Dongosolo la kukhazikika kwa mtengo wosinthira - ndi chiyani mgalimoto
Kuyambira 2010, ku Israel, America ndi EU, zakhala zovomerezeka kupatsa magalimoto ogulitsidwa ndi dongosolo lokhazikika. Imatchedwa imodzi mwazinthu zothandizira chitetezo, chifukwa zimathandizira kupewa kutsetsereka chifukwa mapulogalamu apakompyuta amawongolera nthawi yozungulira gudumu.
Dalaivala aliyense kuyambira nthawi yophunzira kusukulu yoyendetsa galimoto amadziwa kuti ndizosatheka kulowa munjira yothamanga kwambiri. Ngati mwasankha kusuntha koteroko, ndiye kuti galimotoyo idzadumpha, ndi zotsatira zake zonse: kuyendetsa mumsewu ukubwera, kugubuduza, kuyendetsa mu dzenje, kugundana ndi zopinga monga zizindikiro za msewu, magalimoto ena kapena mipanda.
Choopsa chachikulu chomwe chikuyembekezera dalaivala nthawi iliyonse ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal. Ilo likulondolera mbali yosiyana ndi kutembenuka. Ndiye kuti, ngati mukufuna kutembenukira kumanja pa liwiro, ndiye kuti ndi mwayi waukulu, mutha kunena kuti galimotoyo idzasunthira kumanzere kwa njira yomwe mukufuna. Choncho, mwini galimoto novice ayenera kuphunzira kuganizira kukula kwa galimoto yake ndi kusankha mulingo woyenera kwambiri kutembenukira njira.
Dongosolo la kukhazikika kwa mtengo wakusinthana limangopangidwa kuti liwongolere kayendedwe ka makina muzochitika zomwe zingakhale zoopsa. Chifukwa cha iye, galimotoyo ikuwoneka bwino m'njira yoyenera kwambiri pazomwe zaperekedwa.
Chipangizo ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko yokhazikika yosinthira ndalama
Dongosololi, lomwe limatchedwanso kuti dynamic stabilization system, ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri masiku ano. Ngati magalimoto onse popanda kupatula anali ndi izo, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha ngozi m'misewu chikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.
Zoyamba zoyamba zidawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, ndipo kuyambira 1995, dongosolo la ESP (Electronic Stability Program) lakhazikitsidwa pamagalimoto ambiri opanga ku Europe ndi America.
ESP ili ndi:
- masensa olowera;
- gawo loyang'anira;
- chipangizo chothandizira - hydraulic unit.
Masensa olowetsa amawongolera magawo osiyanasiyana: chiwongolero chowongolera, kuthamanga kwa brake, kuthamanga kwautali ndi lateral, kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kuthamanga kwa gudumu.
Chigawo chowongolera chimasanthula magawo onsewa. Pulogalamuyi imatha kupanga chisankho mu 20 milliseconds (1 millisecond ndi chikwi chimodzi cha sekondi). Ndipo ngati vuto lingakhale loopsa, chipikacho chimatumiza malamulo kwa actuator, yomwe imatha:
- chepetsani mawilo amodzi kapena onse powonjezera kuthamanga kwa ma brake system;
- sintha makokedwe a injini;
- zimakhudza mbali ya kuzungulira kwa mawilo;
- kusintha mlingo wa damping wa shock absorbers.
Kuphatikiza pa zonsezi, ESP imatha kuyanjana ndi machitidwe ena otetezera:
- anti-lock mabuleki;
- loko losiyana;
- kugawa mphamvu za braking;
- anti-slip.
Nthawi zambiri momwe njira yosinthira kukhazikika kwamitengo ikuyamba kugwira ntchito. Ngati dongosolo likuwona kuti magawo oyendayenda amasiyana ndi omwe amawerengedwa, chisankhocho chimapangidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Mwachitsanzo, dalaivala, akulowa munjira, sanatembenuzire chiwongolero chokwanira, sanachedwetse kapena osasintha kupita ku gear yomwe mukufuna. Pachifukwa ichi, mawilo akumbuyo adzaphwanyika ndipo kusintha kofananako kwa torque kudzachitika.
Ngati dalaivala, m'malo mwake, anatembenuza chiwongolero kwambiri, gudumu lakutsogolo lomwe lili kunja limatha pang'onopang'ono (potembenukira kumanja - kumanzere kumanzere) ndi kuwonjezeka panthawi imodzi ya mphamvu - chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu. , kudzakhala kotheka kukhazikika galimotoyo ndikuipulumutsa ku skidding.
Dziwani kuti madalaivala odziwa nthawi zina amazimitsa ESP pamene zimawalepheretsa kusonyeza luso lawo lonse, mwachitsanzo, amafuna kuyendetsa mumsewu wa chipale chofewa ndi skids ndi slips. Business, monga iwo amati, master's. Komanso, potuluka skid pa njanji chipale chofewa, muyenera kutembenuzira chiwongolero ku mbali ya skid, ndiye mwamphamvu kutembenukira mbali ina ndi kuponda pa mpweya. Zamagetsi sizingakulole kuchita zimenezo. Mwamwayi, ESP ikhoza kuzimitsidwa kwa madalaivala othamanga awa.
Sitingalimbikitse kuchita izi, chifukwa dongosolo lokhazikika lokhazikika nthawi zambiri limapulumutsa oyendetsa ku zochitika zadzidzidzi.
Kanema wamakina owongolera kukhazikika kwamagalimoto VSC ndi EPS.
Tikutsegula...
