Chifukwa chiyani mluzu umamveka mukanikizira brake komanso momwe mungakonzere

Malinga ndi stereotype yomwe ilipo, mpweya wokhawokha womwe umathawitsidwa ndi kutayikira kwa zida zamapneumatic ungathe kuyimba. Zowonadi, mabuleki amagalimoto ndi mabasi akulu amalira mokweza chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma pneumatic actuators, koma magalimoto ali ndi ma hydraulic brakes. Komabe, palinso magwero a mawu otere, olumikizidwa ndi vacuum amplifier.

Zifukwa za kuwomba

Maonekedwe a phokosoli akhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha ntchito yanthawi zonse ya vacuum brake booster (VUT), komanso kusagwira ntchito bwino. Kusiyana kuli m'ma nuances, ndipo kuwunikira kumafuna diagnostics. Ndi zophweka, mukhoza kuchita nokha.

Kuchita mwakachetechete kwa VUT ndikotheka, koma palibe chifukwa choti opanga aziyesetsa kuchita izi nthawi zonse. Njira zodziwika bwino ndikutsekereza phokoso la chipinda cha injini pomwe amplifier ilipo, komanso kumaliza kapangidwe kake kuti muchepetse kumveka kwa mpweya womwe ukuyenda mopanikizika.

Zonsezi zimawonjezera mtengo wa unit ndi galimoto yonse, kotero kuti magalimoto a bajeti ali ndi ufulu woyimba pang'ono pamene mukukakamiza mabuleki.

VUT ili ndi diaphragm yotanuka yomwe imagawaniza zipinda ziwiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ali pansi pa kupanikizika koipa kwa mumlengalenga. Pazifukwa izi, vacuum yomwe imapezeka mu throttle space of the manifold intake imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chachiwiri, mukasindikiza pedal kudzera pa valve yodutsa yotsegula, imalandira mpweya wa mumlengalenga. Kusiyana kwa kukakamiza kudutsa diaphragm ndi tsinde lolumikizidwa nalo kumapanga mphamvu yowonjezera yomwe imaphatikizapo zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku pedal.

Zotsatira zake, mphamvu yowonjezereka idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa pistoni ya silinda yaikulu ya brake, yomwe ingathandize kukanikiza ndi kufulumizitsa ntchito ya mabuleki onse mu utumiki komanso mwadzidzidzi.

Kusuntha kofulumira kwa mpweya wochuluka kupyolera mu valavu kupita ku chipinda cha mumlengalenga kumapanga phokoso loyimba. Imayima mwamsanga pamene voliyumu ikudzaza ndipo si chizindikiro cha kusagwira ntchito.

Zotsatira zake zimathandizidwa ndi "ndalama" za gawo la vacuum mu amplifier ndi kutsika pang'ono komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi liwiro ngati injini ikuyenda ndi kutsekedwa kotsekedwa. Kusakaniza kudzakhala kocheperako chifukwa cha kupopera kwa mpweya wochepa kuchokera ku VUT kupita kuzinthu zambiri. Kutsika uku kumachitika nthawi yomweyo ndi wowongolera liwiro lopanda ntchito.

Koma ngati hiss ndi yaitali modabwitsa, mokweza, kapena mosalekeza, izi zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa kulephera kugwirizana ndi depressurization mabuku. Padzakhala kutayikira kwachilendo kwa mpweya muzobweza zambiri, zomwe zingasokoneze dongosolo lowongolera injini.

Mpweya uwu sumaganiziridwa ndi masensa othamanga, ndipo kuwerengera kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya mtheradi kudzapitirira malire omwe amaloledwa pamtunduwu. Zomwe zimachitika pakudzizindikiritsa nokha ndizotheka ndi chizindikiro chadzidzidzi chikuwunikira pa dashboard, ndipo liwiro la injini lidzasintha mwachisawawa, kusokonezedwa ndi kugwedezeka kumachitika.

Momwe mungapezere vuto mu brake system

Njira yodziwira zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwachilendo ndikuwunika vacuum amplifier.

• Kulimba kwa VUT ndikwakuti imatha kupanga mizere ingapo yokulitsa (kukanikiza chopondapo) ngakhale injini itazimitsidwa. Izi ndi zomwe zikuwunikiridwa.

