Chipangizo, malfunctions ndi kukonza injini Vaz 2106

Injini ya VAZ 2106 imatengedwa kuti ndiyo yopambana kwambiri pamzere wonse wa Zhiguli. Ndipo ndi kwa iye kuti "zisanu ndi chimodzi" zikuyenera kutchuka.

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a injini ya VAZ 2106

Chomera chamagetsi cha VAZ 2106 ndi njira yabwino ya injini ya 2103. Powonjezera kukula kwa silinda, okonzawo adatha kuwonjezera mphamvu ya injini kuchokera ku 71 mpaka 74. Zina zonse zamapangidwe a injini sizinasinthe.

Injini ya VAZ 2106 imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri pa injini zonse za Zhiguli

Table: makhalidwe a unit mphamvu VAZ 2106

Maudindo	makhalidwe a
mtundu wamafuta	Gasoline
Gawo lamafuta	AI-92
jekeseni njira	Carburetor / Injector
Cylinder chipika zakuthupi	Ponya chitsulo
BC mutu zinthu	Zotayidwa aloyi
Unyinji wa unit, kg	121
Silinda malo	Mzere
Chiwerengero cha masilinda, ma PC	4
Pisitoni m'mimba mwake, mm	79
Piston stroke, mm	80
Kuchuluka kwa ma silinda onse, cm3	1569
Mphamvu zazikulu, l. Ndi.	74
Makokedwe, Nm	87,3
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	8,5
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (msewu waukulu / mzinda, wosakanikirana), l/100 km	7,8/12/9,2
Zida za injini zomwe zidalengezedwa ndi wopanga, ma kilomita chikwi.	120000
Weniweni, chikwi makilomita.	200000
Malo a Camshaft	Chapamwamba
Kukula kwa magawo ogawa gasi,0	232
Exhaust valve patsogolo angle,0	42
kuchepa kwa valve,0	40
Diameter ya zisindikizo za camshaft, mm	40 ndi 56
Kukula kwa zisindikizo za camshaft, mm	7
crankshaft zinthu	Chitsulo (cast iron)
M'mimba mwake, mm	50,795-50,775
Chiwerengero cha mayendedwe akuluakulu, ma PC	5
Flywheel m'mimba mwake, mm	277,5
M'mimba mwake wa dzenje, mm	25,67
Chiwerengero cha mano a korona, ma PC	129
Kulemera kwa flywheel, g	620
Analimbikitsa injini mafuta	5W-30, 15W-40
Mafuta a injini, l	3,75
Kuchuluka kwamafuta a injini pa 1000 km, l	0,7
Choziziritsa analimbikitsa	Antifreeze A-40
Kuchuluka koyenera kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, l	9,85
Nthawi yoyendetsa	Unyolo
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma silinda	1–3–4–2

Zambiri za chipangizo cha VAZ-2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/gabarityi-vaz-2106.html

Chipangizo cha injini ya VAZ 2106

Kamangidwe ka unit mphamvu VAZ 2106 tichipeza machitidwe anayi ndi njira ziwiri.

Table: machitidwe ndi makina a injini Vaz 2106

Njira	Njira
Magetsi	Crank
Kuyatsa	kugawa gasi
Dothi
kuziziritsa

Mphamvu yamagetsi VAZ 2106

Dongosolo lamagetsi limapangidwa kuti liyeretse mafuta ndi mpweya, kukonza chisakanizo chamafuta ndi mpweya kuchokera kwa iwo, kuupereka munthawi yake kumasilinda, ndi kutulutsa mpweya. Mu VAZ 2106 ili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• thanki yokhala ndi sensor level mafuta;
• fyuluta yamafuta;
• mafuta mpope;
• carburetor;
• fyuluta yoyeretsa mpweya;
• mafuta ndi mpweya mizere;
• kudya zambiri;
• utsi wochuluka.
  

  Mafuta ochokera ku tanki amaperekedwa ku carburetor pogwiritsa ntchito mpope wamakina

Momwe makina amagetsi a VAZ 2106 amagwirira ntchito

Kutulutsa mafuta kuchokera ku tanki kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamafuta yamtundu wa diaphragm. Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina ndipo chimayendetsedwa ndi pusher kuchokera ku eccentric ya shaft yothandizira. Pali fyuluta yabwino kutsogolo kwa pampu yamafuta, yomwe imatsekera tinthu tating'ono ta zinyalala ndi chinyezi. Kuchokera papampu ya petulo, mafuta amaperekedwa ku carburetor, komwe amasakanikirana ndi gawo linalake ndi mpweya woyeretsedwa kale, ndikulowa muzowonjezereka monga kusakaniza. Mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umachotsedwa m'zipinda zoyaka moto kudzera munjira zambiri zotulutsa mpweya, paipi yapansi ndi muffler.

