Kodi kumangitsa kolimba kwa mabawuti akumutu kwa silinda ndi chiyani?

Mtengo wazinthu zonse zomangirira mu injini ndizokwera kwambiri. Ichi ndi axiom. Kulimbitsidwa kwa ma bolts amutu wa silinda sichoncho.

Makhalidwe omangitsa ma bawuti akumutu kwa silinda

Chifukwa? Ndipo iye ndi wophweka. Tangoganizirani zomwe zimanyamula ma fasteners onse: kugwedezeka kosalekeza, kutentha kwamisala. Chifukwa cha kafukufukuyu, chiwerengero cha 5000 kg chinapezedwa. ndi apamwamba. Izi ndi pafupifupi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kofananako kokwanira pa bawuti ya injini iliyonse.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchitapo kanthu koyenera pokonza mutu wa silinda kapena m'malo mwa silinda yamutu wa gasket ndikutsata zomwe wopanga akufuna. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini imakhala ndi ma torque osiyanasiyana omangitsa mutu wa silinda. Kuyimitsidwa kwa mutu wa silinda kungakhalenso kosiyana. Pali malingaliro m'mabuku a chitsanzo chilichonse, ndipo ayenera kutsatiridwa.

Kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ake, pokhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kulimbitsa ma bawuti amutu wa silinda kumakhalanso ndi ma nuances omwe amagwira ntchito pamakina olimba a silinda yamutu, ndipo ndizofanana kwa aliyense.

Ndipo ndikofunikira kuti muwadziwe, popeza palibe amene amatsimikizira kuti ntchitoyi izichita bwino komanso ngati inuyo.

Kumangirira kwamphamvu kwa mutu wa silinda kumakhudzidwa ndi:

• Mafuta a ulusi wa mabowo ndi mabawuti okha. Ndi bwino kuti mafuta ndi sanali viscous mitundu ya injini mafuta.
• Mkhalidwe wa ulusi, zonse dzenje ndi bawuti yokha. Kusintha ndi kutsekeka kwa ulusi musanayambe kumangitsa kumatsutsana, izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya gasket ndi zotsatira zake zonse ...
• Bawuti yatsopano kapena yogwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Bawuti yatsopano imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu ndipo kuwerengera kwa torque kumatha kusokonekera. Ndikofunikira kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mabawuti atsopano, kumangitsa ma bolts amutu wa silinda kumachitika pambuyo pa 2-3 kuzungulira ndikulimbitsa ma bolts. Ndikofunikira kumangitsa mabawuti mpaka 50% ya torque yomaliza ndikumasula.

Mukalimbitsa ma bolts, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kulondola kwa chida, chomwe ndi wrench ya torque. Dial indicator wrenches ndi yabwino komanso yolondola. Koma, amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi madontho ndi mabampu, monga chida chilichonse cholondola.

Kulimbitsa mutu wa silinda

Malangizo okhwimitsa mabawuti akumutu kwa silinda

• Onaninso malangizo a wopanga ma torque enieni ndi kachitidwe kolimbitsa mutu wa silinda.

• Maboti ayenera kukhala abwinobwino. Osapulumutsa, ndipo palibe vuto kudula ulusi. Pambuyo pake, mukudzipangira nokha.

• Ulusi wa bolt ndi mabowo ayenera kukhala oyera. Waya burashi m'manja mwanu.

• Pankhani ya dzenje "lakhungu" la ma bolts, yesetsani kuti musathire mafuta mkati mwake, apo ayi bolt silidzakwanira bwino. Ndipo zingakhale zothandiza kudzoza ulusi ndi pulasitiki sealant ngati dzenje limalowa mu injini yozizira.

• Maboti amtundu wa TTY (omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mainjini okhala ndi mitu ya silinda ya aluminiyamu) amaletsedwa kuti azimitsidwanso, chifukwa amatha kusweka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mobwerezabwereza sikungathenso kupereka kukakamiza kofunikira kwa gasket, zomwe zikutanthauza kutayikira.

• Mukayika gasket, onetsetsani kuti mumatchula zomwe wopanga gasket amapangira torque yolimbitsa. Ngati muli ndi zomwe zidachitika kale ndikusintha ma gaskets, ndiye iwalani. Injini iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake.

• Kubwerera ku ma bolts amtundu wa TTY, muyenera kutsindika kuti kwa iwo pali digiri yomveka bwino, osati kumangirira makokedwe azitsulo zamutu za silinda. Ndiko kuti, mudzafunika chida chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha ngodya.

• Kulimbitsa kapena broaching wa mabawuti, ngati n'koyenera, ikuchitika kwa injini: ndi kuponyedwa chitsulo mitu yamphamvu pamene otentha, ndi ndi aluminiyamu mitu yamphamvu pamene utakhazikika kutentha firiji.

Zabwino zonse ndikulimbitsa mutu wanu wa silinda wa DIY.

Malingaliro a akatswiri

Ruslan Konstantinov

Katswiri wamagalimoto. Anamaliza maphunziro awo ku IzhGTU dzina lake M.T. Kalashnikov ndi digiri ya Operation of Transport and Technological Machines and Complexes. Pazaka 10 zaukadaulo wokonza magalimoto.

Mukamangirira ma bolts amutu wa silinda, ambiri, chifukwa chosadziwa komanso kusadziwa, amatha kupanga zolakwika zambiri zomwe zingayambitse kukonzanso kwakukulu m'tsogolomu. Nthawi zambiri, kumangitsa kosayenera kumabweretsa kuwonongeka ndi kusinthika kwa mutu wa silinda ndi chipika. Zolakwitsa zofala kwambiri ndi mafuta omwe amalowa m'zitsime za bawuti, kugwira ntchito ndi kukula kolakwika kapena ma soketi owonongeka a wrench ya torque kapena kumangirira popanda konse, kukulitsa ma bolts, kuphwanya kwanga dongosolo lolimba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabawuti olakwika (atali). kapena mosinthanitsa mwachidule).

Nthawi zambiri, zitsime zomwe mabawuti amathira amakhala dzimbiri kapena kutsekeka ndi dothi, sizotheka kuyeretsa. Ndizoletsedwa kutsanulira mafuta mwa iwo, ndendende, komanso kumangitsa ma bolts m'mabowo odetsedwa, apo ayi ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna. Mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito ku ulusi mwachindunji pazitsulo. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika pamene, pamene nsongazi zimanyalanyazidwa, chitsimecho chinagwa, ndipo izi zinaopseza kuti zilowe m'malo mwa chipika cha silinda, chifukwa sizingatheke kukonza.

Sizingatheke kumangiriza popanda ma torque, popanda zovuta zilizonse, kulimbitsa ma bolts "ndi diso" pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumachitika mopitilira mphamvu yololeka, izi zimabweretsa kusweka kwa mabawuti ndi kukonza kwa silinda. Zimalimbikitsidwanso kuti nthawi zonse mugwiritse ntchito mabawuti atsopano, ngakhale akale anu akuwoneka bwino, zoona zake ndikuti amakonda kutambasula atayimitsidwa.

Momwe mungatulutsire bawuti yamutu yong'ambika ya silinda