Ndi liti komanso momwe kuli kofunika kusintha mavavu pa VAZ 2105: ndondomeko ndondomeko ndi zithunzi ndi mavidiyo

Ngakhale mapangidwe osavuta a ma valve ndi zisindikizo za tsinde la injini, zinthuzi zimagwira ntchito yofunikira, popanda zomwe kugwira ntchito kwamagetsi sikutheka. Kuchita bwino kwa injini mwachindunji kumadalira ntchito yoyenera ya mavavu: mphamvu, kawopsedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Chifukwa chake, kukhulupirika kwawo, monga kusintha zilolezo, ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Cholinga cha mavavu mu injini VAZ 2105

Mu injini ya VAZ 2105, monga mu injini ina iliyonse yoyaka mkati, mavavu ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha makina ogawa gasi. Pa "zisanu" mu gawo la mphamvu, ma valve 8 amagwiritsidwa ntchito: pali ma valve 2 pa silinda iliyonse, cholinga chachikulu chomwe ndi kugawa bwino kwa mpweya. Kudzera m'magulu, mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya amaperekedwa ku chipinda choyatsira moto kudzera muzolowera zambiri ndipo mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umatulutsidwa kudzera muutsi. Pakawonongeka ndi valavu iliyonse, ntchito ya makina ogawa gasi, komanso injini yonseyi, imasokonezeka.

Mavavu omwe ali pamutu wa silinda amapereka chisakanizo chamafuta ndi mpweya kuchipinda choyaka ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya.

Vavu kusintha pa Vaz 2105

Magalimoto a banja la VAZ, monga VAZ 2101/07, ali ndi injini ndi mapangidwe ofanana. Kusiyanasiyana kuli, monga lamulo, muzochita zina zamakono. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wokonza ndi kukonza nokha. Kukhazikika kwa injini ya VAZ 2105 sikutheka popanda mavavu osinthidwa bwino. Njirayi ndi yoyenera pamitengo yonse yamagetsi yamitundu yakale ya Zhiguli. Chofunikira pakusintha ndikusintha kusiyana pakati pa rocker ndi camshaft cam. Chonde dziwani kuti kusintha kuyenera kuchitika pagalimoto yozizira.

Ndi liti ndipo chifukwa chiyani kusintha kwa valve kuli kofunikira?

Kusintha kwa mavavu pa Vaz 2105 kumayamba ngati kuphwanya kusiyana. Kuti mumvetse zomwe zizindikirozo ndi zomwe zingayambitse kusiyana kolakwika, ndi bwino kumvetsetsa mphindi ino mwatsatanetsatane. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kuwongolera kwanthawi kolakwika ndi kukhalapo kwa kugogoda kwachitsulo pamutu wa silinda. Poyamba, kugogoda uku kumawonekera kokha mu imodzi mwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito injini, mwachitsanzo, osagwira ntchito, koma pamene galimoto ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, idzawoneka m'njira zonse.

Kusiyanaku kumatha kusiyana mmwamba ndi pansi kuchokera pamtengo wadzina. Mulimonsemo, chizindikiro cholakwika chidzakhudza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini. Pankhani ya kuchepetsedwa kwa chilolezo, valavu idzapanikizidwa ndi rocker, zomwe zingayambitse kuphwanya kulimba kwa silinda ndi kuchepa kwa kuponderezana. Chotsatira chake, kuyaka kwa ntchito ya valve ndi mpando wake ndizotheka.

Gawo la mutu wa silinda pamodzi ndi valavu yotulutsa mpweya: 1 - mutu wa silinda; 2 - valve yotulutsa mpweya; 3 - kapu yamafuta opopera; 4 - valavu ya valve; 5 - camshaft kubala nyumba; 6 - camshaft; 7 - kukonza bawuti; 8 - bawuti loko nati; A - kusiyana pakati pa lever ndi camshaft cam

Ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, kutuluka kwa chisakanizo cha mafuta ndi mpweya mu chipinda choyaka moto kudzachepa chifukwa cha nthawi yaifupi yotsegula valve. Kuonjezera apo, mpweya udzatulutsidwa mu voliyumu yosakwanira. Kuti tipewe mikangano yomwe ili pa "zisanu", kusintha kwa valve kumafunika 15-20 km iliyonse. thamanga.

