Toyota 1FZ-F injini
Mu 1984, Toyota Njinga inamaliza kupanga injini yatsopano ya 1FZ-F yopangira mphamvu ya Land Cruiser 70 SUV yotchuka, yomwe imayikidwa pa magalimoto a Lexus.
Galimoto yatsopanoyo idalowa m'malo mwa 2F yokalamba ndipo idapangidwa mpaka 2007. Poyamba, ntchitoyo inali kupanga injini yodalirika, yothamanga kwambiri, yokonzedwa bwino kuti izitha kuyenda m'malo ovuta. Akatswiri a Toyota adatha kumaliza ntchitoyi mokwanira. Zosintha zingapo zagawo lamagetsi izi zidapangidwa.
- Mtundu wa FZ-F wokhala ndi 197 hp carburetor power system. pa 4600 rpm. Kwa maiko ena, kuchepetsedwa mpaka 190 hp kudapangidwa. pa 4400 rpm njira yamagalimoto.
- Kusintha 1FZ-FE, komwe kunayambika mu theka lachiwiri la 1992. Kugawira jekeseni mafuta anaikidwa pa izo, chifukwa mphamvu kuchuluka kwa 212 HP. pa 4600 rpm.
"Land Cruiser 70" ndi injini yatsopano yakhala chitsanzo cha kudalirika ndi kulimba, ndipo idaperekedwa kumayiko ambiri padziko lapansi.
Mapangidwe a injini za FZ
Mphamvu ya 1FZ-F ndi injini yamtundu wa silinda-cylinder carburetor. Njira yoyatsira ndi yamagetsi, yokhala ndi makina ogawa. Mutu wa silinda umapangidwa ndi aluminium alloy. Ili ndi ma camshaft awiri, iliyonse yomwe imayendetsa ma valve 12. Chiwerengero - 24, 4 pa silinda iliyonse. Njira yoyendetsera nthawi, yokhala ndi hydraulic tensioner komanso damper yomweyo. Palibe zonyamula ma hydraulic, kusintha kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa ma valve kumafunika.
Pansi pa chipikacho pali mafuta a aluminiyamu. Poto yamafuta imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chokhazikika, chomwe chimateteza kuti zisakhudze pansi, zomwe zimadzaza ndi kuyendetsa pamtunda.
Ma pistoni opepuka a aluminium alloy okhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri amayikidwa mu block cylinder block. Mphete yopondereza pamwamba imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. M'munsi ndi mafuta scraper amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Pansi pa pisitoni pali chopumira chomwe chimalepheretsa valavu ndi pisitoni kuti zilumikizane pomwe unyolo wanthawi ukuduka. Kuponderezana kwa injini ndi 8,1: 1, kotero magetsi safuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a octane apamwamba.
Mayankho oterewa adapangitsa kuti pakhale injini yotsika-liwiro yokhala ndi "thirakitala" yosalala, pafupifupi liwiro lonse, losinthidwa kuti lizigwira ntchito nthawi yayitali mumsewu wovuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkatiyi sichimamva ngati thupi lachilendo pamsewu waukulu. Mphamvu ya 1FZ-F inalipo pamzere wa msonkhano mpaka 1997.
Galimoto ya 1FZ-FE idapangidwa kumapeto kwa 1992. Pa izo, m'malo mwa carburetor, jekeseni wamafuta wogawidwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana chinawonjezeka kufika pa 9,0: 1. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 2000, makina oyatsira magetsi osalumikizana ndi makina ogawa amasinthidwa ndi ma coil oyatsira. Pazonse, ma koyilo atatu adayikidwa pagalimoto, iliyonse imagwira masilindala awiri. Chiwembu ichi chimathandizira kuyambika bwino komanso kudalirika kwadongosolo loyatsira.
Dongosolo lozizira limaganiziridwa bwino, ndipo limapereka kutentha kwapakati pa 84 - 100 ºC. Injini sikuwopa kutenthedwa. Ngakhale kuyenda kwanthawi yayitali m'magiya otsika nyengo yotentha sikupangitsa kuti injiniyo ipitirire kutentha komwe kumayikidwa. Pampu yamadzi ndi ma alternator amayendetsedwa ndi malamba osiyana okhala ngati mphero, iliyonse imakhala ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Kusintha kwa ma roller olimba a malamba ndi makina.
Ma injini a 1FZ adziwonetsa okha kuchokera kumbali yabwino kwambiri pankhani yodalirika komanso kulimba. Okonzawo sanapange zolakwika zilizonse pakupanga injini yoyaka mkati, ndipo akatswiri aukadaulo amaphatikiza zonse muchitsulo. wagawo mphamvu wathandizira kwambiri mbiri ya Toyota Land Cruiser 70, amene ndi wotchuka chifukwa chosawonongeka. Ubwino wa Injini:
- kuphweka ndi kudalirika kwa mapangidwe;
- mtunda kukonzanso ndi kukonza bwino - osachepera 500 zikwi Km;
- torque yayikulu pa liwiro lotsika;
- kukhalabe.
The kuipa monga mkulu mafuta, amene ndi 15-25 malita a A-92 mafuta pa 100 Km. Ndi motors izi, chiyambi drawback khalidwe la injini Toyota, ndipo akadalipo, ndi kutayikira mpope. Zikatero, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo mwa msonkhano ndi msonkhano woyambirira.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwamafuta pafupipafupi kumafunika. Zimasinthidwa 7-10 km iliyonse, kutengera njira zogwirira ntchito. Analimbikitsa mafuta ndi kupanga 5W-30, 10W-30, 15W-40. Kuchuluka kwa crankcase - 7,4 malita.
Zolemba zamakono
Gome limasonyeza zina mwa makhalidwe luso mayunitsi mphamvu mndandanda 1FZ:
| Kupanga kwa injini | 1FZ-F |
|---|---|
| Makina amagetsi | Carburetor |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 6 |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 8,1:1 |
| Kusuntha kwa injini, cm3 | 4476 |
| Mphamvu, hp / rpm | 197/4600 (190 / 4400) |
| Makokedwe, Nm / rpm | 363/2800 |
| Mafuta | 92 |
| gwero | 500 + |
Kusintha mwayi
Injini ya 1FZ-FE sikonda ma revs apamwamba kwambiri, kotero kuonjezera kuti akwaniritse mphamvu zapamwamba sikumveka. Poyamba, chiŵerengero chochepa cha kuponderezana chimakulolani kuti muyike turbocharger popanda kusintha gulu la pistoni.
Makamaka injini iyi, ikukonzekera kampani TRD yatulutsa turbocharger, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera mphamvu mpaka 300 hp. (ndi zina), kupereka nsembe kukhazikika pang'ono.
Kukakamiza kozama kumafuna m'malo mwa crankshaft, yomwe idzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito mpaka malita 5. Kuphatikizidwa ndi turbocharger yowonjezereka, kusintha kumeneku kumapereka galimoto yolemera ndi mphamvu ya galimoto yamasewera, koma ndi kutaya kwakukulu kwazinthu ndi ndalama zambiri.
Mwayi wogula injini ya mgwirizano
Zopereka pamsika ndizosiyanasiyana. Mutha kugula injini, kuyambira pamtengo wofanana ndi ma ruble 60. Koma ndizovuta kupeza injini yoyaka mkati yokhala ndi gwero labwino lotsalira, chifukwa ma motors amenewa sanapangidwe kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu.
