Chifukwa chiyani ma valve amawotcha

Ma valve a nthawi amakhala ndendende mu chipinda choyaka moto ndipo amapangidwa kuti azinyamula kutentha kwambiri. Komabe, ngati ntchito yachibadwa ya injini yoyaka mkati imasokonezeka, ngakhale zinthu zosagwira kutentha zomwe zimapangidwira zimawonongeka pakapita nthawi. Momwe mavavu amawotchera mwachangu zimadalira mtundu wa kusagwira ntchito kwake. Zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti valavu mu silinda yatenthedwa ndi ntchito yosagwirizana komanso yovuta kuyambira injini yoyaka mkati, komanso kutaya mphamvu. Komabe, zizindikiro zomwezi zimatha kuchitika ndi zovuta zina. Nkhaniyi idzakuthandizani kudziwa zomwe "valavu yowotcha" imatanthauza, chifukwa chake izi zinachitika ndikuphunzira za njira zodziwira nthawi popanda kuchotsa mutu.

Zizindikiro za valve yoyaka

Momwe mungamvetsetse kuti ma valve oyaka? Njira yosavuta yokhazikitsira izi ndikuyang'anitsitsa, koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera kuchotsa mutu wa silinda, womwe ndi wovuta komanso wokwera mtengo. Chifukwa chake, poyambira, ndikofunikira kutsogozedwa ndi zizindikiro zosalunjika. Kudziwa zomwe zimachitika pamene valavu ikuyaka, ndi momwe izi zimakhudzira ntchito ya injini yoyaka mkati, ndizotheka kudziwa kuwonongeka popanda kusokoneza galimotoyo.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati valavu yatenthedwa Onani pa tebulo kuti muwone zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa.

Chizindikiro	zifukwa	Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika
Detonation ("kugogoda zala")	Nambala ya octane sigwirizana ndi zomwe wopanga amalimbikitsa. kuyatsa kuyikidwa molakwika	Ngati mafuta ali otsika-octane kapena amayaka nthawi yolakwika, ndiye kuti ndi kukakamiza kwakukulu kwa kusakaniza, mmalo mwa kuyaka kwake kosalala, kuphulika kumachitika. Zigawo za chipinda choyaka zimakhudzidwa ndi katundu wodabwitsa, ma valve amawotcha ndipo amatha kusweka
Kuchuluka kwamafuta	Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi molakwika	Njira yogwiritsira ntchito lamba wanthawi yayitali yokhala ndi valavu yowonongeka imasokonekera, mphamvu imatsika, ndipo nayo mphamvu ya injini, yomwe ingayambitse kuchulukirachulukira.
Kuwonongeka kwa ma traction ndi mphamvu	Kutsika kwa mphamvu yonse ya injini yoyaka mkati	Valavu yowotchedwa siyilola kuti ifike kupanikizika kogwira ntchito mu silinda, chifukwa chake, mphamvu yofunikira sinapangidwe kusuntha pisitoni.
Kuyamba kovuta	Kuchepetsa liwiro la pisitoni	Pistoni silingathe kupanga mphamvu yofunikira kuti izungulire crankshaft
Kugwedezeka ndi kusayenda bwino, kusintha kwa phokoso la injini	Cylinder Misfires	Nthawi zambiri, zowunikira mkati mwa injini zoyatsira moto zimachitika pakapita nthawi (theka la theka la crankshaft kwa injini yoyaka mkati mwa 4-cylinder) ndi mphamvu yomweyo, motero injiniyo imazungulira mofanana. Ngati valavu yayaka, silinda siingathe kugwira ntchito yake ndipo injini yoyaka mkati imayamba kusinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu.
Kuwombera kwa silencer	Kuyatsa kwa VTS muutsi wochuluka	Mu silinda yotayikira, kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya sikutentha kwathunthu. Chotsatira chake, mafuta otsalawo amalowa mumtsinje wotentha wotentha ndikuyaka.
Amatuluka mu inlet	osakaniza mpweya-mafuta amabwerera ku zobwezedwa ndi wolandira	Ngati valavu yolowera ikuwotcha ndi poizoni, ndiye panthawi yoponderezedwa, gawo lina la osakaniza limabwerera ku cholandirira cholowera, pomwe limayaka moto ikagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Vavuyo idawotchedwa ndipo sichithanso kulimbitsa

Ndi zizindikiro zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, mutha kudziwa kuti ma valve mu injini yoyaka moto yatha. Kuphatikiza kwa zizindikiro zingapo kumasonyeza izi ndi kuthekera kwakukulu. Mpando umene valavu iyenera kukwanira bwino pamene ikutseka imatha kuwotcha, ngakhale kuti izi ndizolephera kawirikawiri.

