Dzichitireni nokha m'malo mwa zisindikizo za tsinde, ma bushings owongolera ndi ma valve pa VAZ 2106

Vaz 2106, monga galimoto ina iliyonse, amafunika kukonza nthawi ndi nthawi kukonzanso ntchito. Ngati utsi wa buluu udawonedwa kuchokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta a injini kunawonjezeka, ndiye kuti nthawi yafika yoti mulowe m'malo mwa zisindikizo za valve. Njira yokonzanso ndiyosavuta komanso yokhala ndi zida zochepa, ngakhale wokonda galimoto yemwe alibe chidziwitso chochepa amatha kuchita.

Mafuta scraper zisoti injini VAZ 2106

Zisindikizo za tsinde la valavu kapena zisindikizo za valve makamaka zimalepheretsa mafuta ochulukirapo kuti asalowe mu injini. Gawoli limapangidwa ndi mphira wopangidwa mwapadera womwe umatha pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azituluka. Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka. Choncho, m'pofunika kumvetsa mwatsatanetsatane gawo ili, mmene ndi liti m'malo ndi Vaz 2106.

Zophimba zamafuta zimalepheretsa mafuta kulowa mchipinda choyaka

Mumatengera chiyani?

Mapangidwe a mphamvu yamagetsi amakhala ndi ma valve olowera ndi otuluka. Tsinde la valve limalumikizana nthawi zonse ndi camshaft, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhungu yamafuta. Mbali yam'mbuyo ya valavu yolowera imakhala m'dera lomwe mumakhala madontho ang'onoang'ono amafuta kapena m'dera la mpweya wotentha, womwe umakhala wofanana ndi valavu yotulutsa mpweya. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa camshaft sikutheka popanda mafuta, koma kuyiyika mkati mwa masilindala ndi njira yosafunikira. Panthawi yobwerezabwereza ya valavu, mafuta amachotsedwa pa tsinde lake ndi siketi yoyika bokosi.

Dziwani zambiri za kuwonongeka kwa injini ya VAZ 2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/ne-zavoditsya-vaz-2106.html

Zizindikiro za kuvala

Pamene injini ikugwira ntchito, ma valve amakumana ndi kukangana kosalekeza, komanso zotsatira zaukali za mafuta ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti mphira yomwe gawo lopukuta la bokosi lopangira zinthu limapangidwira, nthiti zogwirira ntchito za kapu zimatha. Ngakhale kuti zinthuzo ndi zapamwamba kwambiri, gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi. Pofuna kukulitsa moyo wa zisoti, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba kwambiri a injini.

Wapakati utumiki moyo wa valavu zisindikizo ndi za 100 zikwi makilomita.

Zisindikizo za tsinde zikavalidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, mwaye amawonekera pa makandulo, ma valve, pistoni.

Mfundo yakuti zisindikizo zakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo ndi nthawi yoti zisinthe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro:

• utsi wonyezimira umatuluka m'chophimba;
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta a injini;
• spark plugs amakutidwa ndi mwaye.

Video: chizindikiro cha kutha pazisindikizo za tsinde la valve

Chizindikiro cha kuvala chisindikizo cha valve! gawo 1

Kusintha nthawi ndi chiyani

Pamene zisindikizo za tsinde la valve sizikugwirizana ndi ntchito yomwe wapatsidwa, mafuta amayamba kulowa mu silinda. Komabe, malinga ndi zizindikiro zomwe zasonyezedwa, munthu sangakhale wotsimikiza za kuvala kwa gawo lomwe likufunsidwa, chifukwa mafuta amathanso kulowa m'chipinda choyaka moto pamene mphete za pistoni zawonongeka kapena zowonongeka. Kuti mudziwe chomwe chiyenera kusinthidwa - mphete kapena zisindikizo, muyenera kuyang'ana kutuluka pamene galimoto ikuyenda. Ngati, mukamawotcha injini, mumakankhira mwamphamvu chopondapo cha gasi ndipo utsi wabuluu umawoneka kuchokera ku utsi, izi zikuwonetsa kuvala pazisindikizo za valavu. Zomwezo zidzawonedwa pambuyo pa kuyimitsidwa kwautali kwagalimoto.