Ndikofunikira kuyimitsa injini ndikuyika brake kangapo. Ndiye kusiya pedal maganizo ndi kuyamba injini kachiwiri. Ndi kuyesetsa kosalekeza kuchokera kumapazi, nsanja iyenera kugwetsa mamilimita angapo, zomwe zimasonyeza kuthandizidwa kwa vacuum yomwe yatuluka mumtundu wambiri kapena pampu ya vacuum yomwe yayamba kugwira ntchito ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini kumene kulibe mpweya wokwanira. chifukwa cha mapangidwe.

• Mvetserani mluzu kuchokera pa mfundo. Ngati chopondapo sichinapanikizidwe, ndiye kuti, valavu siinatsegulidwe, sikuyenera kukhala phokoso, komanso kutuluka kwa mpweya muzinthu zambiri.
• Limbitsani valavu yoyang'anira yomwe idayikidwa mupaipi ya vacuum kuchokera pamitundu yambiri kupita ku thupi la VUT. Iyenera kulola mpweya kudutsa mbali imodzi. Zomwezo zitha kuchitika popanda kugwetsa cholumikizira ndi valavu. Imitsani injini ndi chopondapo cha brake chokhumudwa. Valavu sayenera kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri, ndiko kuti, mphamvu pazitsulo sizingasinthe.
• Zowonongeka zina, mwachitsanzo, diaphragm ya VUT (membrane) yowonongeka m'magalimoto amakono, sangathe kukonzedwa ndikuzindikiridwa mosiyana. Amplifier yolakwika iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala msonkhano.

Ma injini omwe atchulidwa kale okhala ndi vacuum yocheperako, monga injini za dizilo, ali ndi pampu yotsekera yosiyana. Kuthekera kwake kumawunikidwa ndi phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito kapena zida, pogwiritsa ntchito choyezera kuthamanga.

Zovuta

Ngati dongosolo lothandizira likulephera, mabuleki adzagwira ntchito, koma kuyendetsa galimoto yotereyi ndikoletsedwa, izi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Kuwonjezeka modabwitsa kwa pedal kukana kumatha kusokoneza machitidwe a dalaivala wodziwa mwadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi, ndipo oyamba kumene sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse za braking system, chifukwa zidzatengera khama lalikulu kuti agwire ntchito. njira mpaka ABS atsegulidwa.

Chotsatira chake, nthawi ya kuyankha kwa brake, monga chimodzi mwa zigawo za ndondomeko yowonongeka kwadzidzidzi, idzakhudza kwambiri mtunda womaliza woyimitsa, kumene mita iliyonse ku chopingacho ndi yofunika.

Kukonza kumakhala ndi kusintha magawo omwe amayambitsa kutulutsa mpweya kwachilendo. Ndi ochepa mwa iwo, iyi ndi payipi ya vacuum yokhala ndi zolumikizira ndi valavu, komanso VUT yolumikizidwa mwachindunji. Njira zina zobwezeretsa ndizosaloledwa. Kudalirika kuli pamwamba pa zonse pano, ndipo magawo atsopano okha omwe angapereke.

Ngati vuto liri mu amplifier, ndiye kuti liyenera kuchotsedwa ndikusinthidwa popanda kugula zida zokonzedwanso kapena zotsika mtengo kuchokera kwa opanga osadziwika.

Chigawochi ndi chophweka, koma chimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono ndi luso la msonkhano lotsimikiziridwa, lomwe silingakwaniritsidwe potengera ndalama zowononga ndalama.

Zomwezo zikhoza kunenedwa za rarefaction pipeline. Kuyikapo pamitundu yambiri kuyenera kukhazikika mokhazikika molingana ndi ukadaulo wa fakitale, osati kumamatira mu garaja mutachotsedwa ku ukalamba.

Ma valve ndi vacuum hose amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kutengera mtundu wagalimoto iyi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuyenderana ndi manambala odutsa.

Palibe ma hoses okonza chilengedwe chonse omwe ali oyenera, kusinthasintha kwina, kukana kwa mankhwala ku nthunzi ya hydrocarbon, zikoka zakunja ndi kutentha, komanso kulimba ndikofunikira. Vavu ndi zisindikizo za payipi ziyeneranso kusinthidwa. Zomwe zimafunika si zosindikizira ndi tepi yamagetsi, koma zigawo zatsopano.