Kanema: mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya injini ya carburetor

Ignition system VAZ 2106

Poyamba, "six" anali okonzeka ndi kukhudzana poyatsira dongosolo. Zinali ndi ma node awa:

• chowotcha moto (lock);
• batire;
• jenareta;
• coil kuyatsa;
• magetsi distributor ndi wosweka;
• mawaya othamanga kwambiri;
• makandulo.
  

  Injini za VAZ 2106 zinali ndi machitidwe olumikizirana komanso osalumikizana nawo

M'tsogolomu, makina oyatsira adakhala amakono. M'malo mwa chosokoneza, chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo chimafuna kusinthidwa kosalekeza kwa olumikizana nawo, chosinthira chamagetsi ndi sensa ya Hall chinagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito makina okhudzana ndi osagwirizana ndi magetsi a VAZ 2106

Mumakina olumikizirana, kiyi yoyatsira ikatembenuka, voliyumu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku batri kupita ku koyilo, yomwe imakhala ngati thiransifoma. Podutsa ma windings ake, magetsi amakwera maulendo masauzande angapo. Kenaka amatsatira kukhudzana ndi wosweka, kumene amasandulika kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi ndikulowa mu slider distributor, yomwe "imanyamula" panopa kupyolera muzitsulo za chivundikirocho. Kulumikizana kulikonse kumakhala ndi waya wake wothamanga kwambiri womwe umalumikiza ndi ma spark plugs. Kupyolera mu izo, mphamvu yamagetsi imaperekedwa ku ma electrode a kandulo.

Dongosolo losalumikizana limagwira ntchito mosiyana. Apa, sensa ya Hall yomwe imayikidwa mu nyumba yogawa imawerengera malo a crankshaft ndikutumiza chizindikiro ku chosinthira zamagetsi. Kusinthana, kutengera zomwe zalandilidwa, kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika ku koyilo. Kuchokera pamenepo, zamakono zimathamangiranso kwa wogawa, kumene "zimabalalika" pa makandulo pogwiritsa ntchito slider, zophimba zophimba ndi mawaya apamwamba kwambiri.

Kanema: Makina oyatsira a VAZ 2106

Kondomu dongosolo VAZ 2106

Dongosolo lamafuta amagetsi a VAZ 2106 ndi ophatikizana: mafuta amaperekedwa kumadera ena mopanikizika, ndi ena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Mapangidwe ake ali ndi:

• crankcase kusunga mafuta;
• pampu yamafuta yokhala ndi cholandila mafuta, valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga ndi fyuluta yolimba;
• fyuluta yabwino yamafuta;
• njira zamafuta zomwe zili mkati mwa cylinder block ndi mutu wa silinda;
• Emergency mafuta kuthamanga sensor.
  

  Makina opaka mafuta a VAZ 2106 amagwiranso ntchito yoziziritsa

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mafuta a VAZ 2106

Kuzungulira kwa mafuta mu dongosolo kumaperekedwa ndi pampu yamafuta. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta amakina otengera magiya awiri (oyendetsa ndi oyendetsedwa). Pozungulira, amapanga vacuum polowera pampu ndi kukakamiza potuluka. Kuyendetsa kwa chipangizocho kumaperekedwa kuchokera ku shaft ya mayunitsi othandizira kudzera mu zida zake, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zida za pampu yamafuta.

Kusiya mpope, lubricant imaperekedwa kudzera mu njira yapadera yopita ku fyuluta yabwino yothamanga, ndi kuchoka ku mzere waukulu wa mafuta, kuchokera kumene imatengedwa kupita kumalo osuntha ndi kutentha kwa injini.

Video: ntchito ya VAZ 2106 lubrication system

Njira yozizira

Dongosolo lozizira la gawo lamagetsi la VAZ 2106 lili ndi mapangidwe osindikizidwa, pomwe firiji imazungulira mopanikizika. Imathandiza kuziziritsa injini komanso kusunga kutentha kwake. Mapangidwe a dongosolo ndi:

• pampu yamadzimadzi (pompa);
• imodzi;
• radiator ndi fani yamagetsi;
• kuziziritsa zimakupi kutsegula sensa;
• sensor kutentha;
• heater radiator;
• thanki yowonjezera;
• kulumikiza mapaipi;
• jekete yozizira ya injini.
  

  Injini ya VAZ 2106 ili ndi makina oziziritsira madzi otsekedwa

Momwe kuzirala kwa VAZ 2106 kumagwirira ntchito

Jekete yoziziritsa yamadzimadzi ndi netiweki yamakanema omwe ali mkati mwa silinda yamutu ndi cylinder block yamagetsi. Amadzazidwa kwathunthu ndi ozizira. Panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, crankshaft imatembenuza pulley yamadzimadzi yoyendetsa galimoto kudzera pa V-lamba. Pamapeto ena a rotor ndi chowongolera chomwe chimakakamiza refrigerant kuyendayenda kudzera mu jekete. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika kofanana ndi 1,3-1,5 atmospheres kumapangidwa mu dongosolo.

