C-130 Hercules zonyamula ndege ku Ulaya
Air Force yakhala ndi C-130E Hercules zoyendera ndege kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu tsopano; Panopa Poland imagwiritsa ntchito makina asanu amtunduwu. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Piotr Lysakovski
Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules ndi chithunzi chenicheni cha kayendedwe ka ndege zankhondo komanso nthawi yomweyo chizindikiro cha mapangidwe ena amtunduwu padziko lapansi. Kuthekera ndi kudalirika kwa mtundu uwu wa ndege zatsimikiziridwa ndi zaka zambiri za ntchito yotetezeka. Imapezabe ogula, ndipo mayunitsi omwe adamangidwa kale akusinthidwa ndi kukonzedwa, kukulitsa moyo wawo wautumiki kwa zaka zotsatila. Masiku ano pali mayiko khumi ndi asanu pa kontinenti yathu C-130 Hercules.
Austria
Austria ili ndi ndege zitatu zapakatikati za C-130K, zomwe mu 2003-2004 zidatengedwa kuchokera kumagulu a RAF ndikulowa m'malo mwa ndege zoyendera za CASA CN-235-300. Amathandizira nthawi zonse ntchito ya ku Austria ku Kosovo ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa nzika kumadera omwe akuwopsezedwa. Ndege zogulidwa ndi Austria ndizosinthidwa mwapadera pazosowa zaku Britain ndipo zida zake zitha kufananizidwa ndi makina amtunduwu pazosankha E ndi H. Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo - pambuyo pakusintha kwamakono - Austrian C-130K idzatha kukhalabe utumiki mpaka osachepera 2025 wa chaka. Amapereka lipoti ku Kommando Luftinterstützung ndipo amagwira ntchito pansi pa Lufttransportstaffel kuchokera ku Linz-Hörsching Airport.
Austria ili ndi ndege zitatu zazikuluzikulu zapakatikati za C-130K zochokera kumagulu ankhondo aku Britain. Akhalabe muutumiki mpaka 2025. Bandeshir
Belgium
Chigawo cha ndege cha Belgian Armed Forces chili ndi ndege zoyendera 11 C-130 zosintha E (1) ndi H (10). Mwa ma C-130Hs khumi ndi awiri omwe adalowa ntchito pakati pa 1972 ndi 1973, khumi akugwirabe ntchito. Magalimoto awiri adatayika pantchito; Pofuna kubweza zotayikazo, dziko la Belgium ku United States linapeza chonyamulira china cha C-130E. Ndegeyo nthawi zonse inkakonzedwa ndipo inkasinthidwa nthawi zonse, kuphatikizapo kusintha mapiko ndi ma avionics. Akuyembekezeka kukhalabe muutumiki mpaka osachepera 2020. Belgium sinaganize zogula ma C-130J atsopano, koma adalowa nawo pulogalamu ya Airbus Defense ndi Space A400M. Pazonse, akukonzekera kuyambitsa makina asanu ndi awiri amtunduwu pamzerewu. Belgian S-130s amagwira ntchito ngati gawo la gulu la 20 kuchokera ku Melsbroek base (mapiko a 15 oyendetsa ndege).
Denmark
Denmark yakhala ikugwiritsa ntchito C-130 kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakalipano, ndege zankhondo za Denmark zili ndi ndege za C-130J-30, i.е. mtundu wokulirapo wa ndege zaposachedwa za Hercules. Poyamba, a Danes anali ndi magalimoto atatu amtunduwu mu H version, yomwe inaperekedwa m'zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazo. Adagulitsidwanso ku Egypt mu 3. Adasinthidwa ndi ndege zinayi zatsopano zonyamula, zomwe zidatha mu 2004. C-2007J-130 yotambasulidwa imatha kutenga 30 m'malo mwa asitikali 92 okhala ndi zida zawo. Mapiko a Air Transport Aalborg Transport Wing (128 Squadron) yochokera ku Aalborg Airport. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kuthandizira mishoni zapadziko lonse lapansi zokhudzana ndi Gulu Lankhondo la Danish.
