Cardan shaft: ndichiyani?
Kutumiza kwagalimoto kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri - imayendetsa kuzungulira kwa crankshaft kumawilo.
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zamapatsirana:
- clutch - tidakambirana za Vodi.su, imalumikiza ndikudula bokosi la gear ndi crankshaft flywheel;
- gearbox - imakupatsani mwayi wosinthira yunifolomu ya crankshaft kukhala njira ina yoyendetsera;
- zida za cardan kapena cardan - zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi kumbuyo kapena magudumu onse, zimathandizira kusamutsa kuthamanga kwa chitsulo choyendetsa;
- kusiyana - kugawa nthawi yoyenda pakati pa mawilo oyendetsa;
- gearbox - kuonjezera kapena kuchepetsa torque, kumapereka liwiro lokhazikika.
Ngati titenga gearbox wamba wamba, tiwona ma shaft atatu omwe adapangidwa:
- choyambirira kapena chotsogolera - chimalumikiza bokosi la gear ku flywheel kudzera pa clutch;
- yachiwiri - yolumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi cardan, ndiyomwe idapangidwa kuti isamutse makokedwe ku cardan, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kupita ku mawilo oyendetsa;
- wapakatikati - amasamutsa kasinthasintha kuchokera ku shaft yolowera kupita ku sekondale.
Cholinga cha driveline
Dalaivala aliyense amene amayendetsa galimoto yakumbuyo-gudumu kapena magalimoto onse, ndipo makamaka pa GAZon kapena ZIL-130, adawona shaft ya cardan - chitoliro chachitali chokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri - chachitali ndi chachifupi. amalumikizidwa wina ndi mzake ndi chithandizo chapakati ndi mtanda, kupanga hinge. Kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa cardan, mumatha kuwona ma flanges olumikizana mwamphamvu ndi chitsulo chakumbuyo ndi shaft yotuluka kuchokera mu gearbox.
Ntchito yayikulu ya cardan sikuti kungosamutsa kasinthasintha kuchokera ku gearbox kupita ku gearbox yakumbuyo, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi imafalikira ndi kusinthasintha kwa magawo omwe afotokozedwa, kapena, m'chilankhulo chosavuta, kulumikizana kolimba kwa mawilo oyendetsa omwe ali ndi tsinde lotulutsa la bokosi la gear amaperekedwa, pomwe samalepheretsa kuyenda kodziyimira pawokha kwa mawilo ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa thupi.
Komanso, chipangizo cha galimoto ndi chotere, makamaka pankhani ya magalimoto, kuti bokosi lili pamwamba poyerekezera ndi pamwamba kuposa kumbuyo gwero gearbox. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufalitsa mphindi yakuyenda pamakona ena, ndipo chifukwa cha chipangizo chofotokozera cha cardan, izi ndizotheka. Komanso, poyendetsa galimoto, chimango cha galimoto chikhoza kupunduka pang'ono - kwenikweni ndi mamilimita, koma chipangizo cha cardan chimakulolani kunyalanyaza zosintha zazing'onozi.
Ndiyeneranso kunena kuti zida za cardan zimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati pazitsulo zonse ndi magalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo, komanso zimayikidwa pazitsulo zoyendetsa kutsogolo. Zowona, apa zimatchedwa mosiyana - SHRUS - ma hinges a ma velocities ofanana aang'ono. Malumikizidwe a CV amalumikiza kusiyana kwa gearbox ndi ma gudumu akutsogolo.
Nthawi zambiri, mfundo ya kufala kwa cardan imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina:
- chiwongolero chapansi ndi chapamwamba cha cardan;
- polumikiza bokosi lolowera ndi bokosi la gearbox - pamagalimoto opanda msewu okhala ndi pulagi-magudumu onse, monga UAZ-469;
- pochotsa mphamvu ya injini - shaft yochokera ku gearbox ya thirakitala imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa zida zosiyanasiyana zaulimi kudzera pa cardan, mwachitsanzo, okumba mbatata kapena obzala, ma disc harrows, mbewu, ndi zina zotero.
chipangizo
Monga tafotokozera kale, mtengo wa cardan uli ndi mapaipi awiri opanda pake omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi cholumikizira chozungulira. Kutsogolo kuli chodzigudubuza chopindika chomwe chimalumikizana ndi shaft ya gearbox pogwiritsa ntchito adapter.
Pakulumikizana kwa magawo awiri a cardan, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mphanda, ndipo amalumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito mtanda. Mapeto aliwonse a mtanda amakhala ndi singano. Mafoloko amayikidwa pazinyalalazi ndipo chifukwa cha iwo, kusuntha kwa kasinthasintha kumatheka kuchokera ku tsinde kupita ku lina pamene ngodya imapangidwa kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 35 madigiri, kutengera chipangizocho. Chabwino, kumbuyo, cardan imakulungidwa ku gearbox pogwiritsa ntchito flange, yomwe imayikidwa pazitsulo zinayi.
Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndi chithandizo chapakati, mkati mwake momwe muli mpira. Thandizo limapangidwira pansi pa galimotoyo, ndipo kunyamula kumalola shaft kusinthasintha momasuka.
Monga tikuonera, chipangizocho ndi chophweka, kutengera mfundo ya hinge. Komabe, mainjiniya amayenera kuwerengera ndendende kuti zinthu zonse zoyimitsidwa zigwire ntchito moyenera komanso mwadongosolo.
Tikutsegula...