Kuwoneka kwa utsi kuchokera ku muffler ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kulephera kwa zisindikizo za valve.

Maonekedwe a utsi pazochitika zomwe zafotokozedwazo zikhoza kufotokozedwa motere: pamene kulimba pakati pa tsinde la valve ndi manja otsogolera kumathyoka, mafuta amalowa muzitsulo kuchokera kumutu wa block. Ngati mphete za pistoni zavala kapena zochitika zawo, injiniyo idzachita mosiyana.

Zokhala Pang'onopang'ono - mphete sizimatha kutuluka m'mizere ya piston chifukwa cha ma depositi a kaboni.

Ngati pali vuto ndi mphete za pistoni mu mphamvu yamagetsi, ndiye kuti utsi wochokera ku muffler udzawonekera pamene ukugwira ntchito pansi pa katundu, i.e. poyendetsa galimoto ndi katundu, kuyendetsa galimoto. Kuvala mphete kungadziwike mwachindunji ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu, kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta ndi maonekedwe a mavuto poyambitsa injini.

Podziwa momwe mungadziwire kuvala kwa zisindikizo za tsinde la valve, zimakhalabe kuti mudziwe kuti ndi zigawo ziti zomwe zimayikidwa pa VAZ 2106. Masiku ano, magawo ochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana amaperekedwa pa mashelufu a magalimoto ogulitsa magalimoto. Choncho, eni galimoto ali ndi funso lomveka bwino, ndi liti lomwe lingakonde? Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakati pazinthu zabwino, pali zabodza zambiri. Kwa "zisanu ndi chimodzi" titha kulangiza kuyika zisindikizo za valavu kuchokera ku Elring, Victor Reinz, Corteco ndi SM.

Ena mwa omwe amapanga zisindikizo za valve stem ndi Elring, Victor Reinz, Corteco ndi SM

Kusintha kwa zipewa zamafuta opaka mafuta

Musanayambe kusintha ma valve osindikizira, m'pofunika kukonzekera chida:

• cracker;
• opukusa;
• makiyi akhazikitsidwa;
• ndodo ya malata ndi awiri 8 mm;
• nyundo;
• pliers yaitali mphuno kapena maginito chogwirira.

Kuti mulowetse zisindikizo za tsinde la valavu, mudzafunika cracker, malata, screwdriver, pliers zazitali, nyundo, makiyi.

Kenako mutha kupitiliza ndi kukonza motere:

1. Chotsani ma terminal opanda batire, fyuluta ya mpweya ndi chivundikiro cha valve.
   

   Kuti muchotse chivundikiro cha valve, muyenera kuchotsa fyuluta ya mpweya ndi nyumba.
2. Timatembenuza crankshaft kuti chizindikiro pa gear ya camshaft chigwirizane ndi kukwera kwa nyumba, zomwe zidzagwirizane ndi TDC ya 1 ndi 4 silinda.
   

   Makina owerengera nthawi amayenera kukhazikitsidwa kukhala masilinda a TDC 1 ndi 4
3. Timamasula wochapira loko ndikumasula bolt yoyika zida.
4. Timamasula nati ya kapu ya tensioner ndipo, titafinya nsapato ya tensioner ndi screwdriver, limbitsa natiyo.
   

   Kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwa unyolo, muyenera kumasula mtedza wa cap
5. Tsegulani chomangira cha camshaft.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 17, masulani bolt kuti muteteze camshaft sprocket
6. Pofuna kupewa asterisk kuti isagwe ndi kuchoka ku unyolo, timawagwirizanitsa ndi waya.
7. Timamasula kumangirira kwa camshaft yokhala ndi nyumba ndikuchotsa makinawo, komanso ma rockers okhala ndi akasupe.
   

