Indian Ocean pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, gawo 3
Gurkas, mothandizidwa ndi akasinja apakati a M3 Grant, amasesa asitikali aku Japan mumsewu wa Imphal Kohima kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India.
Kumayambiriro kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Nyanja ya Indian Ocean inali njira yolumikizirana yofunikira kwambiri kwa Allies, makamaka aku Britain, kunyamula katundu ndi asitikali ochokera kumadera aku Far East ndi Oceania. Kupambana kwa Japan kunasintha kwambiri zinthu: madera ena adatayika, pomwe ena adakhala maiko akutsogolo omwe adayenera kumenyera kupulumuka okha.
Mu November 1942, malo a British m’nyanja ya Indian Ocean anali oipitsitsa kuposa chaka chimodzi m’mbuyomo, koma tsoka limene linalonjeza kuchiyambi kwa chakacho linali kutali kwambiri. Ma Allies ankalamulira panyanja ndipo amatha kutumiza katundu ku India komanso - kudzera ku Perisiya - kupita ku Soviet Union. Komabe, kutayika kwa Singapore kunatanthauza kuti njira zapakati pa Britain ndi Australia ndi New Zealand zinafupikitsidwa. Chitetezo cha zinthu ziwirizi sichinadalirenso London, koma Washington.
Kuphulika kwa zida pa sitima ya m / s "Neptune" kunawononga kwambiri panthawi ya bombardment ya doko ku Darwin. Komabe, HMAS Deloraine yemwe amasesa migodi, yemwe amawonekera kutsogolo, adapulumuka chochitika chomvetsa chisonichi.
Komabe, chiwopsezo ku Australia ndi New Zealand kuchokera ku chiwopsezo cha Japan chinali chaching'ono. Mosiyana ndi mabodza aku America, omwe akadalipobe mpaka pano, a ku Japan sanali ankhondo openga omwe adagonjetsedwa ndi chikhumbo chogonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi, koma akatswiri oganiza bwino. Amayembekeza kuti nkhondo yomwe adayambitsa ndi kuwukira kwa Pearl Harbor mu 1941 itsatira zomwe zidachitika pankhondo ndi Russia mu 1904-1905: choyamba atenga malo odzitchinjiriza, kuyimitsa adani, kenako zokambirana zamtendere. Kulimbana ndi ku Britain kungabwere kuchokera ku Indian Ocean, American counter-offensive kuchokera ku Pacific. Gulu la Allied counteroffensive kuchokera ku Australia lidayenera kukakamira kuzilumba zina ndipo silinawopseze mwachindunji ku Japan. (Zomwe zidayesedwa zidali chifukwa chazifukwa zing'onozing'ono - makamaka zandale - zomwe zitha kuimiridwa ndi General Douglas MacArthur, yemwe akufuna kubwerera ku Philippines zivute zitani.)
Ngakhale kuti Australia sinali chandamale cha ku Japan, inali yofunika kugwira ntchito. Ngakhale chaka cha 1941 chisanafike, Mtsogoleri wa asilikali—kenako Admiral—Sadatoshi Tomioka, Chief of Operations of the Imperial Naval Staff, anapereka lingaliro lakuti m’malo moukira Hawaii—omwe anatsogolera ku Pearl Harbor ndi Midway—awukire Fiji ndi Samoa, ndiyeno New Zealand. Chifukwa chake, kutsutsa kwa America komwe kumayembekezeredwa kumayenera kulunjika osati kuzilumba za Japan, koma ku South Pacific. Kuukira kwa New Zealand kukanakhala kogwirizana kwambiri ndi malo a ndondomeko ya nkhondo ya ku Japan, koma zifukwa zomwe zidalepheretsa.
Gulu lankhondo la pamadzi linaganiza kuti zigawo zitatu zikanakhala zokwanira kulanda zigawo za kumpoto kwa Australia, ndipo zombo zokhala ndi matani okwana pafupifupi 500 zidzawasamalira. Likulu la Gulu Lankhondo la Imperial lidanyoza mawerengedwe awa, lidatsimikiza mphamvu zochepa pamagulu 000 ndipo lidafuna matani a 10 gross kuti awapatse. Izi zinali mphamvu zazikulu ndi njira kuposa zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pogonjetsa 2 kuchokera ku Burma kupyolera mu Malaya ndi Dutch Indies kupita ku Philippines. Izi zinali mphamvu zomwe Japan sakanatha kuchita, zombo zake zonse zamalonda zidasuntha matani 000.
Cholinga choukira Australia chinakanidwa mu February 1942, pamene njira zina zankhondo zinaganiziridwa pambuyo pa kugonjetsa Singapore. A Japan anaganiza zogonjetsa Hawaii, zomwe zinatha ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa Japan ku Midway. Kugwidwa kwa New Guinea kumayenera kukhala ngati ntchito yowonongeka, koma pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Coral Sea, ndondomekoyi inaimitsidwa. Ndikoyenera kuzindikira kudalirana: Nkhondo ya Nyanja ya Coral inamenyedwa mwezi umodzi nkhondo ya Midway isanachitike, ndipo kutayika mu nkhondo yoyamba kunathandizira kugonjetsedwa kwa Japan kachiwiri. Komabe, nkhondo ya Midway ikanakhala yopambana kwa a Japan, zolinga zogonjetsa New Guinea zikanatheka kukonzedwanso. Kutsatizana kotereku kunawonetsedwa ndi aku Japan poyesa kulanda chilumba cha Nauru - ichi chinalinso gawo la mapulani owononga Hawaii asanaukire - kukakamizidwa kuti abwerere mu Meyi 1942, kubwereza ntchitoyo mu Ogasiti.
