ndi chiyani? Ubwino ndi kuipa

Polankhula za ma SUV patsamba lathu, tidanena kuti pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamapangidwe amthupi:

• chimango - UAZ-Patriot, Mitsubishi L200, Jeep Wrangler ndi ena;
• thupi lonyamula katundu - pafupifupi ma sedans onse ndi hatchbacks;
• chimango chophatikizika.

Ndiwo chimango chophatikizika, tipereka nkhaniyi.

Kuti muthane ndi mutuwo, choyamba muyenera kukumbukira za kapangidwe ka mitundu iwiriyo. Choncho, chimango wamba galimoto ndi dongosolo ngati makwerero. Zinthu zake zazikulu ndi spars ndi crossbars, zolumikizidwa ndi ma welds, rivets, mabawuti owonjezera mphamvu.

Chojambula choterechi chimapereka kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa nsanja ndi kudziyimira pawokha kwa thupi - zimatha kusuntha molingana ndi chimango, chomwe chili chofunikira poyendetsa msewu kapena pankhani yamagalimoto. Kabatiyo amamangiriridwa papulatifomu ndi ma rivets kapena mabawuti, ndipo ma cushion olimba a rabara amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa kugwedezeka.

Kubereka thupi kapena maziko - thupi structural ophatikizidwa ndi chimango ndi chimodzi ndi izo. Titha kunena kuti kabatiyo imawotchedwa ku chimango, kapena, pankhani ya magalimoto amakono, kabati yokhala ndi chimango imasindikizidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo chimodzi. Kapangidwe kameneka ndi kokongola kwa wopanga chifukwa cha kupepuka kwake, koma nthawi yomweyo, chitonthozo chimasokonekera - zolakwika zilizonse zimawoneka zowawa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, galimoto yamtunduwu imatha kuyendetsedwa m'misewu yocheperako kapena yocheperako.

Chimango chophatikizika (mapangidwe a thupi) ndi njira yosinthira pakati pa mitundu iwiri yomwe tafotokozayi.

Zofunikira zake zazikulu:

• chimango pa spars ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi thupi mothandizidwa ndi welds;
• thupi silimalekanitsidwa ndipo limatenga katundu wonse molingana ndi nsanja;
• pali ma spars okwanira omwe akulumikiza kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwagalimoto;
• zopingasa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuumitsa.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti opanga akuwongolera nthawi zonse chipangizo cha chonyamulira cha magalimoto, kotero m'mbiri yonse yamakampani opanga magalimoto adawonekera mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma ngati titenga, mwachitsanzo, chimango cha SUV ndi SUV yokhala ndi chimango chophatikizika, kusiyana kuli koonekeratu:

• chimango - kugwirizana kwa chimango ndi thupi ndi detachable, ndiye kuti, popanda zovuta kwambiri, mukhoza kuchotsa kabati ndi kukhazikitsanso pa nsanja latsopano;
• mawonekedwe othandizira chimango - mutha kuchotsa kabati kokha ndi chopukusira, ndikudula.

Chifukwa chake, thupi lophatikizika limafanana kwambiri ndi chonyamulira, kusiyana kuli mwatsatanetsatane: yoyamba imagwiritsa ntchito ma spars odzaza, yachiwiri imagwiritsa ntchito ma subframes omwe amatha kukhala kutsogolo kwagalimoto pansi pa injini ndi gearbox, kapena kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kokha kuti aumitse.

Kutengera zomwe zili pamwambapa, mfundo zotsatirazi zitha kuganiziridwa:

• thupi lonyamula katundu - chisankho choyenera pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati omwe amasuntha kwambiri pamtunda wapamwamba wa asphalt;
• chimango chophatikizika - pafupifupi ma SUV onse (ma crossovers), ma pickups, ma SUV ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ma minivans okwana 5-7;
• kumanga chimango - ma crossovers akulu akulu ndi ma SUV, magalimoto, mabasi, minibasi, makina aulimi, magalimoto othamanga.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Mapangidwe amtundu wa chimango sangakhale angwiro, komabe, monga ena aliwonse, komabe, ndiwotchuka pazifukwa zingapo:

• kusonkhana kosavuta - mu sitolo yowotcherera, chimango chimawotchedwa ndi thupi, popanda zowonjezera zowonjezera;
• katundu amagawidwa mofanana pamtunda wonse;
• chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, galimotoyo imakhala yosavuta kuyendetsa;
• Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu ya torsion - thupi silidzapunthwa panthawi ya braking mwadzidzidzi, pamapindika, panthawi yolemetsa.

Palinso kuipa:

• kukonza zovuta - chimango chophatikizika sichingakonzedwe, chowotcherera chokha, makamaka ngati dzimbiri zawoneka;
• otsika mphamvu kwa nsanja chimango;
• kutopa kwachitsulo kumachulukanso mu welds, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuvala kofulumira ndi kachitidwe koyendetsa mwaukali.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zovuta zake, chifukwa ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa zoyenera.

Tikutsegula...