"Neptune" - Chiyukireniya mzinga zida za m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Kuyesa kwa April kwa missile ya R-360A ya RK-360MS Neptune complex.
Pa Epulo 5, chiwonetsero choyamba chogwira ntchito bwino cha Neptune RK-360MS chodziyimira pawokha chachitetezo cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja chidawonetsedwa kwa anthu pakuyesa kwafakitale, pomwe zida za R-360A zolimbana ndi zombo zidawombera koyamba. Baibulo. Ngakhale zotsatira zenizeni za maphunziro oyambilira oyendetsa ndege zimakhalabe chinsinsi, chiwonetserochi chimapereka chidziwitso pakusintha kwa Neptune ndi kuthekera kwake.
Mayeserowa adachitika pamalo ophunzirira m'dera la Alibey estuary pafupi ndi Odessa. Chombo chowongolera cha R-360A chinamaliza kuwuluka motsatira njira yomwe mwapatsidwa ndi matembenuzidwe anayi. Anagonjetsa gawo lake loyamba pamwamba pa nyanja, akuwuluka 95 km, kenako anasintha katatu ndipo, potsiriza, adalowa m'njira yopita kumalo ophunzirira. Mpaka pano, akuyenda pamtunda wa mamita 300, kenako anayamba kutsika, kusuntha mamita asanu pamwamba pa mafunde mu gawo lomaliza la kuthawa panyanja. Pamapeto pake, adagunda chandamale pansi pafupi ndi poyambira. Anayenda mtunda wa 255 km mu mphindi 13 masekondi 55.
Dongosolo la Neptune linapangidwa ku Ukraine ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri chuma ndi luso lake. Izi zinali zofunikira chifukwa chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chuma, chomwe chili chochepa kwambiri m'dziko lomenyera nkhondo, ndikufulumizitsa gawo lachitukuko ndikufika pakutha kupanga - zonse kuti apereke luso la Viysk-Naval Forces of Ukraine (VMSU) kuteteza zofuna za dziko mwamsanga.
Kufunika kwachangu poyang'anizana ndi chiwopsezo chokulirapo
Pankhani ya Ukraine, kufunikira kokhala ndi machitidwe ake odana ndi zombo kunali kofunika kwambiri poganizira zachitetezo chochokera ku Russian Federation. Udindo wa Asitikali aku Ukraine adafika pamlingo wovuta kwambiri pambuyo pa kulandidwa kwa Crimea ndi Russia m'chaka cha 2014, chifukwa chake gawo lalikulu la kuthekera kopanga zombo zapamadzi ku Sevastopol ndi Nyanja ya Donuzlav idatayika, komanso mabatire olimbana ndi ngalawa a 4K51 a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, akadali opangidwa ndi Soviet. Chifukwa cha kusakhutira kwawo komweko, WMSU sikutha kuthana ndi Black Sea Fleet ya Russian Federation. Kuthekera kwawo sikokwanira kuthana ndi vuto lomwe lingachitike ku Russia pogwiritsa ntchito kuukira kwa amphibious pagombe la Ukraine kapena poyang'anizana ndi chiwopsezo cha kutsekedwa kwa madoko.
Pambuyo pa kulandidwa kwa Crimea, Russia idakulitsa kwambiri mphamvu zake zowononga komanso zodzitchinjiriza m'derali. Moscow inagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chotsutsana ndi sitimayo kumeneko, chomwe chili ndi zigawo zingapo: njira yowunikira pamwamba pamtunda wa 500 km; makina opangira deta omwe akuwafuna komanso machitidwe owongolera moto; komanso galimoto yomenyera nkhondo yomwe imatha kuwuluka mpaka 350 km. Zomalizazi zikuphatikizapo zida za m'mphepete mwa nyanja 3K60 "Bal" ndi K-300P "Bastion-P", komanso "Caliber-NK / PL" pa zombo zapamadzi ndi sitima zapamadzi, komanso ndege za Black Sea Fleet. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka, Navy ndi "Caliber" mu Black Sea m'gulu: owona atatu (frigates) wa polojekiti 11356R ndi sitima zisanu ndi imodzi za polojekiti 06363, kupereka salvo okwana pafupifupi 60 mivi, kuphatikizapo 3M14 kulimbana yaitali. Zolinga zapansi zokhala ndi maulendo othawirako pafupifupi 1500 km, kutengera ambiri ku Europe. Anthu aku Russia alimbitsanso magulu awo omenyera nkhondo amphibious, makamaka potumiza magulu ankhondo ang'onoang'ono komanso othamanga ankhondo apadera, makamaka othandiza m'dera la Nyanja ya Azov.
Poyankha, Ukraine idatumiza zida za rocket za 300mm Wilch, koma zida zoponyedwa pansi zosayendetsedwa kapena zowongoleredwa sizothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi zomwe zikuyenda panyanja. Nzosadabwitsa kuti Neptune-class system inali yofunika kwambiri ku WMSU. Ndikofunikira kuteteza madzi am'madera ndi zovuta, zoyambira zapamadzi, malo oyambira pansi ndi zida zofunika kwambiri, ndikuletsa kutsika kwa adani m'madzi am'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Woyambitsa USPU-360 pankhondo ndi malo okhazikika.
Zida Zadongosolo
Pamapeto pake, gulu lankhondo la Neptune lidzakhala ndi mabatire awiri owombera. Aliyense wa iwo adzalandira: atatu odziyendetsa okha, galimoto yonyamula katundu, galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ndi malo oyendetsa moto C2. Kampani ya boma ya DierżKKB Łucz yaku Kyiv idakhala ngati kontrakitala wamkulu wa R&D yadongosololi. Mgwirizanowu unaphatikizapo makampani a boma "Ukroboronprom", omwe ndi: "Orizon-Navigation", "Impulse", "Vizar", komanso dipatimenti ya Central Design Bureau "Arsenal" ya State Cosmos ya Ukraine ndi makampani apadera LLC "Radionix", TOW "Chida cha Telecard. , UkrInnMash, TOW Magalimoto okhala ndi zida zaku Ukraine, PAT Motor Sich ndi PrAT AvtoKrAZ.
Pakatikati pa dongosololi ndi chida chowongolera cha R-360A, pomwe zida zonse za Neptune zimaphatikizidwa. Uwu ndiye mzinga woyamba waku Ukraine wotsogozedwa wotsutsana ndi zombo, wogwirizana kuti achepetse mtengo komanso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamtunda, pamapulatifomu oyandama komanso amlengalenga (kuphatikiza mitundu ina ya ma helikoputala). Cholinga chake ndi kuwononga zombo zapamtunda ndi zombo, sitima zotsika ndi zonyamula asilikali zomwe zikuyenda paokha kapena m'magulu. Ikhozanso kulimbana ndi zolinga zapansi pamlingo wina. Linapangidwa kuti lizigwira ntchito usana ndi usiku, muzochitika zilizonse za hydrometeorological ndikuthana ndi chinthu chowukiridwa (kusokoneza ndi kuchitapo kanthu, zida zodzitetezera). Zoponya zimatha kuwulutsidwa payekhapayekha kapena mu salvo (nthawi ya masekondi 3-5) kuti muwonjezere mwayi wogunda chandamale.
