Mpweya wa crankcase - chifukwa chiyani ukufunika?

Kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwamitundu yambiri yoyipa m'mlengalenga kuchokera ku crankcase ya injini yoyaka mkati imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera opumira a crankcase.

Makhalidwe a injini ya crankcase mpweya wabwino

Mipweya yotulutsa mpweya imatha kulowa mu crankcase kuchokera kuzipinda zoyatsira moto panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito injini yamagalimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhalapo kwa madzi, mafuta ndi nthunzi yamafuta nthawi zambiri kumadziwika mu crankcase. Zinthu zonsezi zimatchedwa mpweya wa crankcase.

Kudzikundikira kwawo mopitirira muyeso kumadzaza ndi kuwonongeka kwa magawo a injini yoyaka mkati yomwe imapangidwa ndi zitsulo. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchepa kwa khalidwe la zikuchokera ndi ntchito mafuta injini.

Dongosolo la mpweya wabwino lomwe timakonda ndicholinga choletsa zomwe zafotokozedwazo. Pa magalimoto amakono, amakakamizidwa. Mfundo ya ntchito yake ndi yosavuta. Zimatengera kugwiritsa ntchito vacuum yomwe imapangidwa muzolowera. Pamene vacuum yotchulidwa ikuwonekera, zochitika zotsatirazi zimawonedwa mu dongosolo:

• kuchotsa mpweya kuchokera ku crankcase;
• kuyeretsedwa ku mafuta a mpweya uwu;
• kuyenda kudzera mumphuno za mpweya zolumikizira zomwe zatsukidwa kwa osonkhanitsa;
• kuyaka kotsatira kwa mpweya m'chipinda choyaka mukasakaniza ndi mpweya.

Momwe mungatsegule ndikuyeretsa mpweya wopumira, mpweya wa crankcase ..

Mapangidwe a crankcase ventilation system

Pa ma motors osiyanasiyana, omwe amapangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana, dongosolo lofotokozedwa limadziwika ndi mapangidwe ake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, muzinthu zonsezi, mulimonsemo, pali zigawo zingapo zofanana. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• valve mpweya;
• olekanitsa mafuta;
• mapaipi a mpweya.

Valavu ndiyofunikira kuti musinthe kupanikizika kwa mpweya womwe umalowa muzolowera. Ngati vacuum yawo ndi yofunika, valavu imasinthira kumalowedwe otsekedwa, ngati osafunikira - kutsegula.

Olekanitsa mafuta, omwe dongosololi ali nalo, amachepetsa chodabwitsa cha mapangidwe a mwaye mu chipinda choyaka chifukwa chakuti sichilola kuti mpweya wa mafuta ulowemo. Mafuta akhoza kulekanitsidwa ndi mpweya m'njira ziwiri:

• cyclic;
• labyrinthine.

Poyamba, amalankhula za cholekanitsa mafuta chamtundu wa centrifugal. Dongosolo loterolo limaganiza kuti mpweya umayenda mmenemo, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhazikika pamakoma a chipangizocho, kenako ndikukhetsa mu crankcase. Koma makina a labyrinth amagwira ntchito mosiyana. Mmenemo, mpweya wa crankcase umachepetsa kuyenda kwawo, chifukwa cha mafuta omwe amayikidwa.

Ma injini oyatsira mkati masiku ano amakhala ndi zida zolekanitsa mafuta. Mwa iwo, chipangizo cha labyrinth chimayikidwa pambuyo pa cyclic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe chipwirikiti cha gasi. Ndondomeko yotereyi panthawiyi, popanda kukokomeza, ndi yabwino.

Crankcase mpweya wokwanira

Pa Solex carburetors, kuwonjezera apo, nthawi zonse pali mpweya wokwanira (popanda izo, mpweya wabwino sugwira ntchito). Kuyikako ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwa mpweya wa crankcase wa injini, ndichifukwa chake. Nthawi zina kuchotsedwa kwapamwamba kwa mpweya sikuchitika chifukwa chakuti vacuum mu fyuluta ya mpweya ndi yaying'ono. Ndiyeno, pofuna kuonjezera mphamvu ya dongosololi, nthambi yowonjezera imalowetsedwamo (nthawi zambiri imatchedwa nthambi yaying'ono).

Imangolumikiza gawo la throttle ndi koyenera, komwe mpweya wa crankcase umachotsedwa mu injini yoyaka mkati. Nthambi yowonjezera yotereyi imakhala ndi mainchesi ochepa kwambiri - osapitirira mamilimita angapo. Kukonzekera komweko kuli m'munsi mwa carburetor, yomwe ndi pansi pa mpope wothamanga m'dera la throttle. Paipi yapadera imakokedwa pazitsulo, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yotulutsa mpweya.

Crankcase ventilation Sens. Kuwongolera

Malingaliro a akatswiri

Ruslan Konstantinov

Katswiri wamagalimoto. Anamaliza maphunziro awo ku IzhGTU dzina lake M.T. Kalashnikov ndi digiri ya Operation of Transport and Technological Machines and Complexes. Pazaka 10 zaukadaulo wokonza magalimoto.

Pa injini zamakono, mpweya wa crankcase ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Kuphwanya mpweya wabwino kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa injini, komanso kuchepa kwa gwero lake. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto ndi dongosolo lino amakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• kutsika kwa mphamvu;

• kuchuluka kwa mafuta;

• kuipitsidwa kwachangu ndi koopsa kwa valve yothamanga ndi woyendetsa mofulumira;

• mafuta mu fyuluta ya mpweya.

Zambiri mwazizindikirozi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta zina, mwachitsanzo, kulephera kwa dongosolo loyatsira. Chifukwa chake, mukamazindikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana mpweya wabwino wa crankcase. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatha, mwaye wochulukirachulukira, mwaye ndi zonyansa zina zimalowa mu crankcase. Pakapita nthawi, amayikidwa pamakoma a ngalande ndi mapaipi.

Dongosolo lopanda mpweya la crankcase lingayambitse mavuto ambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Mpweya wa Quarry nthawi zonse umakhala ndi tinthu tating'ono ta madzi, tikalowa mu mpweya wabwino, amatha kulowa mu nthunzi ndikuunjikana kulikonse. Injini ikazizira, madziwo amaundana mwachibadwa n’kukhala ayezi, kutsekereza ngalandezi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ngalande ndi mapaipi amatsekeka kwambiri kotero kuti kukakamiza kwa crankcase kumakwera ndikufinya dipstick, pomwe gawo lonse la injini limapakidwa ndi mafuta. Izi zitha kuchitika pagalimoto yokhala ndi mtunda uliwonse, kupatula ma injini omwe ali ndi kutentha kowonjezera kwa crankcase.