   Mtedza womangirira ndi wosasunthika ndipo nyumba yonyamula imachotsedwa, komanso miyala yokhala ndi akasupe.
8. Timachotsa mawaya okwera kwambiri kuchokera ku spark plugs, kutembenuza makandulo okha ndikuyika ndodo ya malata mu dzenje kuti mapeto ake akhale pakati pa pisitoni ndi valavu.
   

   Kuti valavu isagwere mu silinda, chitsulo chofewa chimayikidwa mu dzenje la makandulo.
9. Ndi cracker, timakakamiza akasupe a valve yoyamba ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito pliers zazitali kapena maginito, chotsani zowonongeka.
   

   Chowotchacho chimayikidwa pa pini moyang'anizana ndi valavu yomwe ikukonzekera kuchotsa zowonongeka. Masika amapanikizidwa mpaka crackers atatulutsidwa
10. Chotsani diski ya valve ndi akasupe.
    

    Timatsuka mbale ndikutulutsa kuchokera ku valve
11. Timayika chokoka pabokosi lopangira zinthu ndikuchotsa gawolo kuchokera ku valve.
    

    Chophimba chamafuta chimachotsedwa ku tsinde la valve pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver kapena chokoka
12. Timanyowetsa kapu yatsopano ndi mafuta a injini ndikuisindikiza ndi chokokera chomwechi, kokha ndi mbali yakumbuyo.
    

    Musanayike kapu yatsopano, nsonga zake zogwirira ntchito ndi tsinde zimathiridwa ndi mafuta a injini.
13. Timachita chimodzimodzi ndi ma valve 4.
14. Timatembenuza theka la crankshaft ndikuyika zisindikizo zamafuta pa ma valve 2 ndi 3. Kutembenuza crankshaft ndikuyika pisitoni ku TDC, timasintha zisindikizo zina zonse zamafuta.
15. Pambuyo posintha magawowo, timayika crankshaft pamalo ake enieni ndikusonkhanitsa zinthu zonse motsatana.

Video: m'malo valavu zisindikizo pa VAZ "chachikale"

KUSINTHA KWA MAFUTA CAPS VAZ CLASSIC

Pamsonkhano, sinthani ma valve ndi kukakamiza unyolo.

Kusintha mavavu injini VAZ 2106

Nthawi zambiri, koma vutoli limachitika pamene valavu kapena ma valve angapo amafunika kusinthidwa. Ngati gawoli lawonongeka, kuponderezana mu silinda kumatsika ndipo mphamvu imachepa. Choncho, kukonza ndi njira yofunikira kuti mubwezeretse ntchito yamagetsi.

Kodi mavavu angakonzedwe?

Zifukwa zodziwika bwino zosinthira ma valve ndi pamene gawo likuwotcha kapena tsinde likupindika pazifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo, ndi kupsinjika kofooka kapena kuyendetsa nthawi yosweka. Njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri yokonzanso ndikuchotsa chinthu chomwe chawonongeka. Mtengo wa mavavu a Vaz 2106 siwokwera kwambiri kuti ayese kubwezeretsa gawo ili, makamaka popeza izi sizingatheke nthawi zonse.

Pakachitika valavu yamoto kapena kupindika kwa tsinde, gawolo ndi losavuta kusintha kuposa kubwezeretsa

Kusintha maupangiri

Maupangiri a valve mumutu wa silinda amagwira ntchito zingapo:

• kutentha kutentha;
• kukhazikitsa valavu pamwamba pa dzenje;
• kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta akugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono.

Maupangiri a valve amaonetsetsa kuti ma valve akuyenda bwino ndipo amafunika kusinthidwa akavala kwambiri

Gawolo limapangidwa ndi chitsulo ndipo limayikidwa mumutu wa block pokanikiza. M'kupita kwa nthawi, tchire amatha ndipo amafunika kusinthidwa, zomwe zimachitika pazifukwa izi:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, ndipo utsi wa buluu umatuluka mu chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya;
• pamene injini ikuyenda, phokoso la khalidwe likuwonekera kuchokera pamutu wa silinda;
• block head overhall.