Werengani za chipangizo ndi kukonza dongosolo la silinda mutu: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/grm/poryadok-zatyazhki-golovki-bloka-cilindrov-vaz-2106.html

Kuyenda kudzera muzitsulo zamagetsi, firiji imachepetsa kutentha kwake, koma imadziwotcha yokha. Madzi akalowa mu radiator yozizira, amapereka kutentha kwa machubu ndi mbale za chipangizocho. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a kutentha kwa kutentha ndi mpweya wozungulira nthawi zonse, kutentha kwake kumachepetsedwa. Ndiye refrigerant akulowa injini kachiwiri, kubwereza mkombero. Choziziritsa chikafika kutentha kwambiri, sensor yapadera imayambika, yomwe imayatsa fan. Imachita kuziziritsa kokakamiza kwa radiator, ndikuyiwombera kuchokera kumbuyo ndi mtsinje wa mpweya.

Kuti injini ikhale yotentha kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira osati kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe, thermostat imaphatikizidwa pakupanga dongosolo. Ntchito yake ndikuwongolera komwe kozizirako. Injini ikazizira, chipangizocho sichilola choziziritsa kukhosi kulowa mu radiator, ndikuchikakamiza kuti chisunthe mkati mwa injini. Pamene madzi usavutike mtima ndi kutentha kwa 80-85⁰Thermostat imayatsidwa, ndipo firiji imazungulira kale mubwalo lalikulu, kulowa mu chotenthetsera kutentha kuti chizizizira.

Chikatenthedwa, choziziriracho chimakula kwambiri, ndipo chimafunika kupita kwinakwake. Pazifukwa izi, thanki yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito - thanki ya pulasitiki pomwe firiji yambiri ndi nthunzi yake zimasonkhanitsidwa.

Kuwonjezera pa kuchepetsa kutentha kwa injini ndi kusunga kutentha kwake, makina ozizirirawo amathandizanso kutentha chipinda chokwera anthu. Izi zimatheka ndi radiator yowonjezera yomwe imayikidwa mu module ya heater. Firiji ikalowa, thupi lake limatentha, chifukwa mpweya womwe uli mu module umatenthedwa. Kutentha kumalowa m'nyumba chifukwa cha fan yamagetsi yomwe imayikidwa polowera "chitofu".

Kanema: Chithunzi chozizira cha VAZ 2106

Makina a Crankshaft VAZ 2106

Crank mechanism (KShM) ndiye njira yayikulu yopangira magetsi. Imatembenuza kusuntha kobwerezabwereza kwa pistoni iliyonse kukhala yozungulira ya crankshaft. Makinawa ali ndi:

• chipika cha silinda;
• mitu ya block;
• chikwapu;
• ntchentche;
• zinthu za gulu pisitoni (ndodo, pistoni, mphete pisitoni ndi zikhomo).
  

  Makina a crank amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthira kusuntha kwa ma pistoni kukhala kuzungulira kwa crankshaft.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito KShM

Pistoni ndi pansi pake imalandira mphamvu yopangidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa chisakanizo choyaka moto. Amachipititsa ku ndodo yolumikizira, yomwe iye mwiniyo wakhazikika ndi chala. Yotsirizirayo, mokakamizidwa, imatsika ndikukankhira crankshaft, yomwe khosi lake lakumunsi limamveka. Poganizira kuti injini VAZ 2106 pali pistoni zinayi, ndipo aliyense wa iwo amayenda paokha pa mzake, crankshaft atembenuza mbali imodzi, kukankhira pisitoni motsatana. Mapeto a crankshaft ali ndi flywheel, yomwe idapangidwa kuti ichepetse kugwedezeka kozungulira, komanso kukulitsa inertia ya shaft.

Pistoni iliyonse ili ndi mphete zitatu. Awiri aiwo amapangira kukakamiza mu silinda, chachitatu - kuyeretsa makoma a silinda ku mafuta.

Video: makina a crank

Njira yogawa gasi VAZ 2106

Njira yogawa gasi (nthawi) ya injini ndiyofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kulowa kwake kwamafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya m'zipinda zoyaka, komanso kutulutsa zinthu zoyaka kuchokera kwa iwo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ayenera kutseka ndi kutsegula ma valve mu nthawi. Kupanga kwa nthawi kumaphatikizapo:

• camshaft;
• mavavu;
• okankha;
• kukankha ndodo;
• zida za rocker;
• zinthu zoyendetsa (nyenyezi za camshaft ndi crankshaft, unyolo woyendetsa ndi damper, tensioner, nsapato).
  

  Njira yogawa gasi ya Vaz 2106 imayendetsedwa ndi unyolo pagalimoto kuchokera ku crankshaft.

