Kuyang'ana majekeseni a petulo kuchokera ku A mpaka Z

Injector yamafuta imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pokonzekera kusakaniza kwa petulo ndi mpweya, potengera kuchuluka kwake, komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakadali pano - atomization yapamwamba kwambiri. Izi ndi zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kuthekera kosafikirika kwa injini pankhani yakuchita bwino komanso chiyero cha utsi.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya jekeseni nozzle

Monga lamulo, ma injectors a electromagnetic amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini za petulo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kayendedwe ka mafuta ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi makina oyendetsa injini (ECM).

Kuthamanga mu mawonekedwe a voltage kulumpha kumalowa m'mphepete mwa solenoid, zomwe zimayambitsa magnetization ya ndodo yomwe ili mkati mwake ndi kayendetsedwe kake mkati mwa mapiritsi a cylindrical.

Vavu yopopera imalumikizidwa ndi tsinde mwamakani. Mafuta, omwe ali mu njanji pansi pa kukakamizidwa koyendetsedwa bwino, amayamba kuyenda kudzera mu valve kupita kumalo otsekemera, amamwazikana bwino ndikusakanikirana ndi mpweya wolowa mu silinda.

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta amtundu umodzi wa ntchito kumatsimikiziridwa ndi nthawi yonse ya kutsegulira kwa valve.

zonse - chifukwa valavu imatha kutsegula ndi kutseka kangapo pa kuzungulira. Izi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa ntchito bwino injini pa osakaniza kwambiri Taphunzira.

Mwachitsanzo, kusakaniza kochepa kolemera kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambitsa kuyaka, ndiyeno kusakaniza kochepetsetsa kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga kuyaka ndi kupereka chuma chomwe mukufuna.

Chifukwa chake, jekeseni wabwino amakhala gawo laukadaulo, lomwe zofunikira zapamwamba komanso nthawi zina zotsutsana zimayikidwa.

1. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kumafuna misa yotsika ndi inertia ya magawo, koma nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kutseka kodalirika kwa valavu, komwe kudzafuna masika obwerera amphamvu okwanira. Koma nayenso, kuti aphimbe, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito khama lalikulu, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera kukula ndi mphamvu ya solenoid.
2. Kuchokera pamagetsi, kufunikira kwa mphamvu kudzawonjezera inductance ya coil, yomwe idzachepetsa liwiro.
3. Mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono ndi inductance yotsika idzachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa koyilo, izi zidzawonjezera mavuto ndi makiyi amagetsi omwe ali mu ECM.
4. Kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi katundu wosunthika pa valavu zimasokoneza kapangidwe kake, kosagwirizana ndi kuphatikizika kwake komanso kulimba kwake. Pankhaniyi, njira za hydrodynamic mu atomizer ziyenera kupereka kufalikira komwe kumafunikira komanso kukhazikika pamtundu wonse wa kutentha.

Ma jekeseni ali ndi kuthamanga kolondola kwa kuthamanga komwe kumaperekedwa pakati pa njanji ndi ma intake. Popeza dosing ikuchitika kokha ndi nthawi yotseguka, kuchuluka kwa jekeseni ya petulo sikuyenera kudalira china chilichonse.

Ngakhale kuti kulondola kofunikira sikungakwaniritsidwebe, ndipo phokoso la ndemanga limagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera zizindikiro za sensa ya okosijeni mu chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya. Koma ili ndi mawonekedwe ocheperako ogwirira ntchito, ikatuluka pomwe dongosolo limasokonekera, ndipo ECM iwonetsa cholakwika (Chongani) pa dashboard.

Zizindikiro za kusokonekera kwa majekeseni a injini ya mafuta

Pali mavuto awiri wamba jekeseni - kuphwanya kachulukidwe zikuchokera osakaniza ndi kupotoza mawonekedwe a kutsitsi ndege. Chotsatiracho chimachepetsanso ubwino wa mapangidwe osakaniza.

