Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda
Malangizo kwa oyendetsa

Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

28.06.2022 /

Madalaivala ambiri, kuyambitsa injini ozizira, kumva khalidwe "clatter" mmenemo. Kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake ma hydraulic lifters akugogoda, muyenera kudziwa bwino momwe amapangira komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.

Zamkatimu

  • 1 Hydrocompensator: ndichiyani
    • 1.1 chipangizo
    • 1.2 Momwe ntchito
      • 1.2.1 Gawo 1
      • 1.2.2 Gawo 2
      • 1.2.3 Gawo 3
      • 1.2.4 Gawo 4
  • 2 Momwe ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda
  • 3 Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda
    • 3.1 Kuzizira
    • 3.2 Kutentha
      • 3.2.1 Video: chipangizo, mfundo ntchito, zifukwa kugogoda
    • 3.3 Kugogoda mfundo zatsopano
  • 4 Momwe mungadziwire chonyamulira cha hydraulic cholakwika
    • 4.1 Video: momwe mungadziwire kuti hydrik ikugogoda
  • 5 Kuopsa kogogoda ndi chiyani
  • 6 Momwe mungachotsere kugogoda
    • 6.1 Video: disassembly, kukonza, kuyendera

Hydrocompensator: ndichiyani

Zigawo ndi magulu a injini yothamanga, akatenthedwa, amawonjezeka kukula. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito ku makina ogawa gasi (nthawi).

Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya makina oyendetsa ma valve, mipata yotentha imaperekedwa mwadongosolo pakati pa zigawo zake. M'kati mwa kutenthetsa injini, mbalizo zimawonjezeka kukula. Zotsitsa zimatha ndipo injini ikuyenda bwino. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, ziwalo zimatha, ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha kumasinthanso.

The hydraulic compensator (hydraulic pusher, "gidrik") ndi chipangizo chomwe chimatenga kusiyana pakati pa makamera a camshaft ndi manja a rocker, ndodo, ma valve, ngakhale kutentha kwa injini ndi msinkhu wa kuvala.

Amayikidwa pamitundu yonse yanthawi mumainjini okhala ndi kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa camshaft.

Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

Malo a hydraulic lifters

Pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yanthawi, mitundu 4 yayikulu yolumikizirana yapangidwa:

  • hydraulic pusher;
  • Wodzigudubuza hydraulic pusher;
  • Thandizo la Hydro;
  • Thandizo la hydraulic la zida za rocker ndi levers.
Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

Mitundu yama hydraulic lifters

chipangizo

Ngakhale mitundu yonse ya zonyamula ma hydraulic zimasiyana mwamapangidwe, zochita zazikulu ndi mfundo za chipangizocho ndizofanana.

Chigawo chachikulu cha hydraulic pusher ndi plunger yosunthika yokhala ndi valavu ya mpira yomwe ili mkati. Zonsezi zimasungidwa m'bokosi. Mpata wa 5-7 µm, woperekedwa pakati pa malo a plunger ndi pisitoni yosunthika, umatsimikizira kulimba kwawo.

Nyumba ya compensator imayenda momasuka pampando wowongolera womwe uli pamutu wa silinda (BC).

Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

Mapangidwe a labyrinth pusher

Ndikofunikira! M'ma compensators okhazikika m'manja mwa rocker, plunger yokhala ndi gawo logwira ntchito lomwe limatuluka kunja kwa thupi limakhala ngati chinthu chosunthika.

Pansi pa plunger pali kutsegula kwa madzi ogwira ntchito, omwe amatsekedwa ndi valavu yoyang'ana ndi mpira. Kasupe wokhotakhota wobwerera amakhala m'thupi la pisitoni ndipo amayesa kukankhira kutali ndi plunger.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi ndi mafuta a injini, omwe amalowa mu hydraulic pusher kudzera pabowo la nyumba kuchokera ku njira ya mafuta ya BC.

Momwe ntchito

Pogwiritsa ntchito hydraulic pusher mwachitsanzo, zoyambira zonyamula ma hydraulic zimawonetsedwa.

Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

1. Nyumba. 2. Pistoni. 3. Kasupe ndi wobweza. 4. Plunger. 5. Valovu yoyang'ana mpira. 6. Vavu chosungira. 7. Kamera ya camshaft. 8. Kasupe wa valve.

Mphamvu (mivi yofiira I ndi II) yomwe imachokera ku camshaft cam 7 ndi valve spring 8 imapangitsa kuti tappet ya hydraulic isunthike nthawi zonse mobwerezabwereza.

Gawo 1

Pamene hydraulic pusher ili pamalo apamwamba kwambiri, dzenje m'thupi 1 limatuluka ndi njira yamafuta ya BC. Mafuta (achikasu) amalowa m'nyumba momasuka (chipinda chowonjezera chochepa). Kupitilira apo, kudzera munjira yolambalala yomwe ili m'munsi mwa thupi, mafutawo amalowa mkati mwa plunger 4 (chipinda chachikulu chotsika). Kenako, kudzera mu valavu yotseguka 5, mafutawo amalowa mu pisitoni 2 (chipinda chothamanga kwambiri).

Pistoni imayenda momasuka pazitsogozo zopangidwa ndi plunger 4 ndi kugwedezeka kwa thupi 1. Kuthamanga kwa kasupe 3 sikumaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa kusiyana pakati pa piston 2 ya hydraulic pusher ndi valve 8 ya nthawi.

Gawo 2

Kamera 7 ya camshaft ikangoyamba kukanikiza panyumba 1, imachotsedwa. Madzi ogwira ntchito amasiya kuperekedwa ku chipinda chowonjezera chochepa. Kasupe wa valve 8 ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa kasupe wobwerera 3 wa hydraulic pusher, choncho amasunga valavu m'malo mwake. Pistoni 2, ngakhale kukana kwa kasupe wobwerera, imayamba kusuntha mkati mwa nyumba 1, ndikukankhira mafuta mumphuno ya plunger.

Kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu pisitoni 2 chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chipinda chokwera kwambiri kumawonjezeka, potsirizira pake kutsekereza valve 5. Compensator ya hydraulic, monga thupi limodzi lolimba, imayamba kutumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku cam 7 ya camshaft kupita ku valavu ya nthawi 8. Vavu imayenda, kasupe wake amatsindikizidwa.

Gawo 3

Kamera 7 ya camshaft, itadutsa malo apamwamba kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono imachepetsa mphamvu pa thupi la hydraulic pusher. Chovala cha valve 8, chowongoka, chimachibwezera kumalo okwera kwambiri. Vavu, kupyolera mu pisitoni, imakankhira compensator hydraulic ku cam. Kubwerera kasupe 3 kumayamba kuwongoka.Kukakamiza mu pisitoni 2 kumatsika. Mafuta, omwe anali ndi nthawi yoti alowe m'kati mwa plunger 4 kumayambiriro kwa gawo lachiwiri, tsopano akukankhira pa mpira wa valve 5, potsirizira pake akutsegula.

Gawo 4

Cam 7 ya camshaft imasiya kukanikiza chonyamulira cha hydraulic. Valve spring 8 yakula mokwanira. Kubwerera kasupe 3 wa hydraulic pusher amamasulidwa. Chongani valve 5 ndi yotseguka. Kuthamanga kwa mafuta m'zipinda zonse kumakhala kofanana. Mabowo m'thupi la 1 la hydraulic pusher, lomwe labwerera kumalo ake oyambirira pamalo apamwamba, likugwirizananso ndi njira za mafuta a BC. Kusintha pang'ono kwamafuta kuli mkati.

Kasupe wobwerera mkati mwa "hydra" amayesa kuwongola, kuchotsa kusiyana pakati pa cam ndi hydraulic pusher, ngakhale kuvala kosalephereka kwa magawo a nthawi.

Ndikofunikira! Miyeso ya zinthu za hydraulic pusher imasintha ikatenthedwa, koma imalipidwa ndi chipangizocho.

