Opel Z18XER injini
Zamkatimu
Mphamvu ya Z18XER idapangidwa kuyambira 2005 mpaka 2010 ku Plant Szentgotthard, yomwe ili ku Hungary. Galimotoyi idayikidwa pamagalimoto angapo otchuka a Opel, monga Astra, Zafira, Insignia ndi Vectra. Komanso, injini iyi, koma opangidwa pansi pa index F18D4, anali okonzeka ndi zitsanzo European za nkhawa General Motors, wotchuka kwambiri amene ndi Chevrolet Cruze.
Kufotokozera Z18XER
M'malo mwake, injini ya Z18XER ndi mtundu wosinthidwa wa chomera chamagetsi cha A18XER, chomwe chidasinthidwa mwadongosolo kuti chigwirizane ndi chilengedwe chomwe chimawongolera zomwe zili muzinthu zovulaza mu mpweya wotulutsa, EURO-5. M'malo mwake, potengera mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe aukadaulo, iyi ndi gawo limodzi.
Mutu wapamwamba wa 16-valve cylinder inline-four, Z18XER, udalowa m'malo mwa Z18XE mu 2005. Chigawo chamagetsi chinapangidwa popanda zowonjezera zowonjezera. Vavu m'mimba mwake: 31.2 ndi 27.5 mm (kulowetsa ndi kutulutsa, motsatana). Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwaukadaulo wosinthidwa pakuwongolera mosalekeza kwa ma camshaft onse awiri kuyenera kukhala chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu zagalimoto iyi, ngati sichoncho chifukwa chamavuto ndi valavu yowongolera gawo la solenoid, yomwe idalephera nthawi zambiri.
Mosiyana ndi injini yakale ya General Motors, Z18XER idagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa kutalika kosiyanasiyana, zomwe zidapatsa injiniyo mwayi wowonjezera: zidapangitsa kuti mphamvu ziwonjezeke kwambiri, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woyipa. Kuphatikiza apo, makina a EGR sanagwiritsidwe ntchito mu injini iyi, yomwe ndi yowonjezera kuposa mphindi imodzi.
Njira yogawa gasi ya Z18XER imagwira ntchito molingana ndi dongosolo la DOHC. Monga injini zonse zomwe zili ndi njira yogawa gasi yofananira, kapangidwe ka Z18XER kumaphatikizapo ma camshaft awiri. Ma camshaft amayendetsedwa kuchokera ku crankshaft ndi lamba. Z18XER ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha kulimba kwa lamba wa nthawi, ndi nthawi yosinthira makilomita 150 aliwonse, mosiyana ndi gawo loyatsira moto ndi thermostat, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalephera 80 km.
Ngakhale kudalirika ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri la gasi kugawa dongosolo, zadziwika kuti pakapita nthawi, injini Z18XER akuyamba kupanga phokoso sanali muyezo amatikumbutsa "dizilo". Kusapezeka kwa zonyamula ma hydraulic kukakamiza eni magalimoto okhala ndi injini yoyaka mkatiyi kuti asinthe ma valve pa 100 km iliyonse. Zilolezo pa unit ozizira ndi motere: 0.21-0.29 ndi 0.27-0.35 mm (kulowetsa ndi kutulukira, motero).
The gwero galimoto analengeza Mlengi 300 zikwi Km, mu kuchita, kawirikawiri: 200-250 zikwi Km. Malingana ndi ntchito, mautumiki, kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndi zina, nthawiyi imatha kusiyana.
Zithunzi za Z18XER
M'mawu osavuta, mapangidwe Z18XER akhoza kufotokozedwa ngati sitiroko anayi yamphamvu injini kuyaka mkati. Zida zopangira: crankshaft - chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri; camshafts ndi kuponyedwa BC - chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri. Mutu wa silinda wa aluminiyamu uli ndi masilinda anayi olowera mpweya. Aluminiyamu ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga pistoni.
| Z18XER | |
|---|---|
| Vuto, cm3 | 1796 |
| Max mphamvu, hp | 140 |
| Makokedwe apamwamba, Nm (kgm)/rpm | 175 (18) / 3500 |
| 175 (18) / 3800 | |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km | 7.9-8.1 |
| mtundu | Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu |
| Silinda Ø, mm | 80.5 |
| Max mphamvu, hp (kW)/r/min | 140 (103) / 6300 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 10.08.2019 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 88.2 |
| Zithunzi | Astra (H, J), Zafira (B, C), Insignia, Vectra C |
| Resource, kunja. km | 300 |
*Nambala ya injiniyo imajambulidwa ndi laser ndipo ili pamwamba pa fyuluta yamafuta pa cylinder block (kumbuyo kwa semicircular protrusion yokhala ndi dzenje). Nambala ya injini imasindikizidwa pansipa nambala yachitsanzo.