Ngati zizindikiro zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa ming'alu mu valve kapena kuti mipando ya valve yatenthedwa, ndi chiyani chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kungakhazikitsidwe modalirika ndi chithandizo cha matenda athunthu ndi kuthetsa mavuto. Kuchita kukonza.Zirizonse zinali, muyenera kuchotsa yamphamvu mutu, ndiyeno kusintha analephera mbali.

Mtengo wokonza vutolo

Mutha kusintha valavu pagalimoto yapanyumba pamtengo wocheperako, kuwononga pafupifupi ma ruble 1000 pa valavu yokha, mutu watsopano wa silinda, phala lopaka, ndi antifreeze pakuwonjezera. Koma kawirikawiri chirichonse sichimathera ndi kupsya kumodzi: mphero kapena kusintha mutu wa silinda wopunduka chifukwa cha kutenthedwa, komanso kutembenuza mipando ya valve, ingafunike. Vavu yopindika imaphatikizapo kupanga kamera ya camshaft.

Pa siteshoni, iwo sakufuna kusintha valavu imodzi, ndi kukonza zonse ndi kukonza mutu yamphamvu kumayambira 5-10 zikwi rubles kwa VAZ - mpaka makumi masauzande kwa magalimoto akunja amakono.

Mukasintha ma valve oyaka ndi kukonza mutu wa silinda, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse chomwe chimayambitsa kutopa. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye posachedwa gawolo lidzalepheranso!

Chifukwa chiyani ma valve a injini amayaka?

Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chimapangitsa kuti valavu mu injini yoyaka moto iwonongeke? chifukwa chake ndi kuphwanya ulamuliro kutentha mu chipinda choyaka moto. Chotsatira chake, gawolo limagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, zitsulo zimayamba kusungunuka, kapena mosiyana, zimakhala zowonongeka, zimasweka komanso zimasweka. Ngakhale vuto laling'ono la valve limapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake limakhala losagwiritsidwa ntchito pakapita nthawi.

Pali zifukwa zazikulu 6 zomwe ma valve pagalimoto amawotcha:

