UAZ

Zamkatimu FounderEmblemHistory of UAZ cars Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant (chidule cha UAZ) ndi bizinesi yamagalimoto ya Sollers. Katswiriyu cholinga chake ndi kuika patsogolo kupanga magalimoto apamsewu okhala ndi mawilo onse, magalimoto, ndi ma minibus. Chiyambi cha mbiri ya UAZ inayambira mu nthawi za Soviet, zomwe ndi nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, pamene asilikali a Germany anaukira m'dera la USSR, adaganiza zochotsa mwachangu mabungwe akuluakulu opanga zinthu, omwe anali otsogolera. Chomera cha Stalin (ZIS). Anaganiza zochoka ku ZIS ku Moscow kupita ku mzinda wa Ulyanovsk, kumene posakhalitsa anayamba kupanga zipolopolo za ndege za Soviet. Ndipo mu 1942, magalimoto angapo ankhondo a ZIS 5 anali atapangidwa kale, magalimoto ena ambiri, komanso kupanga magulu amagetsi kunayambitsidwanso. Pa June 22, 1943, akuluakulu a boma la Soviet anaganiza zopanga Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. Kwa chitukuko chake, gawo lalikulu la gawolo linaperekedwa. M'chaka chomwecho, galimoto yoyamba, yotchedwa UlZIS 253, idagubuduza kuchokera pamzere wa msonkhano. Mu 1954, Dipatimenti ya Chief Designer inalengedwa, poyamba ikugwira ntchito ndi zolemba zaluso za GAZ. Ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri, boma linalamula kuti apange ntchito zamitundu yatsopano yamagalimoto. Tekinoloje yatsopano idapangidwa yomwe palibe kampani ina yamagalimoto yomwe ili nayo. Tekinolojeyi inkaphatikizapo kuyika kabati pamwamba pa mphamvu yamagetsi, zomwe zinathandizira kuti thupi liwonjezeke, pamene kutalika kwake kumasungidwa pamalo omwewo. Chomwecho mu 1956, chochitika china chofunikira chinaperekedwa - kulowa mumsika, kupyolera mu kutumiza magalimoto ku mayiko ena. Mitundu yazopangira idakulitsa kwambiri, chomeracho chimadziwika pakupanga ma ambulansi ndi maveni, kuphatikiza magalimoto. Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 60, funso lidayamba lakukulitsa ogwira ntchito komanso kuthekera kopindulitsa kwambiri pakukweza magalimoto. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 70, kupanga kunakula, komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kupanga ndi mitundu ingapo. Ndipo mu 1974, chitsanzo choyesera cha galimoto yamagetsi chinapangidwa. Mu 1992, chomeracho chidasinthidwa kukhala kampani yolumikizana. Panthawi imeneyi ya chitukuko chake, UAZ ndiye wopanga magalimoto aku Russia. Amadziwika ngati wopanga wamkulu waku Russia kuyambira 2015. Akupitirizabe zina chitukuko kupanga magalimoto. Woyambitsa Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant analengedwa ndi boma la Soviet. Chizindikiro Mtundu wa laconic wa chizindikirocho, komanso mawonekedwe ake a chrome, akuwonetsa minimalism ndi zamakono. Chizindikiro chomwecho chimapangidwa mozungulira ngati bwalo lokhala ndi chitsulo, mkati ndi mbali zake, pali mapiko osokedwa. Pansi pa chizindikirocho pali mawu akuti UAZ mumitundu yobiriwira komanso mawonekedwe apadera. Ichi ndiye logo ya kampani. Chizindikirocho chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa mapiko a chiwombankhanga chonyada. Izi zikuwonetsa kufunitsitsa kunyamuka kupita mmwamba. Mbiri ya magalimoto a UAZ Galimoto yoyamba kugubuduza pamzere wa msonkhano ndi galimoto ya matani