Zambiri za chipangizo chamutu cha silinda: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/grm/poryadok-zatyazhki-golovki-bloka-cilindrov-vaz-2106.html

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, muyenera kukonzekera chida chotere:

• magulu otsegulira otseguka ndi otambalala;
• magulu amitu;
• chidendene;
• makokedwe wrench;
• zokopa;
• ma pliers
• phiri;
• kiyi yozungulira crankshaft;
• chokoka kuti atsegule ma valve;
• nyundo;
• mandrel kwa kugogoda kunja ndi kukanikiza bushings;
• 8.025 mm kutalika.

Ndiye mukhoza kuyamba ndondomeko yokonza:

1. Timachotsa nyumba ya fyuluta ya mpweya ndi fyuluta yokha.
2. Chotsani choziziritsa kukhosi mu makina ozizira.
   

   Kukhetsa antifreeze, pulagi imachotsedwa pa silinda, ndipo bomba pa radiator.
3. Tsegulani carburetor hose clamps, ndiyeno chotsani mapaipi okha.
   

   Timamasula zingwe zonse zoteteza ma hose a carburetor ndikumangitsa
4. Timadula chingwe cha accelerator pedal ndikumasula chingwe choyamwa.
5. Timamasula zomangira za carburetor ndikuchotsa msonkhano m'galimoto.
   

   Kuti muchotse carburetor mu injini, masulani mtedza 4 ndi wrench 13.
6. Timamasula kumangiriza kwa chitoliro cholowetsa ku manifold otopetsa.
   

   Timachotsa chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya kuchokera kumagetsi ambiri pochotsa zomangira kuchokera ku mtedza anayi.
7. Ndi mutu wa 10 kapena socket wrench, masulani mtedza kuti muteteze chivundikiro cha valve, kenaka muchotseni ku injini.
8. Timamasula zomangira za wogawa ndikuzichotsa pamodzi ndi mawaya amphamvu kwambiri.
   

   Timachotsa choyatsira moto pamodzi ndi mawaya
9. Timamasula camshaft sprocket bolt, chotsani zida ndikuzikonza pamodzi ndi unyolo ndi waya.
10. Timamasula kutsekereza kwa nyumba zonyamula ndikuchotsa msonkhano kuchokera pamutu wa block.
11. Timachotsa mutu wa silinda kuchokera ku injini mwa kumasula zomangira zofanana.
    

    Kuti muchotse mutu wa silinda mu injini, masulani mabawu 10
12. Timagwiritsa ntchito chokoka kuti timasule ma valve.
13. Timakanikiza chitsamba chowongolera pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel, pomwe timamenya ndi nyundo.
    

    Zitsamba zakale zimapanikizidwa ndi mandrel ndi nyundo
14. Kuti tiyike gawo latsopano, timayika mphete yosungirako ndipo, kugunda mandrel ndi nyundo, sungani manjawo mpaka mu ndege. Choyamba timayika maupangiri mufiriji kwa tsiku limodzi, ndikuwotcha mutu wa silinda kwa mphindi zisanu m'madzi otentha pafupifupi 60 C.
    

    Chomera chatsopanocho chimayikidwa pampando ndikukanikizidwa ndi nyundo ndi mandrel.
15. Pogwiritsira ntchito reamer, timasintha dzenjelo kuti likhale ndi diameter yomwe tikufuna.
    

    Pambuyo kukhazikitsa bushings kalozera pamutu, m'pofunika kuti agwirizane ndi reamer
16. Timasonkhana motsatira dongosolo.

Zitsamba zowongolera za mavavu olowera ndi zazifupi pang'ono kuposa za ma valve otulutsa mpweya.

Kanema: kusintha maupangiri a valve

Kusintha ma bushings owongolera a mavavu a VAZ ndi njira zotsogola

Kusintha mipando

Mipando ya ma valve, monga ma valve okha, imagwira ntchito nthawi zonse pa kutentha kwakukulu. Pakapita nthawi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowonongeka imatha kuwoneka pazinthu: zoyaka, ming'alu, zipolopolo. Ngati mutu wa chipikacho wakhala ukutenthedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti kusokonezeka kwa mpando ndi valavu n'kotheka, zomwe zimabweretsa kutayika kwapakati pakati pa zinthuzi. Ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuti mpando womwe uli pamtunda wa cam umatha mofulumira kusiyana ndi malo ena.