1. Kusakaniza kosakwanira. Kusakaniza kwa mpweya wowonda kumayaka pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe zimakhalira (stoichiometric), mbali yake imayaka kale potuluka m'chipinda choyaka moto, motero kutentha kwa mpweya kumawonjezeka. Zifukwa zomwe valavu yotulutsa mpweya imawotcha nthawi zambiri imakhala mumsanganizo wowonda kapena muvuto lotsatira.
2. Nthawi yoyatsa yolakwika. Kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha octane cha mafuta, kumawotcha mofanana komanso pang'onopang'ono, choncho, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa octane, kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yoyatsira kumafunikanso. Ndi kuyatsa mochedwa, osakaniza amayaka kale mu utsi thirakiti, kutenthetsa mavavu. Ndi mafuta oyambilira amayaka nthawi isanakwane, katundu wodabwitsa komanso kutentha kwambiri kumawonekera.
3. kuyika mwaye. Panthawi yotseka, valavu imagwirizana bwino ndi mpando, womwe umakhudzidwa ndi kuchotsa kutentha kwakukulu. Ndi mapangidwe a mwaye pamwamba pawo, kutentha kutentha kumawonongeka kwambiri. Kuzizira kokha pakhosi sikuli kothandiza. Kuonjezera apo, wosanjikizawo amalepheretsa ma valve kuti asatseke mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chisakanizocho chiwotchedwe chilowetse muzowonjezera kapena kutulutsa mpweya wambiri, ndikuwonjezera kutentha.
4. Kuchotsa ma valve olakwika. Pa injini yozizira, pali kusiyana pakati pa chonyamulira valavu ndi camshaft eccentric, yomwe ndi malire pakukulitsa zitsulo. Ikhoza kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito makina ochapira kapena makapu a makulidwe ofunikira, kapena okhawo ndi ma compensators a hydraulic. Ngati kusintha kolakwika kapena kuvala kwa hydraulic compensator, gawolo limakhala ndi malo olakwika. Pamene valavu ikuphwanyidwa, sungatseke kwathunthu, chisakanizo choyaka chimalowa mumpata pakati pake ndi mpando, ndikupangitsa kuti aziwotcha. Ngati valavu yolowera yatenthedwa, zifukwa za izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mu clamping kapena ma depositi pamwamba pake zomwe zimalepheretsa kutseka.
5. Zozizira dongosolo zovuta. Ngati kufalikira kwa zoziziritsa kumutu kwasokonekera kapena antifreeze sikungathe kulimbana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa kutentha, chifukwa chake, zigawo zamutu zimatenthedwa, ndipo ma valve ndi mipando yawo imatha kuwotcha.
6. Mlingo wolakwika wamafuta. Pa injini za dizilo, kutentha kwa ma valve kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamafuta komweko komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamafuta olakwika. Chifukwa cha iwo chikhoza kukhala ntchito yolakwika ya mpope jekeseni kapena jekeseni mafuta.

Vuvu yotentha yatentha

Kuyika kwa carbon pa ma valve ndi mipando kumabweretsa kutopa

Kuchokera pazomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti ndi ma valve ati omwe amawotcha nthawi zambiri - ma valve otulutsa. Choyamba, iwo ndi ang'onoang'ono kukula, choncho kutentha mofulumira. Kachiwiri, ndi kudzera mwa iwo kuti mpweya wotulutsa wotentha umachotsedwa. Mavavu olowetsa amatsitsidwa nthawi zonse ndi kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya kapena mpweya wabwino (pa injini za jakisoni wachindunji) motero amakumana ndi kupsinjika pang'ono kwa kutentha.

Nchiyani chimapangitsa mavavu a injini ya petulo aziyaka?

Yankho la funso lakuti "N'chifukwa chiyani valve yotulutsa mpweya inayaka pa injini ya mafuta?" angapezeke mu gawo lapitalo mfundo 1-5 (kusakaniza, kuyatsa, ma depositi a carbon, mipata ndi kuzirala). Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chachinayi ndi chofunikira kwambiri kwa ma ICE, omwe amapereka kusintha kwamanja kwa kusiyana kwamafuta. Kodi mavavu okhala ndi ma hydraulic lifters amayaka? Izi zimachitikanso, koma nthawi zambiri pazifukwa zopitirira malire a compensators basi - iwonso kawirikawiri amalephera.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chomwe valavu imawotcha mu VAZ ICE yokhala ndi nthawi ya 8-valve ndikusintha kwapanthawi yake kapena kosayenera. Pa injini akale anaika mu VAZ 2108 ndi Vaz 2111 vuto kumaonekera nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha nthawi yaifupi kusintha. Pa ICE wa mndandanda wa 1186, womwe unayikidwa ku Kalina, Grant ndi Datsun, kumene nthawiyo imawonjezeka chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwa ShPG, imatchulidwa pang'ono. Komabe, kukanikiza ma valve ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe valavu yoyatsira imayaka. Ndipo izi sizikugwira ntchito kwa VAZs zokha.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti chifukwa cha kutsika kwa mipando ndi kudzipukuta pang'onopang'ono kwa ma valve, mozungulira momasuka kuzungulira olamulira awo, iwo amadzuka pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, kusiyana pakati pa pusher ndi camshaft eccentric cam kumachepetsedwa, kusinthako kumatayika.

Kusakaniza kowonda, komwe kumayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa doko la utsi, ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha kutenthedwa kwa injini zamafuta okhala ndi ma hydraulic. Koma kuyatsa kolakwika ndi kutenthedwa kwa silinda pamutu kumakhala kofala pa injini zonse, mosasamala kanthu za makina osinthira ma valve.