ambiri UlZIS 253 mu 1944. Galimotoyi inali ndi mphamvu ya dizilo. Kugwa kwa 1947, galimoto yoyamba ya matani 1,5 a UAZ AA model inapangidwa. Kumapeto kwa 1954 chitsanzo UAZ 69 kuwonekera koyamba kugulu. Malingana ndi galimotoyo ya chitsanzo ichi, chitsanzo cha UAZ 450 chokhala ndi thupi limodzi chinapangidwa. Baibulo lotembenuzidwa mu mawonekedwe a galimoto ukhondo amatchedwa UAZ 450 A. Patapita zaka zisanu, UAZ 450 V analengedwa ndi kutulutsa, amene anali basi-mipando 11. Panalinso mtundu wotembenuzidwa wa UAZ 450 D flatbed truck, yomwe inali ndi kanyumba kokhalamo anthu awiri. Mitundu yonse yosinthidwa kuchokera ku UAZ 450 A inalibe khomo lakumbuyo kumbuyo kwa galimoto, kupatula apo inali UAZ 450 V. Mu 1960, UAZ 460 kunja kwa msewu galimoto anapangidwa. Ubwino wa galimotoyo anali chimango cha spar ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yamtundu wa GAZ 21. Chaka chotsatira, galimoto yonyamula kumbuyo kwa UAZ 451 D, komanso galimoto yonyamula 451, idapangidwa. Kukula kwa mtundu waukhondo wamagalimoto omwe amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi chisanu chozama mpaka madigiri -60 kukuchitika. Mitundu ya 450/451 D posakhalitsa idasinthidwa ndi mtundu watsopano wagalimoto yopepuka ya UAZ 452 D. Makhalidwe akuluakulu a galimotoyo anali 4-stroke power unit, cab ya mipando iwiri, ndi thupi lopangidwa ndi matabwa. 1974 sanali chaka cha UAZ zokolola, komanso chilengedwe cha ntchito nzeru kupanga experimental galimoto yamagetsi chitsanzo U131. Chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zomwe zinapangidwa zinali zazing'ono - 5 mayunitsi. Galimotoyo inalengedwa pamaziko a galimotoyo kuchokera ku chitsanzo cha 452. Mphamvu ya asynchronous inali ndi magawo atatu, ndipo batire inali yopitilira theka pasanathe ola limodzi. 1985 imadziwika ndi kumasulidwa kwa chitsanzo cha 3151, chomwe chili ndi deta yabwino. Komanso chochititsa chidwi anali wamphamvu wagawo mphamvu ndi liwiro la 120 Km / h. Jaguar kapena chitsanzo cha UAZ 3907 chinali ndi thupi lapadera lokhala ndi zitseko zotsekedwa. Kusiyana kwapadera ndi magalimoto ena onse kunali pulojekiti ya galimoto yankhondo yoyandama m'madzi. Mtundu wosinthidwa wa 31514 udawona dziko lapansi mu 1992, wokhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kunja kwa galimoto. Mtundu wa Bars kapena 3151 yamakono idatulutsidwa mu 1999. Panalibe kusintha kwapadera, kupatulapo pang'ono kusinthidwa kapangidwe galimoto, popeza anali yaitali, ndi mphamvu unit. Mtundu wa Hunter SUV unalowa m'malo mwa 3151 mu 2003. Ngolo yamasiteshoni yokhala ndi nsalu pamwamba (yoyambirira inali ndi chitsulo pamwamba). Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zaposachedwa ndi Patriot, yomwe ili ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje atsopano. Zomwe zimapangidwira komanso luso laukadaulo zimasiyanitsa momveka bwino ndi mitundu ya UAZ yomwe idatulutsidwa kale. Pamaziko a chitsanzo ichi, chitsanzo cha Cargo chinatulutsidwa. UAZ sikuletsa chitukuko chake. Monga m'modzi mwa opanga magalimoto aku Russia, amapanga magalimoto apamwamba komanso odalirika. Osati zitsanzo zambiri za makampani ena magalimoto akhoza kudzitama kuti durability ndi moyo utumiki wa magalimoto monga UAZ, popeza magalimoto m'zaka zimenezo akadali ambiri ntchito.