Kupanga kwa seri ya Z18XER kunayimitsidwa mu 2010.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zazikulu za Z18XER
Ngakhale kuti injiniyi imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa magawo odalirika kwambiri a nthawi yake, idakali ndi "zilonda" zomwe, makamaka, sizingawathandize kulephera kwathunthu. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.
Ubwino wake.
- Chotsekereza chitsulo chachitsulo cha silinda.
- Kusavuta kukonza.
- Zogula zotsika mtengo komanso zosinthira.
Zolakwa.
- Kudalirika kochepa kwa magawo ena ndi misonkhano.
- Kulowa mochuluka.
- lamba wa nthawi, etc.
Poyatsira gawo
The thiransifoma Z18XER akhoza bwinobwino amati consumables, chifukwa ayenera m'malo pambuyo makilomita zikwi 70 okha. Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa module ndizolakwika.
Moyo wautumiki wa thiransifoma umachepetsedwa ndi kusinthidwa kosayembekezereka kwa makandulo, khalidwe lomwe, mwa njira, ndilofunika kwambiri, komanso mwangozi chinyezi chimalowa mu zitsime za makandulo.
Owongolera magawo
Njira yosinthira gawo pa Z18XER imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wamafuta a injini. Kulephera kwa ma valve kapena olamulira gawo kumawonetseredwa ndi "dizilo". Phokosoli limatha kuwoneka ndi kuthamanga kwa 30 ndi 130 km. Vuto logwirizana likhoza kukhala kulephera kwa mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati, makamaka pamtunda wa 3000-4500 rpm.
Kwenikweni, phokoso laling'ono la dizilo mutangoyamba injini ndilovomerezeka, koma ngati likupitirira kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kuyang'ana mwamsanga kuwonongeka, mwinamwake kuwonongeka kosasinthika kungayambitse injini. Ndi bwino kupulumutsa pa kukonza mafuta Z18XER.
Kutaya kwa exchanger kutentha
Chowotcha chodziwika bwino cha Z18XER, chomwe chili pansi pazakudya zambiri, nthawi zambiri chimatulutsa. Zotsatira za izi zimakhala zosiyana nthawi zonse, koma nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pafupi ndi kuthamanga kwa 70 km kapena kupitilira apo. Vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa, apo ayi choziziritsa chisakanizo ndi mafuta a injini.
Kuwonongeka kwa nembanemba ya SVKG
Iyi ndi nkhani yodziwika pamayunitsi a Z18XER omwe adamangidwa mu Okutobala 2008. The crankcase ventilation system (SVKG) pa iwo ndi yosavuta ndipo mfundo ya ntchito yake ndi yosavuta. Nembanemba imamangidwa mu chivundikiro cha valve, chomwe chimatha pakapita nthawi, motero chimaphwanya kulimba kwa dongosolo. Izi zimawonetseredwa ndi mluzu, "chowotcha mafuta" chachikulu, kusintha koyandama, kusokoneza pakuyatsa ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa cha nembanemba yowonongeka, injini ikhoza kuyima mwamsanga itangoyamba.
Ngati muli ndi chida chofunikira, nembanemba imatha kusinthidwa kukhala yatsopano pochotsa valavu. Komabe, apa muyenera kulimbikira. Pali njira yosavuta kwambiri - kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa chivundikiro cha valve.
Kulephera kwa camshaft position sensor
Mabaibulo oyambirira a unit Z18XER sanali okonzeka ndi camshafts bwino kwambiri, chifukwa injini basi anasiya kuyambira, popeza ECU sanawerenge udindo wa camshafts. Nthawi zambiri, kusiyana kuyenera kukhala kuchokera ku 0,1 mm mpaka 1,9 mm. Ngati zambiri, ndiye camshaft ayenera kusinthidwa kukhala kusinthidwa, amene anaonekera pa injini kuyambira November 2008.
TO Z18XER
Kukonza injini Z18XER ikuchitika pa intervals 15 Km. M'mikhalidwe ya Chitaganya cha Russia, nthawi yokonza analimbikitsa ndi 10 zikwi makilomita.
- Kukonzekera koyamba kumachitika pambuyo pa makilomita 1-1.5 ndipo kumaphatikizapo m'malo mwa mafuta ndi mafuta fyuluta.