Chifukwa cha ntchito yosalekeza ya mipando ya valve pa kutentha kwakukulu, malo ogwirira ntchito a gawolo amatha nthawi

Kuti m'malo mwa mpando, uyenera kuchotsedwa pampando. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zosiyanasiyana:

• makina;
• kubowola magetsi;
• nyundo yokhala ndi nsonga yachitsulo;
• valavu yakale.

Chishalo chokhala ndi mutu wa silinda chimatha kuthyoledwa m'njira zingapo:

1. Pa makina. Chishalocho chimakhala chotopetsa, chitsulo chimakhala chochepa thupi, mphamvu imachepa. Pambuyo pokonza, gawo lonselo limatembenuzidwa ndikuchotsedwa ndi pliers.
2. Kubowola magetsi. Chozungulira chamtundu wa abrasive cha m'mimba mwake yoyenera chimangiriridwa mu chuck chobowola ndipo chitsulo chapampando chimakonzedwa. Pogaya, kukangana kumamasulidwa, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa gawolo pampando.
3. Kuwotcherera. Vavu yakale imawotchedwa pampando, kenako mbali zonse ziwiri zimagundidwa ndi nyundo.

Vavu yakale imalumikizidwa pampando m'malo angapo, yomwe imagwedezeka pamodzi ndi mpando ndi kuwomba kwanyundo.

Mpando watsopano waikidwa motere:

1. Kuti muwonetsetse kulimba kofunikira, mutu wa chipikacho umatenthedwa pa chitofu mpaka 100 ° C, ndipo zishalo zimayikidwa mufiriji kwa maola 48.
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito chida, gawo latsopano limapanikizidwa mumutu wa silinda.
3. Mutu ukazirala, zishalo zimatsukidwa.

Njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira chamfering, potsata liwiro komanso mtundu, ndi makina. Pazida zapadera, gawolo likhoza kukhazikitsidwa mokhazikika, ndipo chodulacho chikhoza kukhala chokhazikika, chomwe chimatsimikizira kulondola kwakukulu kwa ntchito. Popeza si eni ake onse omwe ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kubowola magetsi ndi odula.

Kudula chamfer pampando wa valve, ocheka okhala ndi ngodya zosiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndi chida ichi, muyenera kudula m'mbali zitatu pa chishalo:

• zakunja (60˚);
• mkati (30˚);
• chapakati (45˚).

Mphepete mwapakati ndi malo ogwirira ntchito omwe valve imakumana nayo.

Video: momwe mungasinthire mpando wa valve

Kumapeto kwa ndondomekoyi, ma valve ndi pansi ndipo mutu wa silinda umasonkhanitsidwa.

Kuyika ndi kuyika ma valve

Mavavu amaphwanyidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti chipinda choyaka moto chimakhala cholimba kwambiri. Ngati mpweya ndi mafuta zilowamo, ntchito yokhazikika ya injini idzasokonekera. Kupaka sikofunikira kokha pakusintha kwakukulu kwa mutu wa silinda, i.e. posintha ma valve ndi mipando, komanso ndi zolakwika zazing'ono mu ndege yolumikizana.

Ndondomeko ikhoza kuchitidwa m'njira zingapo:

• pa zipangizo zapadera;
• wodula pamanja;
• ndi manja ake.

Nthawi zambiri, eni magalimoto a banja VAZ ntchito pamanja. Pankhaniyi, mudzafunika zida ndi zipangizo zotsatirazi:

• kubowola kwamanja kapena kwamagetsi ndikutha kusintha liwiro;
• abrasive phala;
• kasupe;
• palafini.

