Toyota F, 2F, 3F, 3F-E injini

Injini yoyamba ya Toyota F-mndandanda idapangidwa mu Disembala 1948. Kupanga kwa serial kunayamba mu Novembala 1949. Mphamvu yamagetsi idapangidwa kwa zaka makumi anayi ndi zitatu, ndipo ndi amodzi mwa atsogoleri pankhani ya nthawi yopanga pakati pa magawo amagetsi.

Mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa Toyota F ICE

Injini inapangidwa mu December 1948. Inali mtundu wosinthidwa wa injini ya mtundu wa B wakale. Malo opangira magetsi adayikidwa koyamba pagalimoto ya Toyota BM ya 1949. Ndi mtundu uwu wa injini, galimotoyo amatchedwa Toyota FM. Poyamba magalimotowa anatumizidwa ku Brazil. Kenako injiniyo idayamba kukhazikitsidwa pamagalimoto osiyanasiyana opepuka amalonda, zozimitsa moto, ma ambulansi, magalimoto oyendera apolisi.

Pa Ogasiti 1, 1950, Toyota Corporation idakhazikitsa Toyota Jeep BJ SUV, kholo la Toyota Land Cruiser yodziwika bwino.

Toyota Jeep BJ

Galimotoyo inalandira dzina la Land Cruiser mu 1955, ndipo pansi pa dzinali idayamba kutumizidwa kumayiko ena. Magalimoto oyamba otumiza kunja anali ndi injini za F-series, zomwe zidawapangitsa kukhala otchuka.

Choyamba Land Cruiser

Mtundu wachiwiri wa injini, wotchedwa 2F, unayambitsidwa mu 1975. Chachitatu chamakono chamagetsi chinapangidwa mu 1985 ndipo chimatchedwa 3F. Mu 1988, ku United States anayamba kutumiza Land Cruisers ndi injini yoteroyo. Pambuyo pake, mtundu wa 3F-E wokhala ndi jekeseni udawonekera. Ma injini a F-Series analipo pamzere wa msonkhano mpaka 1992. Kenako kupanga kwawo kunathetsedwa.

Mapangidwe a injini za F

Toyota Jeep BJ idapangidwa motengera magalimoto ankhondo akunja. Galimoto iyi idapangidwa kuti igonjetse msewu ndipo sinali yoyenera kuyendetsa pa asphalt. Injini ya F nayonso inali yoyenera. Ndipotu, ndi injini yotsika kwambiri, yotsika kwambiri, yothamanga kwambiri yoyendetsa katundu ndi kuyendetsa mumsewu wovuta, komanso m'madera omwe mulibe misewu.

Silinda ndi mutu wa silinda amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. Masilinda asanu ndi limodzi amakonzedwa motsatira. Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi carburetor. Dongosolo loyatsira ndi makina, okhala ndi chophatikizira.

Chiwembu cha OHV chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene ma valve ali pamutu wa silinda, ndipo camshaft ili pansi pa chipikacho, chofanana ndi crankshaft. Valve imatsegulidwa ndi zopukutira. Camshaft drive - zida. Chiwembu choterocho ndi chodalirika kwambiri, koma chimakhala ndi zigawo zambiri zazikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphindi yaikulu ya inertia. Chifukwa cha izi, ma injini otsika samakonda kuthamanga kwambiri.

Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidalipo kale, makina opangira mafuta asinthidwa, ma pistoni opepuka adayikidwa. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito ndi 3,9 malita. Kupanikizika kwa injini kunali 6,8: 1. Mphamvu zimasiyana kuchokera ku 105 mpaka 125 hp, ndipo zimatengera dziko lomwe galimotoyo idatumizidwa. Makokedwe apamwamba kwambiri adachokera ku 261 mpaka 289 N.m. pa 2000 rpm

Mwamadongosolo, silinda ya silinda imabwereza injini yopangidwa ndi chilolezo yaku America GMC L6 OHV 235, yotengedwa ngati maziko. Mutu wa silinda ndi zipinda zoyaka zimabwerekedwa ku injini ya Chevrolet L6 OHV, koma zimasinthidwa kuti zikhale zazikulu. Zigawo zazikulu za injini za Toyota F sizisinthana ndi anzawo aku America. Kuwerengera kunapangidwa kuti eni magalimoto adzakhutitsidwa ndi kudalirika komanso kusadziletsa kwa injini zopangidwa pamaziko a ma analogue aku America omwe adayesedwa nthawi yayitali omwe adzitsimikizira okha kuchokera kumbali yabwino.