France
France ndi m'modzi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri C-130 ku Europe ndipo pakadali pano ali ndi ndege za 14 zamtundu wa H. Mtundu waku France ndi mtundu wotambasulidwa wa C-130H-30 wokhala ndi miyeso yofanana ndi C-130 yaposachedwa. -J-30s. kupita ku squadron 02.061 "Franche-Comte", yokhazikika pamunsi 123 Orleans-Brisy. Magalimoto 12 oyambirira adalandiridwa mpaka 1987. Enanso aŵiri anagulidwa pambuyo pake ku Zaire. Ma C-130H a French Air Force pamapeto pake adzasinthidwa ndi ma A400Ms, omwe pang'onopang'ono akutengedwa ndi French Air Force ndikuyika ntchito. Chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa pulogalamu A400M, France analamula zina C-130s anayi (ndi mwayi kwa awiri ena) ndipo anaganiza kupanga gulu ophatikizana ndi ndege za mtundu uwu pamodzi ndi Germany (chaka chino boma la Germany analengeza kuti akufuna gulani 6 C-130J ndikubweretsa mu 2019). Kuphatikiza pa mayendedwe a KC-130J, France idasankhanso mtundu wamitundu yambiri yoyendera ndi kuwonjezera mafuta a KC-130J (iliyonse idagulidwa kuchuluka kwa zidutswa ziwiri).
Greece
Agiriki amagwiritsa ntchito C-130 m'njira ziwiri. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi mtundu wa H, womwe uli ndi makope 8, koma ndegeyo ndi imodzi mwazosintha zakale, i.e. B, zikugwiritsidwabe ntchito - zilipo zisanu mwa izo. M'gulu la "B" la ndegeyo, ma avionics adasinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi miyezo yamakono. Kuwonjezera pa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto, Agiriki ali ndi ndege zina ziwiri zowunikiranso zamagetsi m'mabuku oyambirira a H. Komanso, zochitika ziwiri za H zinatayika panthawi ya ntchito. Monga mtundu wa B, mtundu wa H nawonso udasinthidwanso ma avionics (mabaibulo onsewo adasinthidwa ndi Hellenic Aerospace Viwanda mu 2006-2010). Ndege ya C-130H idayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1975. Kenako, m'zaka za m'ma 130, ma C-356B ogwiritsidwa ntchito adagulidwa kuchokera ku USA. Ndi gawo la XNUMXth Tactical Transport Squadron ndipo ali ku Elefsis Base.
Spain
Spain ili ndi ndege 12 za S-130 muzosintha zitatu. Mphamvuyi imachokera ku mayunitsi 130 amtundu wa C-7H, imodzi mwazowonjezera za C-130H-30, ndipo zisanu zina ndizowonjezera mlengalenga za KC-130H. Ndegezo zimagawidwa m'magulu a 311 ndi 312 kuchokera ku mapiko a 31 omwe ali ku Zaragoza. 312 Squadron ndi yomwe imayang'anira kuthira mafuta m'mlengalenga. Ndege zaku Spain ndizolemba T-10 za ogwira ntchito ndi TK-10 zamasitima. Hercules woyamba adalowa mzere mu 1973. Ma Spanish S-130 asinthidwa kuti akhale muutumiki kwa nthawi yayitali. Pamapeto pake, Spain iyenera kusinthana ndi ndege za A400M, koma chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma, tsogolo la ndege zoyendera silikudziwika.