Momwe nthawi ya VAZ 2106 imagwirira ntchito

Chinthu chachikulu cha nthawi ya injini ndi camshaft. Ndi iye amene, mothandizidwa ndi makamera omwe ali pamtunda wake wonse, kudzera m'zigawo zowonjezera (zokankhira, ndodo ndi manja a rocker) amayendetsa ma valve, kutsegula ndi kutseka mazenera ofanana mu zipinda zoyaka.

Crankshaft imazungulira camshaft pogwiritsa ntchito unyolo wokhazikika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, liwiro la kuzungulira kwa chotsiriziracho, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kukula kwa nyenyezi, ndi chimodzimodzi kuwirikiza kawiri. Panthawi yozungulira, makamera a camshaft amagwira ntchito pa zokankhira, zomwe zimatumiza mphamvu ku ndodo. Omaliza akanikizire pa rocker mikono, ndipo akanikizire pa valavu zimayambira.

Pogwiritsa ntchito makinawo, kulumikizana kwa kuzungulira kwa crankshaft ndi camshaft ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kusamuka pang'ono kwa mmodzi wa iwo kumabweretsa kuphwanya magawo ogawa gasi, omwe amakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito amagetsi.

Kanema: mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito makina ogawa gasi

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito njira yogawa gasi

Kuwonongeka kwa injini ya VAZ 2106 ndi zizindikiro zawo

Ziribe kanthu momwe injini ya "six" ili yodalirika, mwatsoka, nthawi zina imalephera. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, kuyambira kuphulika kwa banal kwa waya umodzi ndi kutha ndi kuvala kwa mbali za gulu la pistoni. Kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa kusagwira ntchito bwino, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zizindikiro zake.

Zizindikilo zomwe injini ya VAZ 2106 ikufunika kukonza zingakhale:

• kulephera kuyamba (kaya kozizira kapena kotentha);
• katatu, "kuyandama" liwiro, idling wosakhazikika;
• kuchepetsa mphamvu poyambira, pansi pa katundu;
• kutentha kwambiri;
• kuwoneka kwaphokoso lakunja (kugogoda, kuwomba);
• kusintha kwa mtundu wa utsi (utsi wandiweyani woyera kapena imvi).

Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa pano kuti chilichonse mwazizindikirozi sichingawonetse mwachindunji kusagwira bwino kwa node, makina kapena dongosolo, chifukwa chake, kuwunika kuyenera kuyandikira mozama, ndikuwunikanso zomwe mwatsimikiza.

Injini siyiyamba konse

Ngati, ndi batire yoyendetsedwa ndi choyambira chomwe chimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, gawo lamagetsi siliyamba ndipo "silikugwira", muyenera kuyang'ana:

• poyatsira koyilo;
• chosokoneza (sensor ya Hall, switch);
• slider ndi kulumikizana kwa chivundikiro cha distribuerar;
• mawaya apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi zikwama;
• kuthetheka pulagi;
• mafuta mpope;
• fyuluta pa carburetor mafuta kudya koyenera;
• valve yopanda kanthu.

Kusakhalapo kwa zizindikiro za moyo wa injini ndi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makina oyaka kapena magetsi. Ndi bwino kuyamba diagnostics poyatsira, "kulira" dera ndi tester, ndi kuona ngati pali voteji pa chinthu chilichonse. Chifukwa cha cheke chotere, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pali spark pa ma spark plugs pakuzungulira koyambira. Ngati palibe spark, muyenera kuyang'ana node iliyonse ya dongosolo.

Zambiri za spark pa VAZ 2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/zazhiganie/net-iskry-vaz-2106.html

Chofunikira pakuwunika dongosolo ndikumvetsetsa ngati mafuta afika pa carburetor komanso ngati alowa mu masilindala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulumikiza chitoliro cha pompu yamafuta kuchokera pa carburetor, ndikuyiyika mu chidebe china, ndikupukuta ndi choyambira. Ngati mafuta amalowa m'chombo, zonse zili bwino ndi mpope ndi fyuluta.

Kuti muwone carburetor, ndikwanira kuchotsa fyuluta ya mpweya ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba kuchokera pamenepo. Kenako, muyenera kukokera mwamphamvu chingwe chothamangitsira ndikuyang'ana m'chipinda chachiwiri. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuwona mtsinje wochepa kwambiri wamafuta womwe umalowetsedwa muzochulukira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pampu ya carburetor accelerator ikugwira ntchito bwino. Palibe chinyengo - carburetor iyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Zoyenera kuyang'ana valavu yopanda ntchito. Ngati italephera, injini sidzayamba. Kuti muwone, muyenera kumasula ku chivundikiro cha carburetor ndikudula waya wamagetsi. Kenako, valavu iyenera kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku ma terminals a batri. Pakulumikiza, kudina kwa magwiridwe antchito a electromagnet kuyenera kumveka bwino, ndipo ndodo ya chipangizocho iyenera kubwerera mmbuyo.