Zida zosinthira

Chimodzi mwazofunikira pakuwongolera koyenera kwa ma valve ndi kupezeka kwa zida zofunikira komanso chidziwitso chazomwe zimachitika. Kuchokera pazida muyenera kukonzekera mndandanda wotsatirawu:

• kiyi yapadera yozungulira crankshaft;
• mawotchi otseguka ndi zitsulo (za 8, 10, 13, 17);
• zotsekemera;
• fufuzani ndi makulidwe a 0,15 mm.

Chilolezo chotentha cha ma valve chimasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wapadera waukulu

Njira yosinthira ikuchitika ndi kafukufuku wapadera, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito panjira yomwe ikufunsidwa.

Njira yosinthira

Musanasinthidwe, m'pofunika kuchotsa zinthu zina, monga fyuluta ya mpweya ndi nyumba yake, chingwe choyamwa kuchokera ku carburetor, ndodo ya throttle, ndi chivundikiro cha valve. Zingakhale zothandiza kuchotsa chivundikirocho kuchokera kwa wogawira moto kuti pasasokonezedwe ndi kusintha. Poyamba, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa njira injini ndi zizindikiro: pali zizindikiro pa crankshaft pulley ndi kutsogolo nthawi chivundikirocho. Timayika chizindikiro pa pulley moyang'anizana ndi kutalika kwa zoopsa zomwe zili pachivundikirocho.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ma valve amayendetsedwa motsatira ndondomeko inayake. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yosinthira bwino nthawi.

Musanayambe kusintha chilolezo cha valve, yikani crankshaft ndi camshaft malinga ndi zizindikiro

Kusintha kuli ndi izi:

1. Pambuyo pa malo a crankshaft akhazikitsidwa molingana ndi zizindikiro, timayang'ana chilolezocho ndi chowunikira pa makamera a 6 ndi 8 a camshaft. Kuti muchite izi, ikani chida pakati pa rocker ndi camshaft cam. Ngati kafukufukuyo alowa mosavutikira, palibe kusintha komwe kumafunikira.
   

   Kuti muwone kutentha kwa ma valve, ikani kafukufuku pakati pa rocker ndi kamera ya camshaft.
2. Kusintha ndikofunikira ngati kafukufukuyo ndi wovuta kulowa kapena kumasuka kwambiri. Timayendetsa ndondomekoyi ndi makiyi 13 ndi 17. Choyamba timagwira mutu wa bolt, ndipo chachiwiri timamasula mtedza wa loko. Kenaka timayika kafukufukuyo ndipo, pozungulira bolt, sankhani malo omwe mukufuna. Titakulunga nati ndikuchita muyeso wowongolera.
   

   Kuti tisinthe kusiyana, timagwiritsa ntchito makiyi a 13 ndi 17. Timagwira bolt poyamba, ndikumasula nati ya loko ndi yachiwiri. Potembenuza bolt timapeza chilolezo chomwe tikufuna
3. Timayesa ndikusintha chilolezo pa ma valve otsalawo motsatira ndondomeko yomweyo. Kuti muchite izi, tembenuzani crankshaft 180˚ ndikusintha mavavu 4 ndi 7.
4. Timatembenuza crankshaft theka lina kuti tisinthe mavavu 1 ndi 3.
   

   Ndi kiyi yapadera, tembenuzirani crankshaft theka lina kuti musinthe mavavu 1 ndi 3
5. Kumapeto kwa ndondomekoyi, timasintha chilolezo pa ma valve 2 ndi 5.

Njira yosinthira sizovuta kwambiri chifukwa imafunikira chidwi, kulondola komanso kulondola. Pozungulira crankshaft, ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsa bwino zilembo. Kuti mumvetse bwino ndondomekoyi, tebulo limaperekedwa momwe zimamvekera bwino kuti ndi valve iti komanso malo omwe crankshaft iyenera kusinthidwa.

Table: kusintha chilolezo matenthedwe mavavu Vaz 2105

Njingayo yosinthasintha crankshaft (gr)	Njingayo yosinthasintha camshaft (gr)	Manambala Cylinder	Manambala chosinthika vavu
0	0	4 ndi 3	8 ndi 6
180	90	2 ndi 4	4 ndi 7
360	180	1 ndi 2	1 ndi 3
540	270	3 ndi 1	5 ndi 2

Pambuyo pazochitikazo, timasonkhanitsa zinthu zowonongeka motsatira dongosolo.