Popeza kusungidwa kwabwino kwa kapangidwe ka osakaniza poyambitsa injini yozizira ndikofunikira kwambiri, mavuto omwe ali ndi majekeseni amawonekera bwino kwambiri mwanjira iyi.

Injector imatha "kusefukira" pamene valavu silingathe kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya mafuta ndipo kusakaniza kolemera kwambiri kumakana kuyatsa, ndipo makandulo amaponyedwa ndi mafuta mumadzimadzi. Injini yotereyi siyingayambike popanda kuyeretsa ndi mpweya wowonjezera.

Okonzawo amaperekanso njira yapadera yowomba makandulo, yomwe muyenera kuyimitsa chowongolera chowongolera ndikutembenuza injini ndi choyambira, pomwe mafuta atsekedwa kwathunthu. Koma ngakhale izi sizingathandize pamene nozzle chatsekedwa sichigwira ntchito.

Kusauka kwa atomization kungayambitse kusakaniza kowonda. Mphamvu ya injini idzatsika, mphamvu zowonjezera zidzachepa, kuwonongeka kwa ma cylinders pawokha kumatheka, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti nyali pa chida choyatsa.

Kupatuka kulikonse pakuphatikizidwa kwa osakaniza, kuphatikiza chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwake kwa homogenization, kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwamafuta. Sikuti izi zikutanthauza kusakaniza kolemera kwambiri, wowonda amakhudzanso chimodzimodzi, chifukwa mphamvu yonse ya injini idzachepa.

Kuphulika kumatha kuchitika, kumatuluka muulamuliro wamafuta ndipo chosinthira chothandizira chidzagwa, ma pops amawonekera muzochulukira kapena muffler. Injini idzafunika kuwunika mwachangu.

Njira zoyesera jekeseni

Zovuta kwambiri zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikiritsa matenda, momwe mungadziwire zomwe zimayambitsa zomwe zidachitika ndikudziwitsani njira zoyenera zothetsera vutoli.

Kuwunika mphamvu

Njira yosavuta yowongolera ma pulse omwe akufika pa cholumikizira chojambulira ndikulumikiza chizindikiro cha LED pakulumikizana kwake.

Yang'anani chizindikiro kwa majekeseni!

Pamene shaft ikuzunguliridwa ndi choyambira, LED iyenera kuwunikira, zomwe zimasonyeza pafupifupi thanzi la makiyi a ECM ndi zenizeni za kuyesa kwake kutsegula ma valve, ngakhale kuti ma pulse omwe akubwera sangakhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira.

Ndi oscilloscope yokha ndi simulator yonyamula katundu zomwe zingapereke chidziwitso cholondola.

Momwe mungayesere kukana

Chikhalidwe chogwira cha katundu chikhoza kufufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ohmmeter, yomwe ili gawo la multimeter (tester). Kukana kwa mafunde a solenoid kumawonetsedwa mu data ya pasipoti ya nozzle, komanso kufalikira kwake.

Kuwerenga kwa ohmmeter kuyenera kutsimikizira kufanana kwa data. Kukaniza kumayesedwa ndi cholumikizira cholumikizidwa pakati pa kukhudzana ndi mphamvu ndi mlandu.

Koma kuwonjezera pa kukana, kupukuta kuyenera kupereka chinthu chofunika kwambiri komanso kusowa kwa kutembenuka kwafupipafupi, komwe sikungadziwike ndi njira zosavuta, koma dera lotseguka kapena lathunthu likhoza kuwerengedwa.

Kuyendera pa ma ramps

Ngati muchotsa msonkhano wa njanji ndi ma nozzles kuchokera pamitundu yambiri, mutha kuyesa momwe ma atomizer alili molondola. Mwa kumiza jekeseni aliyense mu chubu chowonekera choyesera ndikuyatsa choyambira, mutha kuwona momwe mafuta akuchulukira.

Zounikira ziyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, okhala ndi madontho a petulo okha omwe samadziwika ndi maso, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri, akhale ofanana ndi ma nozzles onse olumikizidwa. Popanda mphamvu zowongolera, pasakhale kutulutsa mafuta kuchokera ku mavavu.