Kukweza chidebe chachipatala mu Spanish C-130. Pansi pa rampu mutha kuwona zomwe zimatchedwa. chopondapo mkaka kuteteza kutsogolo kwa ndege kuti zisakweze mmwamba. Chithunzi cha Spanish Air Force
Netherlands
Netherlands ili ndi ndege 4 za mtundu wa C-130 H, ziwiri mwazo ndi mtundu wotambasulidwa. Ndegeyo imakhala ngati gawo la 336th Transport Squadron yomwe ili ku Eindhoven Airport. C-130H-30 idalamulidwa mu 1993 ndipo onse adaperekedwa chaka chotsatira. Awiri otsatirawa adalamulidwa mu 2004 ndipo adaperekedwa ku 2010. Ndegeyo inapatsidwa mayina oyenera polemekeza oyendetsa ndege ofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya dziko: G-273 "Ben Swagerman", G-275 "Jop Müller", G-781 "Bob Van der Stock", G-988 "Willem den Toom". Magalimotowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zothandizira anthu komanso kulembera anthu achi Dutch kuti azipita kumayiko akunja.
Netherlands ili ndi ndege zinayi za Lockheed Martin C-130H Hercules zoyendera, awiri mwa iwo ndi ogwira ntchito zoyendera zomwe zimatchedwa. mtundu wowonjezera wa C-130N-30. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi RNAF
Norway
The Norwegians ntchito 6 C-130 sing'anga zoyendera ndege mu yochepa H Baibulo kwa zaka zambiri, koma patapita zaka zambiri anaganiza m'malo ndi ndege zamakono zoyendera mu mtundu J, mu Baibulo yaitali. C-130H inalowa ntchito mu 1969 ndipo inawuluka mpaka 2008. Norway inaitanitsa ndi kulandira ma C-2008J-2010 asanu mu 130-30; imodzi mwa izo inagwa mu 2012, koma m'chaka chomwecho galimoto ina yamtunduwu inagulidwa kuti ilowe m'malo mwake. C-130J-30s ndi a 335 Squadron Gardermoen Air Base.
Poland
Air Force yathu yakhala ikugwiritsa ntchito ma transporter a S-130 mu mtundu E kwa zaka eyiti tsopano. Poland ili ndi magalimoto asanu amtunduwu okhala ndi manambala amchira kuyambira 1501 mpaka 1505 ndi mayina oyenera: "Queen" (1501), "Cobra" (1502), "Charlene" (1504 d.) ndi "Dreamliner" (1505). Copy 1503 ilibe mutu. Onse asanu adakhazikitsidwa pamalo oyendetsa ndege a 33 ku Powidzie. Magalimoto anasamutsidwa kwa ife pansi pa pulogalamu yothandizira ndalama za asilikali akunja kuchokera ku malo osungirako asilikali a US Air Force ndipo anakonzedwa asanaperekedwe kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwiritsidwa ntchito motetezeka. Makinawa amaperekedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mokhazikika ku Powidzie ndi WZL No. 2 SA ku Bydgoszcz. Kuyambira pachiyambi, adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthandizira gulu lankhondo la Poland m'mishoni zakunja.
Portugal
Chipwitikizi zoyendera ndege C-130 Hercules. Pamwamba pa thupi panali navigation ndi kuonerera dome, otchedwa. astro dome. Chithunzi Chipwitikizi Air Force
Portugal ili ndi 5 C-130 H-matembenuzidwe, atatu omwe ndi otambasulidwa. Ndi gawo la 501st Bison Squadron ndipo amakhala ku Montijo. Hercules woyamba adalowa mu Portugal Air Force mu 1977. Kuyambira pamenepo, ma C-130H a Chipwitikizi alowa maola opitilira 70 mlengalenga. Chaka chatha, makina amodzi amtunduwu adatayika, ndipo imodzi mwa asanu otsalawo ili m'malo osagwira ntchito.