Kanema: chifukwa chiyani galimoto sikuyamba

Galimoto sinyamuka!

Injini ndi troit, pali kuphwanya idling

Vuto la gawo lamagetsi ndi kuphwanya kwa idling kungayambitsidwe ndi:

• kulephera kwa spark plugs imodzi kapena zingapo;
• kuwonongeka kwa waya wothamanga kwambiri;
• kuyatsa kulumikizana kwa chivundikiro cha distribuerar;
• kutseka kwa fyuluta yabwino yamafuta;
• kutsekeka kwa fyuluta pa cholowera cholowera cha carburetor;
• kusintha kolakwika kwa carburetor.

Monga momwe zinalili kale, apa ndi bwino kuyambitsa matenda ndi dongosolo loyatsira. Muyenera kuyang'ana nthawi yomweyo kutentha kwa maelekitirodi a makandulo ndikuyesa kukana kwa waya uliwonse wamagetsi apamwamba. Kenako, chivundikiro chogawa chimachotsedwa ndipo momwe amalumikizirana amawunikidwa. Pankhani ya kuwotcha, m'pofunika kuwayeretsa ku mwaye, kapena m'malo chivundikirocho.

Diagnostics wa fyuluta chabwino ikuchitika ndi kudziwa throughput ake, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Koma fyuluta ya carburetor iyenera kuchotsedwa pachivundikirocho, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, kuwomberedwa ndi mpweya wothinikizidwa.

Ngati pambuyo magawo awa diagnostics zizindikiro kukhalabe, m`pofunika kusintha kabureta, ndicho khalidwe la osakaniza ndi mlingo mafuta mu chipinda zoyandama.

Video: chifukwa injini VAZ 2106 troit

Chithunzi cha VAZ 2106

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini

Kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu zamagawo amagetsi kumabweretsa:

• kutseka kwa zosefera zabwino kapena carburetor;
• kusowa kwa pampu yamafuta;
• kusintha kolakwika kwa khalidwe la kusakaniza koyaka;
• kuphwanya nthawi ya valve;
• kusintha kolakwika kwa nthawi yoyatsira;
• kuvala kwa ziwalo zamagulu a pistoni.

Ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya injini, sitepe yoyamba ndikuwunika momwe dongosolo lamafuta limagwirira ntchito poyang'ana zosefera, pampu yamafuta ndikusintha mtundu wa osakaniza. Kenaka, muyenera kudziwa ngati zizindikiro za nthawi pa crankshaft ndi nyenyezi za camshaft zikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro za injini ndi camshaft. Ngati zonse zili mu dongosolo ndi iwo, sinthani nthawi yoyatsira potembenuza nyumba yogawa mbali imodzi kapena ina.

Ponena za gulu la pisitoni, pamene ziwalo zake zavala, kutaya mphamvu sikuwonekera momveka bwino komanso mofulumira. Kuti mudziwe chomwe pisitoni imayambitsa kutha kwa mphamvu, kuyeza kwa kuponderezana mu masilindala aliwonse kungathandize. Kwa VAZ 2106, zizindikiro za 10-12,5 kgf / cm zimaonedwa ngati zachilendo.². Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito injini ndi psinjika ya 9-10 kgf / cm², ngakhale kuti ziwerengero zoterezi zimasonyeza kuvala bwino kwa zinthu za gulu la pistoni.

Video: chifukwa chiyani mphamvu ya injini imachepetsedwa

Ndi carburetor? Ayi! Wothamanga wosweka !!!

Kutentha kwa injini

Kuphwanya malamulo otenthetsera magetsi kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi choyezera kutentha kwa kutentha. Ngati muvi wa chipangizocho nthawi zonse kapena nthawi ndi nthawi umasintha kukhala gawo lofiira, ichi ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kutenthedwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupitiriza kuyendetsa galimoto yomwe injini yake imakhala yotentha kwambiri, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kutentha kwa mutu wa silinda, komanso kupanikizana kwa magawo osuntha a magetsi.

Kuphwanya malamulo matenthedwe a galimoto kungakhale chifukwa cha:

• osakwanira refrigerant mlingo mu dongosolo;
• kutsekereza thermostat;
• kutsekereza (kutseka) kwa radiator yozizira;
• kuwonongeka kwa fan fan;
• kulephera kwa pampu yamadzimadzi.