Video: kusintha ma valve pa chitsanzo cha VAZ 2105 ndi lamba

GT (Garage Themes) Kusintha kwa vavu pa VAZ 2105 (2101 2107)

Makhalidwe ochotsera

Panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, kutentha ndi kufalikira kwa mbali zake kumachitika. Kuonetsetsa kuti valavu yokwanira bwino, kusiyana kwa kutentha kumafunika, komwe pa VAZ 2101/07 magalimoto ayenera kukhala 0,15 mm, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kukula kwa kafukufuku wogwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza.

Zisindikizo za ma valve

Zisindikizo za tsinde la valavu, zomwe zimatchedwanso kuti ma valve seal, zimalepheretsa mafuta kulowa m'chipinda choyatsira injini. Monga mbali zina za mphamvu zamagetsi, zipewa zimatha pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimakhudza kuchepetsa mphamvu zawo. Zotsatira zake, mafuta amayamba kutuluka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zovuta zina.

Zophimba zamafuta zimalepheretsa mafuta kulowa mchipinda choyaka

Kodi ma valve seals ndi chiyani?

Njira yowerengera nthawi imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya ma valve: kulowetsa ndi kutulutsa. Pamwamba pa tsinde la valavu nthawi zonse kumagwirizana ndi camshaft, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta a injini awonongeke. Mbali yakumbuyo ya valavu yolowera ili pamalo pomwe kuyimitsidwa kwa madontho amafuta, ndipo chinthu chotulutsa mpweya chili m'dera la mpweya wotentha.

The camshaft sangathe kugwira ntchito popanda mafuta nthawi zonse. Komabe, kulowa mafuta mkati mwa silinda ndi njira yosafunikira. Pongofuna kuti mafuta asalowe m'chipinda choyaka, zisindikizo za tsinde la valve zidapangidwa. Mapangidwe a bokosi losungiramo zinthu ndiloti ndi chithandizo chake, panthawi ya kayendedwe ka valve, mafuta amachotsedwa pa tsinde.

Kodi kuika valavu tsinde zisindikizo pa Vaz 2105

Ngati kuli kofunikira kuti musinthe zisindikizo za valve pa "zisanu", funso lofanana likubwera - ndi zipewa ziti zomwe mungasankhe kuti zikhale nthawi yayitali? Kutengera zomwe zachitikira oyendetsa galimoto ambiri, ayenera kusankha opanga monga Elring, Victor Reinz ndi Corteco.

Mukasintha zisindikizo za valve, muyenera kusankha zinthu zabwino kuchokera kwa opanga monga Elring, Victor Reinz ndi Corteco.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azivala

Kuti mumvetse zomwe zingatheke pogwiritsira ntchito injini yokhala ndi zisindikizo zowonongeka, ndi bwino kuganizira zizindikiro za kulephera kwawo. M'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti zisoti zakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• utsi wotuwa poyambitsa injini, ndipo ikawotha, imasowa;
• kaboni madipoziti pa spark plugs;
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta.

Chizindikiro choyamba chimasonyeza kuti chipewa chophwanyika chimalowetsa mafuta mpaka kuzizira, ndipo injini ikatenthedwa chifukwa cha kukula, gawolo limatha kugwira ntchito zake. Maonekedwe a mwaye akhoza kugwirizana osati ndi valavu zisindikizo, kotero inu muyenera kuchita diagnostics injini kudziwa molondola vuto. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti moyo wautumiki wa cuffs ndi pafupifupi 70-80 km. Ngati mutatha kuthamanga koteroko pali zizindikiro zowonongeka, ndiye kuti mwayi woti vutoli liri mwa iwo ukuwonjezeka.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, chisindikizo cha valve chimakhala chosagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chimafuna kusinthidwa kwa chinthucho

Ena eni magalimoto samayika kufunikira kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro za kusagwira ntchito kwa zinthu zosindikizira, ndipo kwenikweni pachabe. Ngakhale kuti galimoto akadali kuyendetsa ndipo palibe mavuto chogwirika, mavuto aakulu injini n'zotheka m'tsogolo. Tengani mafuta osachepera. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwake, "njala ya mafuta" ya injini ikuwonekera, yomwe imatsogolera ku kuvala msanga kwa ziwalo, pambuyo pake kukonzanso kwakukulu kumafunika. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta opangira ma mota siwotsika mtengo. Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera mafuta nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti izi sizingawonekere mu bajeti mwanjira yabwino.

