Kodi US Air Force ikuyang'anizana ndi "dzenje"?
Phazi. USAF
US Air Force ndi US Navy Air Force pakali pano akuyang'anizana ndi gulu lankhondo lokalamba lomwe likukalamba kwambiri la omenyera a m'badwo wachinayi monga F-15, F-16 ndi F/A-18. Kumbali ina, pulogalamu yankhondo ya m'badwo wachisanu ya F-35, yomwe yachedwa kwa zaka zingapo ndipo ikulimbana ndi mavuto ambiri, ikulephera kupereka ndege zatsopano panthawi yake. Mzimu wa zomwe zimatchedwa dzenje losaka, i.e. nthawi yomwe omenyera otopa kwambiri adzayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo kusiyana kwake sikungathe kudzazidwa ndi chilichonse.
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Cold War, United States Air Force (USAF) ndi US Navy Air Force akhala akutenga nawo mbali pafupifupi nthawi zonse m'mikangano yapadziko lonse yankhondo yamphamvu mosiyanasiyana. Pazaka khumi ndi zisanu zapitazi, kutha kwa ndege zankhondo zaku US kwakula kwambiri, kuphatikiza omenyera nkhondo ambiri omwe akuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa omenyana ndi ndege, omwe moyo wawo wautumiki ndi wochepa kwambiri kuposa wa omenyera pansi, omwe akhala (ndipo) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi nkhondo zonse zoyendetsedwa ndi US. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ndege zomenyera nkhondo ndi aku America pantchito zapolisi, monga gawo la zomwe zimatchedwa. ziwonetsero zamphamvu, zoletsa, zothandizira ogwirizana, ndi zochitika zankhondo zam'deralo ndi zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Ngozi ya pa Novembara 2, 2007, ku Missouri ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha zomwe zingachitike m'tsogolo mwa ndege zankhondo za m'badwo wachinayi. Panthawi yophunzitsira ndege, F-15C yochokera ku 131st Fighter Wing idagwa mumlengalenga pomwe ikuchita zowongolera. Zinapezeka kuti chomwe chinayambitsa ngoziyi chinali kusweka kwa chingwe cha fuselage kuseri kwa bwalo la ndege. Zombo zonse za F-15A / B, F-15C / D ndi F-15E zoponya mabomba zinaimitsidwa. Panthawiyo, macheke sanaulule zowopseza zilizonse m'makope ena a Fifteen. Mkhalidwewo unali wosiyana pang’ono m’ndege zapamadzi. Mayesero a omenyera a F / A-18C / D awonetsa kuti zigawo zambiri zimavala kwambiri. Zina mwa izo zinali, mwachitsanzo, zopingasa mchira zopingasa.
Pakadali pano, pulogalamu yankhondo ya F-35 idakumana ndi kuchedwa kwina. Malingaliro abwino adapangidwa mu 2007 kuti US Marine Corps ayamba kulandira F-35B kuyambira 2011. F-35A idayenera kulowa ntchito ndi US Air Force mu 2012, monganso US Navy airborne F-35C. Nthawi yomweyo, pulogalamuyi idayamba kukhetsa bajeti ya Pentagon yomwe idayamba kuchepa. Asilikali ankhondo aku US adakwanitsa kupeza ndalama zogulira zida zatsopano za F/A-18E/F, zomwe zidayamba kulowa m'malo mwa F/A-18A/B ndi F/A-18C/D. Komabe, US Navy anasiya kugula F / A-18E / F mu 2013, ndi kulowa mu utumiki wa F-35C inaimitsidwa, monga kale kudziwika, kwa August 2018. Chifukwa cha kuchedwa ndi kufunika kuchotsa kwambiri zatha. F / A- 18Cs / D, m'zaka zikubwerazi, gulu lankhondo lankhondo lidzatha kuchokera pa omenyera 24 mpaka 36.
Momwemonso, US Air Force ikuwopsezedwa osati ndi kuchepa kwa "thupi" la omenyera nkhondo, koma ndi "bowo" mu mphamvu zankhondo zonse. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti mu 2011 anaimitsidwa kupanga 22 F-195A omenyana m'badwo wachisanu. F-22A imayenera kusintha pang'onopang'ono omenyera okalamba a F-15A/B/C/D. Komabe, pa izi, US Air Force idayenera kuvomereza osachepera 381 F-22As. Ndalamayi ingakhale yokwanira kukonzekeretsa magulu khumi amzere. Gulu lankhondo la F-22A liyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi omenyera a F-35A osiyanasiyana, m'malo mwa omenyera a F-16 (ndi ndege zowukira za A-10). Zotsatira zake, US Air Force idayenera kulandira gulu lankhondo lankhondo la m'badwo wachisanu momwe omenyera ndege a F-22A adzathandizidwa ndi maulendo angapo a F-35A air-to-ground.
Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa omenyera a F-22A komanso kuchedwa kulowa mu F-35A, Air Force idakakamizika kupanga gulu lankhondo lokhala ndi omenyera m'badwo wachinayi ndi wachisanu. Ma F-15 ndi F-16 otopa akuyenera kukwezedwa kuti azithandizira ndikuthandizira zombo zazikuluzikulu za F-22A komanso zombo za F-35A zomwe zikukula pang'onopang'ono.
Mavuto apanyanja
Asitikali ankhondo aku US adamaliza kugula zida zankhondo za F / A-18E / F Super Hornet mu 2013, ndikuchepetsa mayunitsi 565. 314 akale F/A-18A/B/C/D Hornets akugwirabe ntchito movomerezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, Marine Corps ali ndi 229 F / A-18B / C / D. Komabe, theka la Hornets silikugwira ntchito, chifukwa likukonza mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana okonza ndi amakono. Pamapeto pake, ma F/A-18C/D otopa kwambiri a Navy asinthidwa ndi 369 F-35Cs atsopano. A Marines akufuna kugula 67 F-35Cs, yomwe idzalowenso m'malo mwa Hornets. Kuchedwerako kwa pulogalamu komanso zovuta za bajeti zidapangitsa kuti ma F-35C oyamba akhale okonzeka kugwira ntchito mu Ogasiti 2018.
Kupanga kwathunthu kwa F-35C kudakonzedweratu kukhala 20 pachaka. Pakadali pano, Asitikali ankhondo aku US akuti pazifukwa zachuma, angakonde kuchepetsa mtengo wogula F-35C ngakhale makope 12 pachaka. Kupanga kwa seri kukuyembekezeka kuyambika mu 2020, kotero gulu loyamba la F-35C silidzayamba kugwira ntchito kale kuposa 2022. Asilikali apamadzi akukonzekera kukhala ndi gulu limodzi la ma F-35C mu mapiko aliwonse onyamula ndege.
Kuti achepetse zotsalira zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa pulogalamu ya F-35C, US Navy ikufuna kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa osachepera 150 F / A-18Cs kuchokera maola 6 mpaka maola 10 pansi pa SLEP (Life Extension Program). Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo silinalandire ndalama zokwanira zopangira pulogalamu ya SLEP. Panali zochitika zomwe omenyera 60 mpaka 100 F / A-18C adakakamira pazokonza popanda chiyembekezo chobwerera mwachangu. Lamulo la asitikali aku US akuti pa nthawi ya SLEP adzafuna kukweza F / A-18C yokonzedwanso. Bajeti ikuloleza, dongosololi ndikukonzekeretsa ma Hornets ndi radar yojambulidwa pakompyuta, ulalo wa data wa Link 16, zowonetsera zamitundu yokhala ndi mapu osuntha a digito, Martin Becker Mk 14 NACES (Naval Aircrew Common Ejektor Seat) mipando yotulutsa, ndi chisoti. Kutsata ndi kuwongolera JHMCS (Joint Helmut-Mounted Cueing System).
Kukonzanso kwa F/A-18C kumatanthauza kuti ntchito zambiri zogwirira ntchito zatengedwa ndi F/A-18E/Fs zatsopano, zomwe zimachepetsa moyo wawo wautumiki kukhala 9-10 mosalekeza. penyani. Pa Januware 19 chaka chino, Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) idalengeza dongosolo la SLEP lokulitsa moyo wa wankhondo wa F / A-18E / F. Sizikudziwikabe kuti ndondomeko ya mgwirizanowu idzawoneka bwanji komanso masiku omaliza omaliza ntchitoyo. Amadziwika kuti kukonzanso kudzakhudza kumbuyo kwa airframe ndi injini nacelles ndi mchira unit. Ma Super Hornets akale kwambiri adzafika malire a 6. maola mu 2017. Izi zikhala pafupifupi chaka ndi theka F-35C isanalengeze za kukonzekera kusanachitike. Pulogalamu ya SLEP ya womenya nkhondo m'modzi imatenga pafupifupi chaka. Kutalika kwa kukonzanso kumadalira kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri la airframe komanso kuchuluka kwa magawo ndi magulu omwe amafunikira kusinthidwa kapena kukonzedwa.