Ngati zizindikiro za kutenthedwa zipezeka, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi mu thanki yokulitsa, ndikuwonjezera koziziritsa ngati kuli kofunikira. Mutha kudziwa momwe ma thermostat amagwirira ntchito ndi kutentha kwa mapaipi a radiator. Injini ikatentha, zonse ziyenera kutenthedwa. Ngati chitoliro cham'munsi chikutentha ndipo chitoliro chapamwamba chimakhala chozizira, ndiye kuti valavu ya thermostat imayikidwa pamalo otsekedwa, ndipo firiji imayenda mozungulira pang'ono, kudutsa radiator. Pankhaniyi, chipangizocho chiyenera kusinthidwa, chifukwa sichikhoza kukonzedwa. Patency ya radiator imawunikidwanso ndi kutentha kwa nozzles. Ngati chatsekeka, chotuluka pamwamba chimakhala chotentha ndipo pansi pamakhala kutentha kapena kuzizira.

Kuzizira kozizira pa VAZ 2106 nthawi zambiri kumayatsa pa kutentha kozizira kwa 97-99.⁰C. Ntchito yake imatsagana ndi phokoso lodziwika bwino lomwe chochititsa chidwicho chimatulutsa. Ikhoza kulephera pazifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo kukhudzana kosauka mu cholumikizira, kachipangizo kosweka, ndi kuwonongeka kwa galimoto yamagetsi yokha. Kuti muyese chipangizocho, ingolumikizani mauthenga ake mwachindunji ku batri.

Ndizovuta kudziwa kuti pampu yamadzimadzi yawonongeka popanda kuichotsa, chifukwa chake imayesedwa komaliza. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa chowongolera ndi kuvala kwa rotor.

Video: chifukwa chiyani injini imatenthedwa

Kutentha kwa injini, zomwe zimayambitsa kutenthedwa.

Phokoso lachilendo

Kugwira ntchito kwa mphamvu iliyonse kumayendera limodzi ndi phokoso lambiri, kotero katswiri yekha, ndipo ngakhale si aliyense, adzatha kusiyanitsa komwe kuli phokoso lachilendo komanso komwe kulipo. Kuti mudziwe "owonjezera" kugogoda, pali fonindoscopes galimoto yapadera kuti amakulolani mochulukira molondola kudziwa kumene iwo amachokera. Koma injini VAZ 2106, phokoso extraneous akhoza limatulutsa ndi:

• mavavu;
• zazikulu ndi zolumikizira ndodo zonyamula;
• mapepala a pistoni;
• timing chain drive.

Ma valve amapanga kugogoda kwakukulu komwe kumachokera ku chivundikiro cha valve. Amagogoda chifukwa cha kusintha kosayenera kwa malo otentha, kuvala kwa makamera a camshaft, ndi kufooka kwa akasupe a valve.

Zilonda zazikulu ndi zolumikizira zimapanga mawu ofanana. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi kuvala kwawo, chifukwa chake masewero pakati pawo ndi ndodo zolumikizira zimawonjezeka. Kuonjezera apo, kugogoda kungayambitsidwenso ndi kuchepa kwa mafuta.

Ma pistoni nthawi zambiri amalira. Chodabwitsa ichi nthawi zambiri chimayamba chifukwa cha kuphulika mkati mwa masilinda. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kolakwika kwa nthawi yoyatsira. Vuto lofananalo limathetsedwa pokhazikitsa choyatsira chamtsogolo.

Phokoso la unyolo wa nthawi limakhala ngati phokoso lalikulu kapena kulira, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwake kofooka kapena mavuto ndi damper. Kusintha damper kapena nsapato yake kudzakuthandizani kuchotsa phokoso lotere.

Video: kugunda kwa injini

Momwe mungadziwire ngati injini ikugogoda

Kusintha kwa mtundu wa utsi

Mwa mtundu, kusasinthasintha ndi fungo la mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, munthu amatha kuweruza momwe injiniyo ilili. Chigawo chamagetsi chogwiritsidwa ntchito chimakhala ndi chotulutsa choyera, chopepuka komanso chowoneka bwino. Amamva kununkhira kwa petulo wopsereza basi. Kusintha kwa njirazi kukuwonetsa kuti galimoto ili ndi mavuto.

Utsi woyera wokhuthala kuchokera ku chitoliro cha utsi womwe uli pansi pa katundu umasonyeza kuyaka kwa mafuta mu masilindala a magetsi. Ndipo ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mphete za pistoni zomwe zatha. Mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti mphetezo zakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena "gona pansi", poyang'ana nyumba zosefera mpweya. Ngati mafuta alowa mu masilindala, amakanikizidwa kudzera mu mpweya mu "poto", pomwe amakhazikika ngati emulsion. Kuwonongeka kofananako kumathandizidwa ndikusintha mphete za pistoni.

Koma utsi wonyezimira wonyezimira ukhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mavuto ena. Chifukwa chake, pakagwa kuwonongeka (kuwotcha) kwa silinda yamutu wa gasket, choziziritsa chimalowa mu masilindala, pomwe chimasanduka nthunzi woyera pakuyaka. Pankhaniyi, utsi udzakhala ndi fungo lachibadwa la ozizira.