Romania
Romania ndi limodzi mwa mayiko omwe akugwiritsa ntchito C-130 yakale kwambiri ku kontinenti yathu. Panopa ili ndi ma C-130 anayi, atatu mwa iwo ndi B ndi imodzi H. Ndege zonse zili pa 90th Air Transport Base yomwe ili pa bwalo la ndege la Henri Coanda pafupi ndi Bucharest. Kuphatikiza pa S-130, magalimoto ena oyendera aku Romania ndi ndege yapulezidenti imayikidwanso pamunsi. Baibulo loyamba la S-130 B linaperekedwa m’dzikoli mu 1996. Zina zitatu zinaperekedwa m’zaka zotsatira. Ndege zosinthidwa B zimachokera m'matangadza a US Air Force, pamene C-130H, yomwe inalandira mu 2007, yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito kale mu ndege ya ku Italy. Ngakhale onse adakwezedwa, atatu okha omwe akuwuluka pakali pano, ena onse amasungidwa ku Otopeni base.
Imodzi mwa ndege zitatu zaku Romania C-130B zomwe zikuwuluka. Chithunzi Romanian Air Force
Sweden
Dziko lino lidakhala woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito C-130 ku Europe ndipo limagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto 6 amtunduwu, asanu mwa iwo ndi mtundu wa H ndi mtundu umodzi wowonjezera mafuta, komanso wotuluka pamtunduwu. Pazonse, dzikolo lidavomera ma Hercules asanu ndi atatu, koma ma C-130E akale kwambiri, omwe adalowa mu 2014s, adachotsedwa ntchito mu 130. Ma C-1981Hs adalowa mu 130 ndipo ndi atsopano komanso osamalidwa bwino. Iwo akwezedwanso. C-84 ku Sweden ndi chizindikiro cha TP 2020. Imodzi mwa mavuto kwa ogwira ntchito zoyendera ku Sweden ndi malamulo omwe akuyamba kugwira ntchito mu 8, omwe amalimbitsa zofunikira pazida zapamtunda pamene akuwuluka mumlengalenga woyendetsedwa ndi anthu. Pa Meyi 2030 chaka chino, adaganiza zoyimitsa mapulani ogula ndege zatsopano zoyendera ndikusintha zomwe zilipo kale. Kugogomezera kwakukulu kudzayikidwa pakusintha kwamakono kwa ma avionics, ndipo ntchito yake iyenera kukhala yotheka mpaka 2020. Kukonzekera kokonzekera kudzachitika mu 2024-XNUMX.
Swedish C-130H Hercules adasinthidwa kuti aziwonjezera mafuta mumlengalenga. Dzikoli lidakhala woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ndege zamtunduwu ku Europe. Chithunzi Swedish Air Force
nkhukundembo
Dziko la Turkey limagwiritsa ntchito zosintha zakale za C-130B ndi E. Ma C-130B asanu ndi limodzi adapezedwa mu 1991-1992, ndipo ma C-130E khumi ndi anayi adayikidwa mu magawo awiri. Makina 8 oyambirira amtunduwu anagulidwa mu 1964-1974, asanu ndi limodzi otsatirawa anagulidwa ku Saudi Arabia mu 2011. Makina amodzi a gulu loyamba anasweka mu 1968. Onsewa ndi zida za 12th Main Air Transport Base, yomwe ili. mumzinda wa Saudi Arabia, pakati pa Anatolia, mzinda wa Kayseri. Ndege zimauluka kuchokera ku Erkilet International Airport monga gawo la 222nd Squadron, ndipo malo ankhondo palokha ndi maziko a ndege za C-160, zomwe zikuchotsedwa ntchito, komanso ndege za A400M zomwe zangotulutsidwa kumene. Anthu a ku Turks amasintha ndege zawo, kuyesera kuonjezera pang'onopang'ono kutenga nawo mbali kwa makampani awo mu ndondomekoyi, yomwe ndi yodabwitsa kwambiri ya asilikali onse a ku Turkey.