Chifukwa chiyani mavavu amayaka mukakhazikitsa HBO?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe ma valve a gasi amawotcha ndi kuyika kolakwika kwa injini yoyaka mkati ya HBO. Mafuta a gasi amasiyana ndi petulo mu nambala ya octane: propane-butane nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ma octane mayunitsi 100, ndipo methane imakhala ndi mayunitsi 110. Ngati kuyatsa kusinthidwa kwa petrol 92 kapena 95 - osakaniza adzakhala kuyaka kale mu exhaust thirakiti.

Mukayika HBO (makamaka methane), onetsetsani kuti mwayika chosinthira cha UOZ kuti muwongolere nthawi yoyambira mukamayendetsa gasi! Kapena yikani firmware yamitundu iwiri "gasi-petulo". Pamagalimoto omwe amabwera ndi HBO (monga Lada Vesta CNG), firmware yotereyi imayikidwa kuchokera kufakitale; pamitundu ina, mapulogalamu ofanana amapangidwa ndi akatswiri opanga ma chip.

Chifukwa chachiwiri chofala chomwe ma valve amawotcha kuchokera ku gasi ndi Taphunzira osakaniza ntchito. Kusakaniza kowonda kumayaka kwambiri, kumayaka nthawi yayitali ndikuyaka kale munjira yotulutsa mpweya, potero kumawonetsa valavu ndi mpando wake pakuwotcha.

HBO iliyonse ikufunika kukonza. Pa machitidwe a 1st mpaka 3rd, ndizofunikira bwino kusintha gearbox, ndipo pa 4 ndi zatsopano - khazikitsani makonzedwe a jekeseni zokhudzana ndi petulo mu gasi ECU. Ngati musintha molakwika dongosolo kapena "kulingirira" mwadala chifukwa chachuma, izi zimadzaza ndi kutopa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito gasi pa injini yamakono sikungakhale 1: 1 ku petulo. Mtengo wawo wa calorific ndi wofanana (mkati mwa 40-45 kJ / g), koma kuchuluka kwa propane-butane kumakhala kochepa ndi 15-25% (500-600 g / l motsutsana ndi 700-800 g / l). Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito gasi pazosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwira bwino kuyenera kukhala zambiri kuposa mafuta!

Monga momwe zilili ndi petulo, zomwe zimayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa ma valve mu injini yoyaka mkati ndi LPG zitha kukhala kusintha kolakwika kwa chilolezo, kuphika ndi mwaye, ndi zovuta kuzizira. Choncho, mukamathetsa vuto la injini ndi valavu yopsereza, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe mavutowa.

Pa ma motors ndi kusintha kwamanja kwa mavavu omwe akugwira ntchito pa gasi, posintha mipata, ndikofunikira kupanga kusintha kwa +0,05 mm. Mwachitsanzo, kwa 8 valve ICE VAZ, chilolezo chovomerezeka ndi 0,15-0,25 mm, ndipo malo otsekemera ndi 0,3-0,4 mm, koma pa gasi ayenera kusinthidwa kukhala 0,2-0,3 mm kuti amwe ndi 0,35-0,45 mm kuti amasulidwe. .

Chifukwa chiyani ma valve a dizilo amayaka?

Zifukwa zomwe ma valve a dizilo amawotcha ndizosiyana ndi ma ICE amafuta. Alibe moto woyaka, ndipo kusakaniza kowonda ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito yabwinobwino, chifukwa mpweya umayenera kuperekedwa mopitilira muyeso kuti uyake wathunthu wamafuta a dizilo. Zifukwa zina zomwe ma valve amawotcha pagalimoto yokhala ndi injini ya dizilo ndi izi:

• jekeseni msanga wamafuta mu masilindala;
• kubwezeretsanso osakaniza chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwambiri kwa mpope wa jekeseni kapena ma nozzles osefukira;
• kusintha kolakwika kwa mipata yamafuta kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma hydraulic lifters;
• kutenthedwa kwa mutu wa silinda chifukwa cha kuphwanya kufalikira kwa antifreeze kapena kuwonongeka kwa katundu wake.