- Yachiwiri kukonza ikuchitika pambuyo 10 zikwi makilomita. Zosinthika: mafuta a injini, fyuluta yamafuta, ndi zinthu zosefera mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawiyi yokonza, kuponderezana kumayesedwa ndipo ma valve amasinthidwa.
- Panthawi yokonza lachitatu, yomwe imachitika pambuyo pa makilomita 20, fyuluta yamafuta ndi mafuta imasinthidwa, komanso diagnostics a machitidwe onse a unit mphamvu.
- TO 4 ikuchitika patatha makilomita 30 zikwi. Njira zokonzekera zokhazikika panthawiyi zimaphatikizapo kusintha mafuta a injini ndi fyuluta yamafuta.
Ndi mafuta ati a injini omwe akulimbikitsidwa Z18XER?
Eni magalimoto a Opel okhala ndi Z18XER mphamvu zamagetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto pogula mafuta omwe amavomerezedwa ndi wopanga. M'malo mwa GM-LL-A-025 yoyambirira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ena a injini omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa m'buku lagalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, timapereka malingaliro kwa ena mwa iwo.
Analimbikitsa lubricant specifications kwa Opel Astra:
- Viscosity ratio: 5W-30 (40); 15W-30 (40); 10W-30 (40) (mitundu yonse ya nyengo).
- Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi 4,5 malita.
Viscosity ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zamafuta a injini, kusintha kwake, kutengera kutentha, kumatsimikizira malire amtundu wamafuta. Pa kutentha kochepa, Opel amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe ali ndi mamasukidwe awa:
- mpaka -25 ° С - SAE 5W-30 (40);
- -25°S ndi pansi – SAE 0W-30 (40);
- -30°С – SAE 10W-30 (40).
Pomaliza. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika kwambiri, izi zitha kusokoneza magawo omwe amavala kwambiri. Mafuta a injini ayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi chifukwa amataya katundu wake pakapita nthawi.
Injini yosinthira Z18XER
Kuonjezera mphamvu ya injini Z18XER n'zotheka mofanana ndi wachibale wake wapamtima, A18XER. Kusiyana kokha pakukonzekera kwawo kudzakhala mawonekedwe omaliza a unit, chifukwa cha kusamuka kwakukulu kwa Z18XER.
Kusintha kulikonse kwa magawo aukadaulo a Z18XER kumawononga ndalama zambiri, ndipo ngati mutasonkhanitsa mtundu wa injini iyi ndi kompresa, ndiye kuti mtengo wa kukonzanso koteroko ukhoza kupitilira mtengo wa makinawo.
Komabe, ngati munthu akadaganiza kukhazikitsa chopangira injini pa Z18XER, ngakhale kuti maganizo amenewa poyamba si kokwanira, chifukwa chakuti injini muyezo amafuna kuchitapo kanthu kwambiri, akhoza kulangizidwa zotsatirazi.
Choyamba muyenera kusintha kuyimitsidwa ndi braking dongosolo. Kenako, sinthani ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pisitoni ndi imodzi yabodza ndi chiŵerengero cha psinjika pafupifupi mayunitsi 8.5. Pambuyo pake, kudzakhala kotheka kuika TD04L turbocharger, intercooler, buluu, zobwezedwa, mipope, utsi pa chitoliro 63 mm, ndipo chifukwa chake, kupeza zofunika 200 HP. Komabe, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti mtengo wa zosangalatsa zoterezi ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Pomaliza
Ma injini amphamvu kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri a mndandanda wa Z18XER ndi mayunitsi odalirika ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Kukonza galimoto kuyenera kuchitidwa makilomita 15 aliwonse, komabe, oyendetsa odziwa bwino amalangiza kuchita izi pambuyo pa makilomita zikwi 10.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti injini Z18XER ndi capricious, Komabe, nthawi zina, akhoza kukana kuyamba. Zina mwazifukwa zomwe Z18XER sizidzayamba (pamene choyambira chikutembenuka ndipo mafuta akuperekedwa) zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pamwambapa. Izi zitha kukhala: gawo loyendetsa injini lolephera kapena gawo loyatsira, vuto la sensa ya camshaft, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa crankcase mpweya wabwino, etc.
Komanso, kulephera kwa sensa yoziziritsa kukhosi ndi kutayikira kwamafuta kuchokera ku choziziritsa mafuta kumatha kutchedwa chinthu wamba pagalimoto iyi, popeza kuchotsedwa kwamavutowa sikokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Gwero la injini Z18XER ndi za makilomita 200-250 zikwi, ndipo zimadalira kwambiri zinthu ntchito, komanso kalembedwe galimoto.
