Mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati ndi injini yamagetsi - momwe mungatanthauzire? Onani ngati nambala ya km ndiyo yofunika kwambiri!

Zofunika kwambiri manambala magawo a galimoto ndi mphamvu injini ndi mphamvu. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mfundo zimenezi? Mphamvu zikuwonetsa momwe zinthu zimayenderana. Gawo lake ndi newtons. Mphamvu, kumbali ina, imasonyeza chiŵerengero cha ntchito ndi nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti ichite. Mu injini, izi zimakhudza kwambiri kuzungulira kwa unit. Momwe mungawerengere mphamvu ya injini? KW ndiye gawo lomwe lingakhale lothandiza. Timapereka ma nuances ndikuwonetsa momwe tingawerengere mphamvu ya unit yoyendetsa!

Mphamvu ya injini - ndichiyani?

Nthawi zambiri amati galimoto ndi mtundu wina wa injini ali 100 kapena 150 ndiyamphamvu. Komabe, mayunitsiwa sali mbali ya mayunitsi a SI ndipo ayenera kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku kilowatts (kW). Chifukwa chake, mu pepala la data lagalimoto mupeza zambiri za kuchuluka kwa kW injiniyo, osati mphamvu yamahatchi. Mphamvu ya injini ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndipo imayesedwa pa shaft ya unit kapena mawilo (mwachitsanzo, pa dynamometer). Mwachibadwa, muyeso mwachindunji pa injini adzapereka mtengo wapamwamba pang'ono. Kuonjezera apo, izi sizowonjezereka, chifukwa zimadalira kubweza.

Momwe mungawerengere mphamvu zamagalimoto (kW)?

Kuti muwerenge mphamvu yamagalimoto mu kW, pamafunika zinthu ziwiri:

• torque;
• liwiro la injini.

Tiyerekeze kuti mukufuna kugula injini yomwe imapanga 160 Nm ya torque pa 2500 rpm. Kuti mutenge mphamvu mu kilowatts, muyenera kuchulukitsa mfundozi ndikugawa ndi 9549,3. Mudzapeza phindu lanji? Iwo likukhalira kuti injini pa mfundo imeneyi kasinthasintha umabala mphamvu ya 41,88 kW. Wonjezerani zotsatira ndi 1,36 kuti mutenge mtengo mu km. Izi zimapereka pafupifupi 57 hp.

Mphamvu yovotera ya injini yoyaka mkati - imaperekedwa bwanji?

Mphamvu yovotera imawonetsa mphamvu zothandiza. Imayesedwa nthawi zonse pa shaft ya injini, ndipo ngati injini zoyatsira mkati zimawonetsedwa kW kapena hp. Chonde dziwani kuti mphamvu ya injini si mtengo wokhazikika. Zimadalira kwambiri liwiro la injini ndi torque. Ndicho chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mayunitsi a petulo ndi dizilo ali ndi makhalidwe osiyana kwambiri, ndipo ndizosamveka kuwononga woyamba kuthamanga kwambiri. Kodi kumvetsa izo?

Chomera chamagetsi chamagetsi amagetsi ndi injini zoyatsira mkati komanso kukopa kwakusintha

Tiyeni tibwererenso ku tanthauzo la torque. Izi ndizo mphamvu zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu newtons. Imakamba za kusintha malo a thupi la misa inayake ndi mathamangitsidwe enaake. Ma injini a dizilo ali ndi torque yambiri m'munsi mwa rpm. Nthawi zambiri amafika pamtengo wawo pamlingo wa 1500-3500 rpm. Kenako mumamva ngati akukanikizidwa pampando. Uwu ndi mtundu wotsatizana womwe umachepetsa pamene chiwongoladzanja chikuwonjezeka kupitirira malire awa.

Mphamvu ndi torque ya injini zamafuta

Injini ya petulo ndi yosiyana kwambiri, ngakhale pogwiritsa ntchito turbocharger, kusiyana kumeneku kumachotsedwa. Nthawi zambiri amafika makokedwe awo pazipita mozungulira 4000-5500 rpm. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mayunitsi amafuta omwe amafunidwa mwachilengedwe amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya injini kumtunda kwa zosinthazo ndipo amathamangiramo.

Zomwe zimafunikira - hp. kapena nm?

Mwinamwake mwawonapo kuti malongosoledwe agalimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza mphamvu ya injini inayake. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zozungulira komanso "zokongola" manambala. Mwachitsanzo, mayunitsi a dizilo a VAG pa nthawi ina anali ndi 90, 110, 130 ndi 150 hp. Izi zinathandiza kukulitsa chidwi cha magalimoto pawokha. Komabe, pakugwira ntchito kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuti muyende bwino, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri si mphamvu ya injini, koma torque yake. Chifukwa chiyani?

Chifukwa chiyani torque nthawi zina imanena zambiri kuposa mphamvu ya injini?

Kusinthasintha kwa chipangizocho kumadalira kuchuluka kwa Nm injini yomwe yapatsidwa komanso momwe liwiro limapangidwira. Ndicho chifukwa chake injini zazing'ono zili ndi turbocharger. Chifukwa cha izi, safunikira kusungidwa pa liwiro lalikulu kuti apeze magawo ogwirira ntchito oyenera. Izi zimakhala zothandiza mukakhala ndi katundu wambiri, monga kuyendetsa galimoto ndi katundu wambiri, kupitirira kapena kuyendetsa galimoto yokwera. Ndiye n'zoonekeratu kuti injini yaing'ono mafuta ayenera kusungidwa mkati 3-4 zikwi. rpm kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Dizilo, kumbali ina, safuna RPM yochuluka chotere kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta bwino. Posankha galimoto, samalani ndi kuchuluka kwa mahatchi omwe mtundu woperekedwa uli nawo. Onaninso momwe zimakhalira mphamvu ndi torque. Zimachitika kuti mayunitsi awiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu yofanana amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana, chifukwa amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Choncho kumbukirani kuti mphamvu injini si chirichonse. Ma torque othamanga komanso opezeka kwambiri ndi omwe amafunikira kuti aziyenda bwino.