Momwe ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

Mutayamba injini, nthawi zina mumatha kumva phokoso lomveka bwino lachitsulo, kugwedeza. Zimafanana ndi phokoso lazitsulo zazing'ono zachitsulo, ndi mphamvu zoponyedwa pazitsulo. Kutsegula hood, mukhoza kupeza kuti phokoso likuchokera pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve. Kugogoda pafupipafupi kumasiyanasiyana ndi liwiro la injini.

Phokoso la phokoso lochokera kumagulu okulitsa limakhala lodziyimira pawokha pagalimoto. Izi zitha kuyang'aniridwa mwa kuyatsa onse ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (zowotcha chotenthetsera, chowongolera mpweya, mtengo wapamwamba).

Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zambiri kugogoda kwa chonyamulira cholakwika cha hydraulic kumasokonezeka ndi phokoso la mavavu. Omaliza akugogoda mokweza. Kugogoda kwa compensator kumamveka bwino komanso mokweza.

Ngati phokoso silinawonekere atangoyamba injini, nthawi zonse pamene akusintha liwiro lake ndi kusintha malinga ndi katundu pa unit, gwero la chiyambi cha kugogoda ndi osiyana.

Chifukwa chiyani ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda

Kugogoda kwachitsulo komwe kumawonekera, choyamba, kukuwonetsa kupezeka kwa kusiyana kwa lamba wanthawi, komwe thandizo la hydraulic silingathe kubweza.

Kutengera kutentha kwa injini, amagawa zovuta zomwe zingatheke komanso zovuta zomwe zimachititsa kugogoda kwa ma hydraulic lifters.

Kuzizira

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa ma hydraulic mounts mu injini yomwe yangoyamba kumene kungakhale:

  1. Kulowetsa dothi mumgwirizano wokulitsa. Pachifukwa ichi, onse awiri plunger ndi mpira wa valavu cheke akhoza kukakamira. Muzochitika zonsezi, hydraulic pusher sidzachita ntchito yake.
  2. Mafuta akuda. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zinthu zotsutsana ndi mwaye zimawunjikana m'mafuta. Zonsezi zimatha kutseka ngalande zamafuta zomwe zimapatsa ma hydraulic fluid ndi madzi ogwira ntchito. Injini ikatenthedwa, kuchuluka kwamafuta kwamafuta kumawonjezeka ndipo njira zimatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono.
  3. Kuvala ma hydraulic pusher assemblies. The gwero ntchito compensator ndi 50-70 zikwi Km. Panthawi imeneyi, zowonongeka zimatha kuwonedwa pazigawo zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimaphwanya kulimba kwawo. Zotsatira zake, palibe kukakamizidwa kwamafuta kofunikira mu pisitoni ya compensator.
  4. Mafuta a viscous kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, mpaka injiniyo itenthedwa, mafuta ochulukirapo samalowa mu ma hydraulic pushers, omwe sangathe kugwira ntchito yawo.
  5. Zosefera zamafuta zotsekeka. Izi, ozizira viscous mafuta mu buku chofunika sangathe kudutsa fyuluta ndi kulowa injini mutu. Nthawi zina vutoli limatha injini ikatenthetsa.
  6. Kuphika masamba a mafuta. Zitha kuchitika mu cylinder block komanso pagulu lokulitsa. Munthawi imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezera. Kuyeretsa makina kokha pambuyo pa disassembly kungathandize.

Kutentha

Zifukwa za kugogoda kwa ma hydraulic lifters pa injini yozizira ndizofunikanso pagawo lotenthetsera kutentha kogwira ntchito. Koma pali mavuto omwe amawonekera kokha pamoto:

  1. Mafuta ataya khalidwe lake. Pambuyo 5-7 Km, mafuta akupanga gwero ntchito. Kukhuthala kwake kumachepa. Ma hydraulic pusher sagogoda pa ozizira. Injini ikawotha, kugogoda kumamveka, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mafuta mu "hydrikas" chifukwa cha kutsika kwamafuta mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta.
  2. Pampu yamafuta yopanda pake. Sapereka mphamvu ya ntchito. Mafuta safika pa zonyamula ma hydraulic.
  3. Mulingo wamafuta ndi wotsika kwambiri kapena wokwera kwambiri. Zinthu zonsezi zimadzaza ndi thovu lazinthu zotenthedwa komanso kuwulutsa kwa ma hydraulic pusher. Mpweya womwe watsekeredwa mu compensator supanga kukakamiza kofunikira panthawi yakupanikizana, kugogoda kumawonekera.