Kanema: chifukwa chiyani utsi woyera umachokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya

Troit galimoto ndikugogoda utsi woyera ndicho chifukwa.

Kukonza mphamvu wagawo VAZ 2106

Kukonza injini "zisanu ndi chimodzi", zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusintha mbali za gulu la pistoni, zimatheka bwino zitatha kuchotsedwa m'galimoto. Pankhaniyi, gearbox sangathe kuchotsedwa.

Kuchotsa injini ya VAZ 2106

Ngakhale mutachotsa zomata zonse, kukoka injini pamanja mu chipinda cha injini sikungagwire ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kuti mumalize ntchitoyi, mudzafunika garaja yokhala ndi dzenje lowonera komanso cholumikizira chamagetsi. Kuwonjezera pa izo, mudzafunika:

• seti ya screwdrivers ndi wrenches;
• zotengera zosonkhanitsira zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi mafuta;
• chizindikiro;
• mabulangete angapo akale (kuteteza utoto wa galimoto pamene injini ikuchotsedwa).

Kuchotsa motere:

1. Yendetsani galimoto mu dzenje lowonera.
2. Kwezani hood, jambulani ma canopies mozungulira mizere ndi cholembera. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mukamayika hood, musakhale ndi mipata.
   

   Kuti musakhale ndi mipata pakuyika hood, muyenera kuzungulira ma canopies ndi cholembera.
3. Kumasula mtedza kuteteza nyumbayo, chotsani.
4. Sambani zoziziritsa kwathunthu.
   

   Madzi ozizira ayenera kutsanulidwa kuchokera ku radiator ndi silinda block.
5. Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver, masulani zingwe za mapaipi a dongosolo lozizira. Chotsani mapaipi onse.
   

   Kuti muchotse mapaipi, muyenera kumasula ma clamps
6. Chotsani mizere yamafuta mwanjira yomweyo.
   

   Ma hoses amatetezedwanso ndi ma clamps.
7. Lumikizani mawaya apamwamba kwambiri kuchokera ku spark plugs ndi kapu yogawa.
8. Pambuyo pomasula mtedza awiriwo, sungani chitoliro cha utsi kuchokera ku utsi wambiri.
   

   Kuti muchotse chitolirocho, masulani mtedzawo
9. Lumikizani batire, chotsani ndikuyiyika pambali.
10. Chotsani mtedza atatu otetezera choyambitsa, chotsani mawaya. Chotsani choyambira.
    

    Choyambira chimamangirizidwa ndi mtedza atatu
11. Tsegulani mabawuti okweza ma gearbox apamwamba (ma PC atatu).
    

    Gearbox imayikidwa pamwamba ndi mabawuti atatu.
12. Lumikizani mpweya ndi throttle actuators ku carburetor.
    

    Kuchokera pa carburetor, muyenera kulumikiza ma air ndi throttle actuators
13. Mukatsikira mu dzenje loyang'anira, thyolani silinda ya kapolo wa clutch.
    

    Kuchotsa silinda, muyenera dismantle kasupe
14. Chotsani mabawuti awiri apansi a gearbox-to-injini.
    

    Pansi pa gearbox ndi otetezedwa ndi mabawuti awiri.
15. Chotsani mtedza kuti muteteze chivundikiro choteteza (4 ma PC).
    

    Chophimbacho chimakhazikika pa mtedza anayi
16. Masulani mtedza utatuwo kuti muteteze makina opangira magetsi pazothandizira.
    

    Injini imayikidwa pazithandizo zitatu
17. Mangirirani bwino maunyolo okwera (malamba) a hoist ku injini.
18. Phimbani zotchingira kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo ndi zofunda zakale (kuti musakanda utoto).
19. Mosamala kwezani injini ndi hoist.
    

    Musanayambe kuchotsa injini, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zomangira zili zotetezeka.
20. Tengani galimoto pambali ndikuyiyika pansi kapena tebulo.

Momwe mungasinthire makutu

Pamene injini imachotsedwa m'galimoto, mukhoza kuyamba kuikonza. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zoikamo. Kuti muwalowetse, muyenera:

1. Chotsani pulagi yopopera mafuta pa poto yamafuta ndi hex wrench.
   

   Pulagi imachotsedwa ndi hexagon
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 10, masulani mabawuti onse khumi ndi awiri mozungulira mozungulira phale. Chotsani poto ndi gasket.
   

   Pallet imapangidwa ndi ma bolt 10
3. Chotsani carburetor ndi poyatsira distribuerar.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya 10mm, chotsani mtedza wa ma valve asanu ndi atatu. Chotsani chivundikirocho ndi gasket.
   

   Chophimba cha valve chimakonzedwa ndi mtedza asanu ndi atatu.
5. Pogwiritsa ntchito spudger kapena chisel, pindani chochapira chomwe chimatchinjiriza bawuti ya nyenyezi ya camshaft.
   