Kuyang'ana majekeseni pa stand

Zambiri zolondola komanso zathunthu zokhudzana ndi momwe ma atomizer alili atha kuperekedwa ndi kuyika kwapadera. Majekeseni amachotsedwa mu injini ndikuyika pa choyimira.

Chipangizocho chili ndi njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito, imodzi mwazomwe ndi kuyesa. Kuyikako kumayendetsa njinga m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kusonkhanitsa mafuta omwe aperekedwa ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito ya ma jekeseni imawonekera kudzera pamakoma owonekera a masilindala; ndizotheka kuwunika magawo a nyali.

Chotsatiracho chidzakhala maonekedwe a ziwerengero zogwirira ntchito padera pa chipangizo chilichonse, chomwe chiyenera kugwirizana ndi deta ya pasipoti.

Momwe mungayeretsere nokha chodyera mafuta

Choyimira chomwecho chili ndi ntchito yoyeretsa nozzle. Koma ngati mungafune, izi zitha kuchitika mu garaja. Madzi oyeretsera oyeretsera ndi chipangizo chosavuta chopangidwa kuchokera ku njira zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyika kopangidwa kunyumba ndi pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imayikidwa m'chombo chokhala ndi chotsukira chojambulira. Bokosi lochokera papampu limalumikizidwa ndi cholowera cha nozzle, ndipo cholumikizira chake champhamvu chimayendetsedwa ndi batire kudzera pa batani lopumira la microswitch.

Poyendetsa mobwerezabwereza madzi omwe ali ndi zosungunulira zamphamvu zamtengo wapatali kudzera mu atomizer, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kubwezeretsa kwakukulu kwa mankhwala opopera a chipangizocho, chomwe chidzamveka bwino kuchokera ku kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a nyali.

Dziyeseni nokha kuyeretsa ma nozzles. Zopanga tomwe zimayimira kuyeretsa nozzles

Bulu lomwe silingatsukidwe liyenera kusinthidwa, chilema chake sichimalumikizidwa nthawi zonse ndi kuipitsidwa, dzimbiri kapena kuvala kwamakina ndikotheka.

Kuyeretsa jekeseni popanda kuchotsa mu injini

Ndizotheka kuyeretsa jekeseni popanda kusokoneza mayunitsi a jekeseni. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, madzi oyeretsera (zosungunulira) amalola injini kugwira ntchito panthawi yothamanga.

Zosungunulira za sediment zimaperekedwa kuchokera kumalo osungirako osiyana, mafakitale kapena opangidwa kunyumba, mpaka pamzere woponderezedwa wa rampu. Kusakaniza kowonjezera kumabwerera ku tanki yoperekera kudzera pamzere wobwerera.

Kupukusa jakisoni osachotsa ndi dzanja. Momwe mungayambitsire jakisoni wa LAVR ML101

Njirayi ili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Ubwino udzakhala kusungirako pamisonkhano ndi disassembly, komanso ndalama zosapeŵeka za zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zigawo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinthu zina zidzatsukidwanso, monga ma valve ogawa gasi, njanji ndi chowongolera chowongolera. Mwaye udzachotsedwanso ku pistoni ndi chipinda choyaka moto.

Choyipacho chidzakhala chosakwanira cha yankho, chomwe chimakakamizika kuphatikiza katundu woyeretsa ndi ntchito zamafuta, komanso kuopsa kwina kwa njirayi, pamene slag yotsuka imadutsa muzinthu zamafuta ndikulowa mumafuta. Sizingakhale zophweka kwa chothandizira.

Kusokoneza kwina kudzakhalanso kusowa kwa kuyang'anira koyang'anira pa kuyeretsa. Zotsatira zimatha kuweruzidwa ndi zizindikiro zosalunjika. Choncho, njira iyi ikhoza kulangizidwa ngati njira yodzitetezera ndi kusintha kovomerezeka kwa mafuta mu injini.