Dziko la Britain
UK pakali pano imagwiritsa ntchito C-130 mu mtundu watsopano wa J, ndipo maziko awo ndi RAF Brize Norton (kale, kuyambira 1967, makina amtunduwu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito muzosiyana za K). Ndegezo zimasinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za ku Britain ndipo zimakhala ndi dzina la C4 kapena C5. Magawo onse a 24 ogulidwa ndi zida zochokera ku XXIV, 30 ndi 47 Squadrons, yoyamba yomwe ikugwira ntchito yophunzitsira ndege za C-130J ndi A400M. Mtundu wa C5 ndiye mtundu waufupi, pomwe dzina la C4 limafanana ndi "yaitali" C-130J-30. Ndege zaku Britain zamtunduwu zikhalabe ndi RAF mpaka 2030, ngakhale zidakonzedwa kuti zichotsedwe mu 2022. Zonse zimatengera kuthamanga kwa kutumizidwa kwa ndege yatsopano ya A400M.
A British C-130J Hercules afika ku US chaka chino kuti atenge nawo mbali pazochitika zapadziko lonse za Red Flag. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi RAAF
Italy
Masiku ano, pali mitundu 19 ya Hercules J mu ndege zankhondo zaku Italiya, zitatu mwazo ndi ndege zamtundu wa KC-130J, ndipo zina zonse ndi ndege zapamwamba za C-130J. Iwo anaikidwa mu utumiki 2000-2005 ndipo ali a 46 Aviation Brigade ku Pisa San, pokhala zida za squadrons 2 ndi 50. Anthu aku Italiya ali ndi zoyendera zapamwamba za C-130J komanso magalimoto otalikirapo. Njira yosangalatsa idapangidwa kuti azinyamula odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana ndi kudzipatula kwawo kwathunthu. Pazonse, zoyendera za 22 C-130J zidagulidwa kwa ndege zankhondo zaku Italy (zidalowa m'malo mwa ndege zakale za C-130H, zomaliza zomwe zidachotsedwa pamzere mu 2002), ziwiri zomwe zidatayika panthawi yogwira ntchito mu 2009 ndi 2014.
Mkhalidwe pamsika waku Europe
Ponena za ndege zoyendera, msika waku Europe lero ndizovuta kwa Lockheed Martin, wopanga zodziwika bwino za Hercules. Mpikisano wapakhomo wakhala wamphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo vuto linanso pazinthu za US ndi chakuti maiko angapo amagwirira ntchito limodzi pamapulogalamu oyendetsa ndege. Momwemonso zinalili ndi ndege ya C-160 Transall, yomwe ikubwera pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pamzere wa msonkhano, ndi A400M, yomwe ikuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Galimoto yotsirizirayi ndi yaikulu kuposa Hercules ndipo imatha kuyendetsa bwino, komanso kugwira ntchito zanzeru, zomwe S-130 imapanga. Kuyamba kwake kumatseka zogula m'maiko monga UK, France, Germany ndi Spain.
Vuto lina lalikulu kwa ogula a ku Ulaya ndi ndalama zochepa zogulira zida. Ngakhale dziko la Sweden lolemera lidasankha kusagula zonyamula zatsopano, koma kungosintha zomwe zidalipo kale.
Msika wa ndege zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi waukulu, womwe umatilola kupereka zowonjezera ndi mautumiki okhudzana ndi kusunga ndege mu kukonzekera nkhondo kwa zaka zambiri zikubwerazi. Masiku ano, ndege zimaima pamzere kwa zaka 40 kapena 50, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti wogula amakhala womangidwa ndi wopanga kwa zaka zambiri. Zimatanthawuzanso kukweza kwakukulu kumodzi kwa ndegeyo, kuphatikiza zina zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimawonjezera kuthekera kwake. Inde, kuti izi zitheke, ndegeyo iyenera kugulitsidwa kaye. Choncho, ngakhale kusowa kwa malamulo atsopano ochokera ku mayiko olemera kwambiri ku Ulaya, pali chiyembekezo cha zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zothandizira magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
Njira imodzi yothetsera maiko ang'onoang'ono omwe akufunika kukonzanso zombo zawo ndi njira yochitira zinthu zambiri. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi ndege, imatha kugwiranso ntchito bwino pakuyendetsa ndege. Kugula ndege zokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zokha zonyamula katundu ndi anthu kungakhale kovuta kulungamitsa, makamaka ngati zida zikugwirabe ntchito. Komabe, ngati muyang'ana nkhaniyi mozama ndikusankha kugula ndege zomwe, kuwonjezera pa mphamvu zawo zoyendera, zidzakhala zoyenera kuthamangitsa ndege za helikopita, kuthandizira mautumiki apadera kapena kuthandizira pabwalo la nkhondo mu mikangano ya asymmetric kapena mishoni zodziwitsa, kugula C. -Ndege 130 zimakhala ndi tanthauzo losiyana kotheratu.