Mu 1985, Baibulo lachiwiri la injini ya 2F linatulutsidwa. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito idakwera mpaka malita 4,2. Zosinthazo zidakhudza gulu la pisitoni, mphete imodzi yamafuta opaka mafuta idachotsedwa. Dongosolo lopaka mafuta lakhala lamakono, fyuluta yamafuta idayikidwa kutsogolo kwa injini. Mphamvu zidakwera mpaka 140 hp. pa 3600 rpm.

Galimoto 2F

3F idakhazikitsidwa mu 1985. Poyamba, injini anali anaika pa lamanja galimoto Land Cruisers kwa msika m'nyumba, ndiye magalimoto ndi injini zimenezi anayamba zimagulitsidwa ku mayiko ambiri. Zasinthidwa:

• yamphamvu;
• mutu wamphamvu;
• njira yothetsera;
• dongosolo lotopetsa.

Camshaft idasunthidwa kumutu wa silinda, injiniyo idakhala pamwamba. Kuyendetsa kudachitika ndi unyolo. Kenako, pa Baibulo 3F-E, m'malo carburetor anagawira magetsi jekeseni mafuta anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zinachititsa kuti kuonjezera mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi utsi. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya injini idatsika kuchokera ku 4,2 mpaka 4 malita, chifukwa chafupikitsa pisitoni sitiroko. Mphamvu ya injini yawonjezeka ndi 15 kW (20 hp) ndipo torque yawonjezeka ndi 14 N.m. Chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku, rpm yapamwamba imakhala yokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa injini kukhala yoyenera kuyenda pamsewu.

3F-E

Zolemba zamakono

Gome likuwonetsa zina mwaukadaulo wama injini a F-series:

Injini	F	2F	3F-E
Makina amagetsi	Carburetor	Carburetor	Kugawa jakisoni
Chiwerengero cha masilindala	6	6	6
Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse	2	2	2
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	6,8:1	7,8:1	8,1:1
Ntchito buku, cm3	3878	4230	3955
Mphamvu, hp / rpm	95-125 / 3600	135/3600	155/4200
Torque, N.m / rpm	261-279 / 2000	289/2000	303/2200
Mafuta	A 92	A 92	A 92
gwero	500 +	500 +	500 +

Torque ndi mphamvu zimasiyanasiyana kutengera dziko lomwe magalimoto amatumizidwa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ma motors F

Ma injini a F-Series adayala maziko a mbiri ya Toyota yokhala ndi mphamvu zolimba, zodalirika. Injini ya F imatha kukoka katundu wolemera matani angapo, kukoka ngolo yolemera, yabwino kunjira yakunja. Ma torque okwera pama rev otsika, kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono kumapangitsa kuti ikhale mota wamanyazi, omnivorous. Ngakhale malangizo amalangiza ntchito A-92 mafuta, injini kuyaka mkati amatha kugaya mafuta aliwonse. Ubwino wamagalimoto:

• zosavuta kupanga;
• kudalirika ndi kusungika kwakukulu;
• kusamva kupsinjika;
• gwero lalitali.

Ma mota modekha amayamwitsa mtunda wa makilomita theka la miliyoni asanawonjezedwe, ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni m'malo ovuta. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi yantchito ndikudzaza injini ndi mafuta apamwamba kwambiri.

Choyipa chachikulu cha injini izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri. 25 - 30 malita a petulo pa 100 Km kwa injini izi si malire. Injini, chifukwa cha liwiro lotsika, sizimasinthidwa bwino kuti ziziyenda mothamanga kwambiri. Izi zimagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono ku injini ya 3F-E, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kusintha kwa torque.

Zosankha zosintha, ma injini a mgwirizano.

Ndizokayikitsa kuti zingachitike kwa aliyense kusintha injini yagalimoto kukhala injini yamasewera othamanga kwambiri. Koma mutha kuwonjezera mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito turbocharger. Chiŵerengero chochepa cha kuponderezedwa, zipangizo zolimba zimakulolani kuti muyike turbocharger popanda kusokoneza gulu la pistoni. Koma pamapeto pake, mulimonsemo, kusintha kwakukulu kudzafunika.

Injini za F-series sizinapangidwe kwa zaka pafupifupi 30, kotero zimakhala zovuta kupeza injini ya mgwirizano ili bwino. Koma pali zotsatsa, mtengo umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 60.