Nthawi zambiri, valavu pa injini dizilo kuyaka ndendende chifukwa cha zifukwa pamwamba. Pa ma ICE akale okhala ndi mpope wa jakisoni wamakina, jakisoni woyambirira amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chowerengera (makina otsogola) a pampu omwe amawongolera nthawi yoperekera mafuta. M'ma ICE amakono okhala ndi Common Rail system, chomwe chimayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa ma valve kumatha kukhala masensa omwe amazindikira molakwika nthawi ya jakisoni, ndi ma nozzles ovala omwe amathira mafuta mopitilira muyeso.

Zifukwa zomwe ma valve mu injini yoyatsira mkati mwagalimoto pamafuta a dizilo amawotcha zitha kukhala zovuta ndi fyuluta ya mpweya ndi intercooler (pa turbodiesel). Fyuluta yotsekeka imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mpweya, chifukwa chake pali mafuta ochulukirapo okhala ndi voliyumu yopereka nthawi zonse. Intercooler yomwe imatentha kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa) imachitanso chimodzimodzi. Sichingathe kuziziritsa mpweya bwinobwino, chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti imapanga mphamvu yofunikira pakudya kuchokera pakukula pamene itenthedwa, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni m'menemo kumakhala kosakwanira, chifukwa mpweya umakhala wopanda mphamvu mofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira. Zinthu zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti chisakanizocho chiwonjezeke mopitirira muyeso, chomwe pa injini ya dizilo chingayambitse kupsa kwa ma valve.

Momwe mungadziwire valavu yoyaka popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda

Kuyang'ana ma valve pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope yolumikizidwa ndi foni yamakono

Pali njira ziwiri zodziwira valavu yowotchedwa yolondola kwambiri popanda kusokoneza mota:

• psinjika muyeso;
• kuyang'ana kowoneka ndi endoscope.

kuti mumvetsetse kuti ma valve atha, mutha kuchita izi nokha kapena kulumikizana ndi malo okonzera magalimoto. Endoscope ya bajeti, ngati compressometer, idzagula ma ruble 500-1000. Pafupifupi ndalama zomwezo zidzatengedwa kwa diagnostics ndi mbuye pa siteshoni utumiki. Kuyang'ana ndi endoscope yolumikizidwa ndi foni yamakono, piritsi kapena laputopu kumakupatsani mwayi wowona bwino valavu yowonongeka, ndipo "compressometer" iwonetsa kutsika kwamphamvu mu silinda.

Musanayambe kuyang'ana valve yopsereza, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe vuto la kusiyana. Ayenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino, chifukwa valavu yonse yotsinidwa yomwe singatseke kwathunthu imakhala ngati yowotcha.

Kuti muyese kuponderezedwa, makamaka pamakina omwe ali ndi phokoso lamagetsi, mukufunikira wothandizira, chifukwa panthawi yoyesera damper iyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu. nayenso wothandizira adzayambitsa zoyambira.

Momwe mungapezere silinda yosweka

Mutha kudziwa silinda yokhala ndi valavu yoyaka poyesa kuponderezedwa kapena kuchotsa mawaya / ma coil pamakandulo ndi injini yothamanga. Momwe mungayang'anire valavu yoyaka pa injini ya petulo ndi phokoso:

Kuzindikiritsa Silinda Yokhala ndi Vavu Yoyaka

1. Yambitsani injini, ikani kutentha ndikutsegula hood.
2. Chotsani waya kapena koyilo pa kandulo ya silinda yoyamba.
3. Mvetserani ngati phokoso la injini lasintha, kaya kugwedezeka kwawonjezeka.
4. Bwezerani waya kapena koyilo pamalo ake, mveraninso kusintha kwa ntchito.
5. Bwerezani masitepe 2-4 kwa masilindala ena onse.