   Kuti mutulutse bawuti, muyenera kupinda washer
6. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 17, masulani bolt ya nyenyezi ya camshaft. Chotsani nyenyezi ndi unyolo.
7. Chotsani mtedza uwiriwo ndikutchinjiriza cholumikizira tcheni ndi 10 wrench.
   

   The tensioner wotetezedwa ndi mtedza awiri
8. Pogwiritsa ntchito socket wrench 13, masulani mtedza XNUMX kuti muteteze bedi la camshaft. Chotsani bedi.
   

   Kuchotsa bedi, muyenera kumasula mtedza zisanu ndi zinayi
9. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 14, masulani mtedza kuti muteteze zipewa zolumikizira ndodo. Chotsani zophimba ndi zoyikapo.
   

   Chivundikiro chilichonse chimatetezedwa ndi mtedza awiri.
10. Chotsani ndodo zolumikizira, chotsani ma liner kuchokera kwa iwo.
11. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 17, masulani mabawuti pazipewa zazikulu zonyamula.
    

    Chophimbacho chimamangiriridwa ndi zomangira ziwiri.
12. Chotsani zophimba, chotsani mphete
13. Chotsani zipolopolo zazikulu zokhala ndi zophimba ndi cylinder block.
    

    Zoyikapo zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi aluminium alloy
14. Chotsani crankshaft.
    

    Tsinde liyenera kutsukidwa ndi mafuta potsuka mu palafini
15. Muzimutsuka shaft mu palafini, pukutani ndi youma woyera nsalu.
16. Ikani ma bearings atsopano ndi ma thrust washers.
17. Phatikizani zolemba zazikulu ndi zolumikizira za crankshaft ndi mafuta a injini, kenaka yikani shaft mu block ya silinda.
18. Ikani zipewa zazikulu zonyamulira ndikutetezedwa ndi zomangira. Mangitsani mabawuti ndi torque wrench mpaka 68,3-83,3 Nm.
19. Ikani ndodo zolumikizira ndi ma bere atsopano pa crankshaft. Akonzeni ndi mtedza. Limbani mtedza mpaka 43,3-53,3 Nm.
20. Sonkhanitsani injini motsatira dongosolo.

Kusintha kwa mphete zopondereza ndi zowotcha mafuta za pistoni

Kuti mulowetse mphete za pistoni, mudzafunika zida zomwezo, komanso vise ndi mandrel apadera opangira pistoni. Ntchito yokonza iyenera kuchitika motere:

1. Chotsani injini molingana ndi p.p. 1-10 ya malangizo akale.
2. Kankhirani ma pistoni imodzi ndi imodzi kuchokera pazitsulo za silinda pamodzi ndi ndodo zolumikizira.
   

   Ma pistoni ayenera kuchotsedwa pamodzi ndi ndodo zolumikizira.
3. Gwirani ndodo yolumikizira mu vice, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito screwdriver yopyapyala kuchotsa mphete ziwiri zopopera mafuta pa pistoni. Chitani izi pama pistons onse.
   

   Pistoni iliyonse ili ndi mphete zitatu
4. Tsukani ma pistoni ku mwaye.
5. Ikani mphete zatsopano, kuwongolera maloko awo ku zotuluka m'mizere.
6. Pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel, ikani ma pistoni okhala ndi mphete mu silinda.
   

   Ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa ma pistoni pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel
7. Sonkhanitsani injini motsatira dongosolo.

Kukonza pampu yamafuta

Kuti muchotse ndi kukonza pampu yamafuta, muyenera:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 13, masulani mabawuti awiri oyika pampu.
   

   Pompo imagwiridwa ndi mabawuti awiri.
2. Chotsani chipangizocho pamodzi ndi gasket.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 10, masulani mabawuti atatu kuti muteteze chitoliro cholowetsa mafuta.
   

   Chitolirocho chimamangirizidwa ndi mabawuti atatu
4. Chotsani valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga.
   

   Valve imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti isunge kupanikizika mu dongosolo
5. Chotsani chivundikiro cha pampu.
6. Chotsani ma drive ndi zida zoyendetsedwa.
   

   Magiya asamawonetse zizindikiro zakutha kapena kuwonongeka.
7. Yang'anani mbali za mpope, fufuzani momwe zilili. Ngati nyumba, chivundikiro kapena magiya ali ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa makina, m'malo mwa zinthu zolakwika.
8. Chotsani chophimba chotengera mafuta.
   

   Ngati mauna ndi akuda, ayenera kutsukidwa kapena kusinthidwa.
9. Sonkhanitsani chipangizocho motsatira dongosolo.

Kudzikonzanso kwa injini ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, koma osati kwambiri kotero kuti siyenera kuthana nayo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuyamba, ndiyeno inu nokha mudzazindikira chomwe chiri.