Ndi kulowa kosalekeza kwa mafuta m'chipinda choyaka moto, makandulo amalephera msanga, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito yamagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma depositi a kaboni amapangidwa osati pamakandulo okha, komanso pamavavu, ma pistoni, ndi makoma a silinda. Kodi zikuwopseza chiyani? Vuto lofala kwambiri ndi ma valve oyaka. Kuchokera pa izi tikhoza kunena kuti kuvala kwa cuffs kungayambitse mavuto aakulu komanso ndalama zambiri zachuma. Choncho, ngati zizindikiro zowonongeka zimapezeka pazisindikizo, musachedwe kuzisintha.

Ngati zisindikizo za tsinde za valavu zawonongeka, mpweya wa carbon umapanga mkati mwa makoma a cylinders, pistoni, ndi ma valve.

Momwe mungasinthire zisindikizo za valavu pa Vaz 2105

Kusintha zipewa sikutheka popanda chida choyenera, kotero muyenera kusamalira kukonzekera kwake. Kuti tichite ndondomekoyi, tifunika:

• valve desiccant;
• chida chochotsera kapu;
• ma tweezers, pliers yaitali mphuno kapena maginito chogwirira;
• ndodo yachitsulo yofewa.

Kuti mulowetse zisindikizo za tsinde la valve, mudzafunika zida zinazake, zomwe zimakhala ndi cracker, chosindikizira mafuta, makiyi, tweezers.

Choyamba muyenera kuchita ntchito yokonzekera, yomwe imagwera mpaka kugwetsa zonse zomwe zingasokoneze m'malo mwa zipewa. Zinthu izi zimaphatikizapo fyuluta ya mpweya pamodzi ndi nyumba, chivundikiro cha valve, chingwe choyamwa ndi kukwera kuchokera pa gasi kupita ku carburetor. Njira zina zosinthira zimakhala ndi izi:

1. Timayika crankshaft pamalo pomwe masilindala 1 ndi 4 azikhala pa TDC.
   

   Timayika crankshaft pamalo omwe ma silinda 1 ndi 4 adzakhala pa TDC: chizindikiro pa pulley chiyenera kukhala chosiyana ndi kutalika kwa chiwopsezo pachivundikiro cha nthawi.
2. Masulani bawuti ya camshaft.
   

   Timapinda m'mphepete mwa makina ochapira a camshaft sprocket bolt, pambuyo pake timamasula zomangira.
3. Timamasula kumangiriza kwa tensioner ya unyolo, kumasula unyolo ndikumangitsa mtedza.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 13, masulani mtedza wa tensioner cap. Kupumitsa tsamba lokwera pa nsapato yotchinga, timafinya ndodo yolumikizira ndikuyikonza ndikumangitsa mtedza wa kapu.
4. Timamasula bolt yoteteza zida za camshaft ndikuchotsa. Kuti unyolo usagwe, waya angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza.
   

   Timachotsa sprocket pamodzi ndi unyolo wa camshaft ndikuyiyika mumutu wa block. Kuti unyolo usadumphe, timaumanga ku nyenyezi
5. Timamasula zomangira za nyumba zonyamula ndikuchotsa msonkhanowo kuchokera pamutu wa block.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 13, masulani mtedza asanu ndi anayi kuti muteteze nyumba ya camshaft.
6. Timamasula kandulo ya silinda yoyamba ndikuyika zitsulo zofewa mu dzenje kuti tigwire valavu.
   

   Pakati pa pisitoni ndi mbale ya valve (yomwe timasinthira kapu), timayika zitsulo zofewa ndi m'mimba mwake pafupifupi 8 mm. Pazovuta kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito screwdriver
7. Kupondereza kasupe, timagwiritsa ntchito cracker, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi pliers yaitali mphuno kapena tweezers, timatulutsa mavavu crackers. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mungagwiritse ntchito maginito.
   

   Timakanikiza akasupe a valve ndi cracker ndikuchotsa crackers ndi tweezers
8. Chotsani mbale yapamwamba, akasupe ndi zochapira zothandizira.
   

   Chotsani mbale yapamwamba, akasupe ndi zochapira zothandizira pa tsinde la valve
9. Timayika chochotsa kapu pa valve ndikuchotsa gland.
   

