi kuwerenga zikuchokera mafuta?

Pamalo opangira mafuta, mupeza mafuta omwe ali ndi octane 95 kapena 98. Mafuta amtundu womalizawo amalimbana ndi kuyaka kwa detonation (kugogoda kuyaka). Komabe, kodi njira yoyezera mafuta oletsa kugogoda imachitika bwanji? Miyezo yapadera ndi injini zoyesera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Zinthu zoyamba poyamba.

Mtengo umene umafunika kudziwa octane kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kuyerekeza kuyaka mphamvu yake ndi zigawo ziwiri mafuta - n-heptane ndi isooctane. Woyamba wa iwo amawotcha kwambiri ndipo amalandira mtengo wokhazikika "0". Isooctane, m'malo mwake, ili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri za aliphatic hydrocarbons mumafuta. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wake udatchulidwa kuti "100".

Kenako, mufunika injini yoyesera. Zimagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza koyenera kwa isooctane ndi n-heptane. Ngati mafuta osakaniza okonzedwa kuti ayesedwe, okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa octane osadziwika bwino, amapereka mawonekedwe omwewo a injini yogwiritsira ntchito monga kuphatikiza kwa zinthu ziwiri pamwambapa, pamafunika nambala ya octane pamlingo waperesenti ya isooctane.

Mwachitsanzo: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesazo zinali 80% isooctane ndi 20% n-heptane. Injiniyo inali kuyenda pamafuta osakaniza omwe ali ndi mtengo wosadziwika bwino ndipo adalandira zofananira ndizomwe zili pamwambazi. kusakaniza kwa ma hydrocarbon awiri. Kodi mapeto ake ndi otani? Octane kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi 80.

Mafuta a octane - RON ndi MON

Pakadali pano, njira zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa manambala a octane pamafuta enaake. Izi:

• RON (Kafukufuku Nambala ya Acetate);
• LANGA (Octane injini);
• DON/WHO (nambala ya octane / Antigogoda index).

RON ndondomeko

Njira yoyesera ya RON imagwiritsa ntchito injini ya silinda imodzi yomwe imayenda mosalekeza pa 600 rpm. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, chiŵerengero chake choponderezedwa chimawonjezeka nthawi zonse kuti mudziwe mlingo wa octane wa mafuta. Muyezo wamtundu uwu ndi wabwino kwambiri pozindikira momwe makina ogwirira ntchito amakhala ochepa kwambiri. 

Ndondomeko ya PN

Zinthu ndi zosiyana ndi njira ya MON. Chigawo cha silinda imodzi chokhala ndi chiŵerengero cha kuponderezedwa kosiyana chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Komabe, imayenda pa 900 rpm. Choncho, zimasonyeza bwino zomwe zimachitika panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho pansi pa katundu wolemetsa. 

Njira DON/OPP

Pamiyezo ya DON/AKI, miyeso ya RON+MON/2 imaganiziridwa. Umu ndi momwe nambala ya octane imatsimikiziridwa ku USA, Canada ndi mayiko ena.

Chifukwa chiyani mafuta ndi ma octane osiyanasiyana?

Choyamba, momwe magwiridwe antchito a mayunitsi amagalimoto amasiyana amasiyana. Anamasulidwa pafupifupi zaka 30 zapitazo, chitsanzo Audi 80 ndi 2.0 HP 90 injini. anali ndi compression ratio 9.0:1. Malinga ndi miyezo yamasiku ano, zotsatirazi sizodabwitsa, kotero kuti ntchito yolondola ya unit iyi igwiritsidwe ntchito, petulo yokhala ndi chiwerengero cha octane ya 95. Komabe, teknolojiyi ikuyang'ana pa chilengedwe, chuma ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Mazda adayambitsa injini yamafuta ya 14:1 yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kutsika kwamafuta.

Ndipo ngati mutadzaza galimoto yokhala ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba choponderezedwa ndi mafuta otsika a octane?

Pali mwayi woti injiniyo isagwire bwino ntchito ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangidwa ndi wopanga. Ikhoza kukhala ndi maulendo afupipafupi komanso phokoso losokoneza. M'magalimoto omwe amatha kusintha nthawi yoyatsira mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa, palibe chomwe chidzasinthe chikhalidwe cha injini, koma chidzakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. 

Nanga bwanji ngati injini yoponderezedwa yotsika ipeza mafuta a octane 98? 

Mwakuchita, izi zitha kutanthauza ... palibe konse. Ngati unit si ndinazolowera ntchito pa mkulu-octane mafuta (palibe njira paokha kusintha ngodya pasadakhale), galimoto akhoza ngakhale kuwonongeka.

Pamene chiwerengero cha octane cha mafuta chikuwonjezeka, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, magalimoto okhala ndi LPG ayenera kulandira mlingo waukulu wa mafuta awa kuti akwaniritse ntchito zofanana, monga momwe zilili ndi mafuta (LPG ili ndi "LO" yoposa 100). 

Chifukwa chake, nkhani ngati "zinatsanuliridwa 98 ndipo ndidagwira mwamphamvu chiwongolero!" mutha kuyika bwino pakati pa nthano.

Mawu ochepa okhudza kuyaka kwa detonation

Mukudziwa kale kuti octane yamafuta olakwika pa injini inayake imatha kuyambitsa kuyaka. Koma kodi zikuwopseza chiyani kwenikweni? Choyamba, kusalamuliridwa komanso mphindi yoyambilira ya kuphulika kwamafuta kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito omwe amapezedwa ndi unit. Magalimoto omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano ali ndi masensa kuti atetezedwe ku injini zotere. M'malo mwake, amathandizira kuwonjezera nthawi yoyatsira moto kuti achedwetse.

Kuyendetsa kwa nthawi yayitali pamafuta olakwika kumatha kuwononga sensa yomwe ili pamwambapa. Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa chipangizochi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ma valve ndi mipando ya valve, komanso ma pistoni ndi dongosolo lonse la crank. mphamvuInjini zomwe sizigwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe amakwaniritsa malingaliro a wopanga zimatha kulephera kwathunthu, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa mabowo a korona wa pisitoni.

Kodi mafuta ambiri a octane amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti?

Mafuta okwera kwambiri a octane ndiwothandiza pa mpikisano wamagalimoto ndi mipikisano ina yamagalimoto pomwe magalimoto oyendetsa mlengalenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, mtengo wa injini zamtundu uwu suli mu mafuta, koma muzosintha zomwe zimachitika mwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri onjezerani chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana, kuchepetsa nthawi yoyatsira, kuwonjezera jekeseni wa turbocharging ndi nitrous oxide. Muzojambula zotere, chiwerengero cha octane cha petulo ndi chofunikira chifukwa chotetezedwa ku kuyaka koopsa, komwe kumawonjezeka kwambiri.

Monga mukuonera, pali zifukwa zambiri zoti mwaluso kusankha mtundu winawake wa mafuta a galimoto yanu. Kuti musawononge, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzitsatira ndondomeko yosonyezedwa ndi wopanga. Ndiye mutha kusangalala ndi magwiridwe antchito abata komanso opanda mavuto a unit yanu. ulendo wautali!