Ngati silinda ikugwira ntchito bwino, ndiye ikazimitsidwa, injini yoyaka mkati imayamba kugwira ntchito moipitsitsa, katatu ndi kugwedeza, ndipo ikalumikizidwa, ntchitoyo imabwerera mwakale. Koma ngati valavu yatenthedwa, silinda sichimakhudzidwa mokwanira ndi ntchitoyo, kotero kuti phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kwa galimoto pambuyo podula ndi kulumikiza kandulo sizisintha.

Kwa dizilo, njira yokhayo yokhala ndi compression gauge imapezeka chifukwa chosowa ma spark plugs. Mu silinda yokhala ndi valavu yolakwika, kupanikizika kudzakhala pafupifupi 3 (kapena kuposa) atm kuchepera kuposa ena onse..

Momwe mungadziwire vuto

Popeza n'zotheka kuzindikira valavu yopsereza ndi endoscope motsimikiza, ndi bwino kusankha njira iyi ngati n'kotheka. Kuti mufufuze muyenera:

Vavu yoyaka pachithunzi kuchokera ku endoscope

1. Lumikizani "endoscope" ku laputopu kapena foni yam'manja ndikuwonetsa chithunzicho pazenera.
2. Ikani cholumikizira chagalasi pa kamera (ngati mukufuna ngati "endoscope" ili ndi mutu woyendetsedwa).
3. Tsegulani kandulo ndikuyika "endoscope" mu silinda kudzera mu dzenje.
4. Yang'anani ma valve ngati ali ndi vuto.
5. Bwerezani masitepe 3-4 pa silinda iliyonse.

Kuyang'ana ndi compression gauge kumatengera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimachitika kupsinjika pamene valavu yayaka. Pa injini yoyatsira yamkati yamafuta otenthetsera, kuponderezana kwabwinobwino ndi 10-15 bar kapena atmospheres (1-1,5 MPa), kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana. Kuthamanga kwa silinda ya dizilo ndi 20-30 bar kapena atm. (2-3 MPa), chifukwa chake, kuti muwone, mufunika chipangizo chokhala ndi choyezera champhamvu chomwe chili ndi miyeso yochulukirapo.

Momwe mungadziwire kuti valavu yapsa pogwiritsa ntchito makina opimitsira akuwonetsedwa mu malangizo omwe ali pansipa. Ngati nsonga ya compression gauge ilibe ulusi, koma ndi cone ya rabara, wothandizira adzafunika.

Njira yowunikira ma valve oyaka ndi compression gauge:

1. Chotsani ma spark plugs (pa injini ya petulo), mapulagi owala kapena majekeseni (pa injini ya dizilo) kuchokera pamutu wa silinda. kuti musawasokoneze pa msonkhano, nambala ya mawaya a spark plug kapena ma coils.
2. Zimitsani mafuta, mwachitsanzo, pozimitsa pampu yamafuta (mutha kuchotsa fusesi) kapena kutulutsa mzere kuchokera pampopu ya jekeseni.
3. Lembani "compressometer" mu dzenje la silinda yoyamba kapena kukanikiza mwamphamvu ndi kondomu kudzenje.
4. Khalani ndi wothandizira atembenuzire injini ndi choyambira kwa masekondi 5 kwinaku akukankhira chopondapo cha gasi pansi kuti mudzaze bwino silinda ndi mpweya.
5. Jambulani zowerengera za pressure gauge, zifanizireni ndi zomwe zili mu injini yanu yoyatsira mkati.
6. Zero "compressometer" poyichepetsa.
7. Bwerezani masitepe 3-6 pa silinda iliyonse yotsala.

Mafuta "compressometer" okhala ndi ulusi ndi ma nozzles

Dizilo "compressometer" yokhala ndi sikelo yoyezera mpaka 70 bar

Mukapanga miyeso yoponderezana, yerekezerani kuwerengera kwa chipangizocho pa silinda iliyonse. Makhalidwe abwino a injini zoyatsira zamkati akuwonetsedwa pamwambapa, kufalikira pamasilinda kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa 1 bar kapena atm. (0,1 MPa). Chizindikiro cha kutopa ndi kutsika kwakukulu (3 atm kapena kupitilira apo) kutsika kwamphamvu.