Video: chipangizo, mfundo ntchito, zifukwa kugogoda

Hydraulic compensator. Ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani amagogoda. Zangovuta

Kugogoda mfundo zatsopano

Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, chopumira chatsopano cha hydraulic chimayamba kugogoda mtunda wa 100-150 km. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kugaya mkati mwa magawo, pambuyo pake kugogodako kumatha.

Ngati panthawi yoyika compensator sakhala pansi pachitsime, njira yamafuta yamutu wa block sigwirizana ndi dzenje la hydra casing. Mafuta sangalowe mu mgwirizano wokulitsa, womwe udzagogoda nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zina, poyika chopondera, dothi limalowa mkati mwa chitsime, ndikutseka ngalande yamafuta. Pankhaniyi, compensator imachotsedwa, njirayo imatsukidwa ndi makina.

Momwe mungadziwire chonyamulira cha hydraulic cholakwika

Kuti muzindikire kuti muli ndi vuto la hydraulic compensator, fonindoscope yokhala ndi nsonga yachitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana ndi chivundikiro cha valve pamalo a "hydraulics". Kugogoda mwamphamvu kumamveka kudera la okankha zolakwika.

Popanda phonendoscope, woyesa akhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zomwe zilipo. Resonator (mowa kapena chitini chakuya) amangiriridwa kumapeto kwa ndodo yachitsulo. Kukanikiza khutu kwa resonator, mapeto aulere a ndodo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chivundikiro cha valve. Kusakasaka kumafanana ndi fonindoscope.

Monga njira yomaliza, mungagwiritse ntchito ndodo yokhazikika yamatabwa.

Ndi chivundikiro cha valavu chochotsedwa, amayesa kukankhira hydraulic compensator ndi screwdriver. Kankhira wokhazikika mosavuta ndi wolakwika.

Video: momwe mungadziwire kuti hydrik ikugogoda

Ndikofunikira! Pantchito zamagalimoto, zonyamula ma hydraulic osagwira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma acoustic diagnostics.

Kuopsa kogogoda ndi chiyani

Kuphulika kwa ma hydraulic pushers kumawonetsa vuto lomwe labuka, lomwe likukhudza mtundu wanthawi yake. Nthawi zambiri vuto liri mu dongosolo kondomu, amene anadzala ndi kuvala kuchuluka kwa zigawo zonse ndi makina a injini.

Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yokhala ndi ma hydraulic pushers kumapereka:

Momwe mungachotsere kugogoda

Si nthawi zonse kugogoda hydraulic compensator iyenera kusinthidwa ndi ina. Pamene kugogoda kwa chikhalidwe kukuwonekera, choyamba, muyenera kusintha mafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta. Nthawi zina njirayi ndi yokwanira, phokoso limatha.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma flushes apadera a dongosolo lopaka mafuta. Mothandizidwa ndi chitukuko chamakono chamtundu wotsogola, ndizotheka kutsuka osati zonyansa zokha, komanso njira zamafuta ophika.

Chothandiza kwambiri ndikuyeretsa makina a hydraulic lifters. The wetsuit amachotsedwa, kupasuka, kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa.

Video: disassembly, kukonza, kuyendera

Ndikofunikira! Ngati kuwonongeka kwamakina kwapezeka, cholumikizira chokulirapo chiyenera kusinthidwa.

Kugogoda komwe kukubwera kwa zonyamula ma hydraulic kumapereka chizindikiro kwa eni galimoto za zovuta zamakina opaka mafuta kapena nthawi. Kuzindikira munthawi yake ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa kugogoda zitha kuchitidwa mwaokha popanda kulumikizana ndi akatswiri.

Kuwonjezera ndemanga