Chilichonse, monga mwachizolowezi, chidzadalira ndalama zomwe zilipo ndipo ziyenera kuwerengera phindu lomwe lingapezeke pogula zosintha zenizeni za S-130. Ndege zokhala ndi zolinga zambiri ziyenera kukhala zokwera mtengo kuposa zosinthira wamba.
Okhoza kugula S-130
Mayiko omwe akugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yakale akuwoneka kuti ndi omwe angalandire kwambiri ndege zatsopanozi. Ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pa kusiyana kwa J kuchokera ku H ndi E, koma uku kudzakhala kutembenuka kwatsopano, osati ku ndege yosiyana kwambiri. Zomangamangazo zidzakhalanso zokonzeka kutengera makina atsopanowa. Monga tanenera kale, Sweden idasiya gulu la ogula ndipo idaganiza zokweza.
Gulu la ogula ndithudi Poland, ndi kufunika kwa magalimoto anayi kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Dziko lina lomwe likufunika kusinthanitsa zida zake zoyendera ndi Romania. Ili ndi makope akale mu mtundu B, ngakhale ili m'maiko omwe ali ndi zosowa zambiri komanso bajeti yochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, alinso ndi ndege za C-27J Spartan, zomwe, ngakhale zazing'ono, zimagwira ntchito yawo bwino. Wina wogula ndi Austria, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma C-130K akale aku Britain. Nthawi yawo yautumiki ndi yochepa, ndipo chifukwa cha kutembenuka ndi mzere wotumizira, tsiku lomaliza la zokambirana liri posachedwapa. Pankhani ya mayiko ang'onoang'ono ngati Austria, ndizothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yophatikizira yoyendera limodzi ndi dziko lina m'derali. Monga Romania, Bulgaria yasankhanso anthu ang'onoang'ono a ku Sparta, kotero kupeza mtundu watsopano wa ndege zoyendera zapakati ndizokayikitsa. Greece ikhoza kukhalanso wogula wa S-130, koma dzikolo likulimbana ndi mavuto aakulu azachuma ndipo likukonzekera kukonzanso ndege zake zomenyera nkhondo poyamba, komanso kugula zida zotsutsana ndi ndege ndi zowononga ndege. Portugal amagwiritsa ntchito C-130Hs koma amakonda kugula Embraer KC-390s. Pakalipano, palibe njira imodzi yomwe yatsirizidwa, koma mwayi wosintha makina a H kukhala makina a J akuyerekezedwa kuti ndi mizimu.
Turkey ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu. Ili ndi gulu lalikulu la ndege zamtundu wa B ndi C-160 zomwe zakhala zikugwira ntchito, zomwe zidzafunikanso kusinthidwa ndi mtundu watsopano. Ili mu pulogalamu ya A400M, koma makope omwe adalamulidwa sangakwaniritse kufunika konse kwa ndege zoyendera. Limodzi mwamavuto ogula izi lingakhale kuwonongeka kwaposachedwa kwa ubale waukazembe wa US-Turkey komanso chikhumbo chofuna kukulitsa kudziyimira pawokha kwamakampani awo ankhondo.