Valve yoyaka si nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kupanikizika kochepa. Kuponderezana kosakwanira kumatha chifukwa chomata, mphete zotha kapena zosweka, kuvala kwapakhoma kwa silinda, kapena kuwonongeka kwa pisitoni. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti valavu yowotchedwa imachita motere pobaya pafupifupi 10 ml ya mafuta a injini mu silinda ndikuyesanso kupsinjika. Ngati chawonjezeka - vuto la mphete kapena kuvala kwa silinda, ngati silinasinthe - valve sichigwira ntchito chifukwa cha kutentha.

Mafuta nawonso sangathandize kuonjezera kuponderezedwa ngati kulibe chifukwa cha pistoni yomwe yapsa kapena kuphulika kuchokera kuphulika - zizindikiro zidzakhala zofanana ndi pamene valavu ikuwotcha. Mutha kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa pisitoni mosasamala ndi endoscope kapena kuyimva ndi ndodo yayitali yopyapyala kudzera mu kandulo bwino.

Kodi mungayendetse ndi mavavu oyaka?

Kwa iwo omwe, mwa zizindikiro, atsimikiza kuti galimoto yawo ili ndi vuto ndi ma valve, ndipo ali ndi chidwi: kodi n'zotheka kuyendetsa ngati valavu yatenthedwa? - yankho ndi nthawi yomweyo: ndizosafunika kwambiri, izi zingayambitse ndalama zowonjezera. Ngati valavu yayaka kwenikweni, zotsatira zake zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa mota:

• zidutswa za valavu yowonongeka zimawononga pisitoni ndi mutu wa silinda, kuchotsa makoma a silinda, kuswa mphete;
• pamene valavu yoyatsira ikuwotcha, kusakaniza kwa mpweya wa mpweya komwe kumalowa mu cholandira choyatsira kumatha kuyaka pamenepo ndikuphwanya (makamaka kwa olandila pulasitiki);
• kusakaniza koyaka, kupyola mu valve yotayirira, kumayambitsa kutenthedwa kwazinthu zambiri, chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya, gasket, zomwe zimayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa mbali zotayira;
• chisakanizo chomwe sichingawotche bwino mu silinda chimayaka mu utsi, kuwononga chothandizira, sensa ya okosijeni;
• chifukwa kupitiriza kutenthedwa m'deralo, yamphamvu mutu angatsogolere, amene adzafunika mphero yake pa kukonza kapena m'malo.

Momwe mungapewere ma valve oyaka

• Kuwongolera khalidwe la osakaniza mapangidwe ndi nthawi kuyendera makandulo kwa madipoziti mpweya. Ngati ndi yoyera, kusakaniza kumakhala kosauka ndipo kumayenera kusinthidwa.
• Yang'anirani nthawi yosinthira ma spark plugs omwe amaperekedwa ndi malamulo agalimoto yanu.
• poyendetsa gasi, chepetsani nthawi yoyezera ma valve. Yang'anani pa 10 km iliyonse (pamtundu uliwonse wa mafuta) ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, sinthani.
• Thirani mafuta ndi ma octane ovomerezeka ndi wopanga.
• poyendetsa gasi, gwiritsani ntchito chosinthira cha UOZ kapena fimuweya yamitundu iwiri yamafuta amafuta ECU.
• Sinthani mafuta munthawi yake, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimaloledwa ndi wopanga magalimoto.
• Sinthani antifreeze zaka 3 zilizonse kapena pambuyo pa 40-50 Km, pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa katundu wake, kuwunika kuchuluka kwake mu thanki ndi kutentha poyendetsa.
• Chidziwitso cha "Check Engine" chikawonekera pagulu la zida, zindikirani injiniyo pogwiritsa ntchito OBD-2 kuti muthe kuthana ndi mavuto mwachangu.

Potsatira malangizowa, mudzakulitsa moyo wagalimoto, chifukwa ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kuti mupewe kutenthedwa kwa mavavu a injini yoyaka mkati kuposa kuwasintha. Pankhani ya VAZ, pali mwayi wogula mutu wa "moyo" motsika mtengo pa disassembly, koma ngakhale gawo logwiritsidwa ntchito kwa magalimoto akunja likhoza kugunda chikwama chanu.