Kasupe ayenera kukhala wolimba kwambiri kotero kuti akhoza kufinyidwa ndi dzanja popanda zovuta zambiri.

Mukamaliza kukonza zida, mutha kuyamba kugwira ntchito:

1. Timayika kasupe pa tsinde la valve ndikuyiyika pamalo ake pamutu wa silinda.
   

   Pogaya mavavu pa tsinde kuvala kasupe
2. Timayika tsinde la valve mu kubowola ndikuligwedeza.
3. Ikani abrasive phala pamwamba lapping pamwamba.
   

   Abrasive phala ntchito pa lapping pamwamba
4. Timatembenuza valavu pamanja kapena ndi kubowola kwamagetsi pa liwiro lotsika (500 rpm) mbali zonse ziwiri.
   

   Vavu yokhala ndi tsinde yotsekeredwa mu chuck yobowola imayikidwa pa liwiro lotsika
5. Timagaya ndegezo mpaka zitakhala zowuma.
   

   Pambuyo pakupumula, malo ogwirira ntchito a valve ndi mpando ayenera kukhala matte
6. Mukamaliza ndondomekoyi ndi ma valve onse, timawapukuta ndi mafuta a palafini, ndiyeno timawatsuka ndi chiguduli choyera.

Ma valve amaikidwa motsatira dongosolo la disassembly.

Chivundikiro cha valve

КChophimba cha valve chimateteza njira yoyendetsera nthawi kuzinthu zakunja, komanso kuchokera ku kutuluka kwa mafuta kupita kunja. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, smudges mafuta akhoza kuwonedwa pa injini, amene ndi zotsatira za kuwonongeka gasket. Pankhaniyi, chisindikizocho chiyenera kusinthidwa.

Za chipangizo cha chain drive: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/grm/kak-vystavit-metki-grm-na-vaz-2106.html

Kusintha gasket

Kuti m'malo gasket, muyenera kuchotsa chivundikirocho. Pankhaniyi, mufunika zida zotsatirazi:

• mitu 8 ndi 10;
• kuwonjezera;
• khungu kapena khungu;
• ma pliers

Pambuyo pake, tikupitiriza ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka:

1. Timamasula mtedza woteteza chivundikiro cha fyuluta ya mpweya, chotsani ndi fyuluta yokha.
2. Timamasula mtedza woteteza nyumbayo ndikuchotsa, titakoka payipi yotulutsa mpweya wa crankcase.
3. Chotsani kulumikizana kwa carburetor throttle drive.
   

   Chotsani ulalo wa throttle kuchokera ku carburetor
4. Timachotsa chingwe chowongolera mpweya, chomwe timamasula nati ndi 8 ndi screw kwa screwdriver.
   

   Kuti muchotse chingwe choyamwa kuchokera ku kabureta, masulani nati ndi wononga
5. Timamasula kutseka kwa chivundikiro cha valve ndi socket wrench kapena 10 mutu.
   

   Timamasula zomangira za chivundikiro cha valve ndi mutu kapena socket wrench ndi 10
6. Timachotsa chivundikirocho.
   

   Pambuyo pomasula zomangira, masulani chivundikirocho
7. Timachotsa gasket yakale ndikuyeretsa pamwamba pa chivundikiro ndi mutu wa silinda pamalo pomwe chisindikizocho chimakwanira.
   

   Timachotsa gasket yakale ndikuyeretsa pamwamba pa chivundikiro ndi mutu wa silinda pamalo pomwe chisindikizocho chimakwanira.
8. Timayika gasket yatsopano ndikusonkhanitsa motsatira dongosolo.

Kuti chivundikirocho chikhazikike bwino, mtedzawu umangirizidwa mwadongosolo linalake.

Mukayika chivundikiro cha valve, mtedza wa kumangiriza kwake uyenera kumangirizidwa mwanjira inayake.

Ngati pakufunika kusintha zisindikizo za valve kapena ma valve okha ndi zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino, sikoyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera ku siteshoni yothandizira. Potsatira malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe, ntchito yokonza ikhoza kuchitidwa pamanja.