Ndemanga za injini ya Z18XER
Zafira yanga ili ndi injini iyi. Pankhani ya mowa, ndinganene kuti mumzindawu sichiposa 10, koma mumayendedwe ophatikizana, momwe ndimasuntha pafupifupi malita 9. Mavuto ndi chotenthetsera kutentha, gawo loyatsira, valavu ya mpweya wa crankcase, thermostat ndi kutayikira pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve - ndinadutsa zonsezi ndikupambana. Komabe, ndikuganiza kuti injini iyi ndiyabwino.
Chinthu chachikulu pa nkhani ya Z18XER ndi kuyendetsa modekha kuti mowa si kukwera pamwamba malita 10. Injini iyi iyenera kuyenda pa petulo 95 yokha ndipo osachepera. Ngati muyendetsa 92, ndiye kuti mavuto akulu ayamba posachedwa. Kuphatikiza pa mfundo yakuti chekeyo idzawunikira ndipo padzakhala kutaya mphamvu, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa kudya, mafuta adzatulukanso kuchokera ku ming'alu yonse.
M'malo mwake, injiniyo ndiyabwino kwambiri, ngati mutsatira nthawi yake. Inemwini, galimoto yokhala ndi injini iyi ndiyokwanira kwa ine kuti ndizigwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Amanyamula liwiro mwachangu. Ndikamayendetsa galimoto mozungulira mzindawo komanso m'misewu, ndimapeza malita 11 pa zana lililonse.
Ndikuganiza kuti injini iyi idzadutsa 500 zikwi popanda mavuto, ndipo 250 yomwe inalengezedwa ndi wopanga sichimveka bwino kwa ine. Pa Vectra yanga ndi 18XER ndasewera kale mazana anayi! Chinthu chachikulu ndi injini izi ndi kutsatira galimoto, ndipo izo zidutsa miliyoni, ine ndikutsimikiza. Payekha, ndimayenera kulankhulana ndi munthu yemwe, pa Astra ndi injini yomweyi, ali ndi mtunda wa 300 kale osati kukonzanso. Choncho yang'anani galimoto yanu, ndipo idzakutumikirani kwa nthawi yaitali komanso mokhulupirika!
Ndasewera kale zana pa Z18XER. Zowonongeka - ma thermostat ndi heat exchanger gaskets. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri ndi chakuti imayamba kuzizira kulikonse, ngakhale -35. Ponena za mafuta, nditha kupangira zinthu kuchokera ku GM. Zolimba kwambiri komanso zowonjezera pang'ono. Mafuta oyambirira ali ndi gwero la maola 300 ndipo ndilofunika kuyambira pamenepa, ndipo kusintha kwa mafuta a GM sikungodalira pa mtunda, koma pa maola, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri.
Nditagula Astra yanga, ndinasankha kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndinayang'ana mitundu ina, koma ndinaikonda, yomwe sindinong'oneza bondo pang'ono. Patha zaka 5 kale. Zomwe ndidasintha panja panja ndi thermostat ndi module yoyatsira! Chabwino, kawirikawiri, ndikufuna kunena kuti galimoto iliyonse idzapita kwa nthawi yaitali ngati mwiniwakeyo amachitira ndi moyo ndikuchita zonse panthawi yake. Chofunika kwambiri apa ndi, monga akunena, mtengo wa nkhaniyi, chifukwa munthu aliyense ali ndi chuma chake, ndipo ngakhale galimoto yodalirika kwambiri ikhoza kuwonongeka mofulumira kwambiri!
Ine ndekha ndimayendetsa ASTRA ndi Z16XER ndipo ndikufuna kupereka upangiri. Mukasintha magiya, musakhale aulesi kwambiri kuti muchotse hillock yomwe ma camshafts amakhala ndikuwona ngati mayendedwe atsekedwa! Onaninso kuyika kolondola kwa magiya kangapo. Ndipo komabe, ndikofunikira kutenthetsa mota, makamaka ngati gawo likugogoda kale. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa ma meshes a mavavu pasadakhale. M'mikhalidwe yathu, kutsanulira 5w40. Ndikupangiranso kusintha thermostat ndi kutentha kotsika. Ambiri, ndi ntchito bwino, injini sikuyambitsa mavuto, mosiyana kufala Buku, koma, monga iwo amati, ndi nkhani yosiyana kwambiri.