   Mukhoza kuchotsa kapu ndi screwdriver kapena chida chapadera.
10. Kuti tiyikenso khafu yatsopano, timayimiritsa ndi mafuta a injini ndikugwiritsa ntchito chokoka kuti tiyike pa tsinde la valve.
    

    Mafuta m'mphepete mwa kapu yatsopano ndi mafuta a injini ndikuyika pa tsinde la valve
11. Timabwereza ndondomeko yomweyo ndi valve yachinayi.
12. Titatembenuza crankshaft theka, timawumitsa ma valve 2 ndi 3. Timasintha zisindikizo mofananamo.
13. Kutembenuza crankshaft 180˚, ndiyeno theka linanso, timasintha zisoti pamavavu ofanana.

Pambuyo poika zisindikizo zonse, timasonkhanitsa makinawo motsatira ndondomeko. Tisanayike camshaft m'malo mwake, pozungulira crankshaft, timayika chotsitsa chogawa pamalo pomwe chidachotsedwa. Pambuyo pa msonkhano, zimatsalira kuti zisinthe kutentha kwa ma valve.

Kanema: kusintha zipewa zamafuta pamitundu yakale ya VAZ

Momwe mungasinthire zisindikizo za valavu pa VAZ popanda kuchotsa mutu

Chivundikiro cha valve

Eni Vaz 2105, monga zitsanzo zina tingachipeze powerenga, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto la injini wochuluka. Mkhalidwe wosasangalatsa ukhoza kudziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono komanso ofunika kwambiri, omwe amasonyeza kulephera kwa chivundikiro cha valve gasket. Kusintha chisindikizo si ntchito yovuta ndipo pamafunika khama ndi zida zochepa, monga:

• flat screwdriver;
• zolimbitsa kwa 10;
• 10 tchati.

M'malo valavu chivundikiro gasket pa VAZ 2105

Ntchito yosinthira chisindikizo cha valve pa "zisanu" ikuchitika motere:

1. Kuti tipeze chivundikiro chaulere, timachotsa fyuluta ya mpweya ndi nyumba, yomwe imamangiriridwa ku carburetor.
   

   Kuti mupeze chivundikiro cha valve, muyenera kuchotsa fyuluta ya mpweya ndi nyumba yake
2. Chotsani payipi ya crankcase exhaust pomasula choletsa.
3. Lumikizani ndodo ya carburetor throttle drive ndi chingwe choyamwa.
   

   Ndi screwdriver yopyapyala timapukutira ndikuchotsa kasupe kasupe, kulumikiza ndodo ku throttle drive shaft
4. Timamasula mtedza woteteza chivundikiro cha valve ndi fungulo la 10. Kuti mukhale omasuka, mungagwiritse ntchito ratchet ndi mutu wa miyeso yoyenera.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 10, masulani mtedza asanu ndi atatuwo kuti muteteze chivundikiro chamutu cha silinda
5. Pambuyo pomasula zomangira, chotsani zochapira ndikuchotsa chivundikirocho kuchokera pazitsulo pamtunda wina.
   

   Chophimba cha valve chiyenera kuchotsedwa pazitsulo pamtunda wina
6. Chivundikirocho chikachotsedwa, chotsani gasket yakale ndikupukuta mipando pamutu wa silinda ndi chivundikirocho chokha ndi chiguduli choyera. Kenaka timayika chisindikizo chatsopano pazitsulo.
   

   Timachotsa gasket yakale, kupukuta mipando pamutu ndi kuphimba, kuika chisindikizo chatsopano
7. Timayika chivundikirocho ndi zinthu zonse motsatira dongosolo.

Kuyimitsa chivundikiro cha valve

Pofuna kupewa kupotoza pokweza chivundikiro cha valve, mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa mwadongosolo linalake, monga momwe zikuwonekera pa chithunzi pansipa.

Chivundikiro cha valve mutalowa m'malo mwa gasket chiyenera kumangika motsatizana

Maonekedwe a zovuta zilizonse kapena zizindikiro zawo zokhudzana ndi kuvala kwa zisindikizo za valve kapena ma valve okhawo sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ngati musintha gawo lolephera kapena kusintha kofunikira munthawi yake, mutha kupewa kukonza injini zodula. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira luso la gawo lamagetsi ndikukonza zofunikira molingana ndi malingaliro a wopanga.