Diagnostics a poyatsira dongosolo

Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chakuti galimoto si kuyamba ndi mavuto ndi poyatsira dongosolo. Kuti mudziwe vuto, muyenera kutero kuyatsa diagnostics. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuchita izi, chifukwa, choyamba, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha node (zovuta zimatha kukhala makandulo, masensa osiyanasiyana, ogawa ndi zinthu zina), ndipo kachiwiri, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina - makina oyesa, ohmmeter, scanner kuti azindikire zolakwika pamakina omwe ali ndi ECU. Tiyeni tione zochitika zimenezi mwatsatanetsatane.

Njira yoyatsira galimoto

Malangizo okhazikika ngati asokonekera

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo loyatsira magalimoto kumalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kwamtundu wa mayendedwe amagetsi ozungulira, kapena kutayikira komwe kumayendera mawaya apamwamba kwambiri. Tiyeni titchule mwachidule zomwe muyenera kuziganizira poyamba ngati pali mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa galimoto yoyatsira moto, komanso zomwe muyenera kuchita.

1. Yang'anani momwe batire ilili ndi voltmeter. Mphamvu yamagetsi pa iyo iyenera kukhala osachepera 9,5 V. Kupanda kutero, batire iyenera kuyimbidwa kapena kusinthidwa.
2. Yang'anani mtundu wa zolumikizirana pa module ya coil pa ma spark plugs onse.
3. Yang'anani makandulo onse. Sayenera kukhala ndi ma depositi akuluakulu akuda, ndipo mtunda pakati pa ma electrode uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 0,7 ... 1,0 mm.
4. Chotsani ndikuyang'ana ma sensor a camshaft ndi crankshaft. Ngati ndi kotheka, amafunika kusinthidwa.

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amagona kuphwanya khalidwe la kulankhula kapena kutayikira panopa mu mkulu-voteji mawaya. Yang'anani kutchinjiriza kwawo, momwe koyilo yoyatsira moto, loko yoyatsira, fusesi ya coil.

Kumbukirani kuti chifukwa chomwe injini yoyaka moto sichimayambira ikhoza kukhala njira yotsutsa kuba yagalimoto. Musanayambe, fufuzani mkhalidwe wake.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Zolakwa

Waya wowonongeka woyatsira voteji

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa makina oyatsira kumawoneka pamalumikizidwe amagetsi amagetsi, kuphatikiza mawaya apamwamba kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kutchinjiriza kwawo, kutentha kumadutsa m'thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta pakuyendetsa injini yoyaka mkati. Ndi bwino kuyang'ana kutsekemera kokhomeredwa kwa mawaya amphamvu kwambiri mumdima. Ndiye kuwala kotulukako kumawonekera bwino.

Yang'anirani nthawi zonse chiyero cha kutchinjiriza mawaya apamwamba kwambiri. Zoona zake. kuti mafuta omwe amafika pamwamba pawo amafewetsa kwambiri kutchinjiriza, ndikukopa tinthu tating'ono ta fumbi ndi dothi, zomwe zingayambitse kusweka.

Pama insulators a makandulo, "njira" zitha kuwoneka zomwe kuwonongeka kumadutsa. Ngati mphamvu sikugwirizana ndi mawaya mkulu voteji, muyenera kufufuza otsika voteji mbali ya poyatsira dongosolo, kutanthauza, voteji kupereka kuchokera batire ndi poyatsira koyilo. Zowonongeka zomwe zitha kukhala chosinthira choyatsira moto kapena fuse yowombedwa.

Kuthetheka pulagi

ma electrodes a spark plug

Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwadongosolo ndizovuta ndi ma spark plugs. Pa kandulo yabwino:

• ma elekitirodi pa izo siziwotchedwa, ndipo kusiyana pakati pawo ndi 0,7 ... 1,0 mm;
• palibe mwaye wakuda, tchipisi ta insulator pathupi;
• palibe zizindikiro zowonongeka pa insulator yakunja ya kandulo, komanso ming'alu kapena kuwonongeka kwa makina.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za momwe mungadziwire momwe zilili ndi soot wa kandulo ndikuzindikira injini yoyaka mkati mwankhani ina.

Poyatsira zolakwika

Kusokonekera kwamunthu payekha kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa ziwiri:

• kulumikizidwa kosakhazikika kapena cholakwika chosakhazikika pagawo lotsika lamagetsi oyatsira;
• kuwonongeka kwa dera lamphamvu kwambiri lamagetsi oyatsira kapena kuwonongeka kwa slider.

Chivundikiro cha slider ndi distribuerar

Zifukwa zamoto zitha kukhala kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a crankshaft ndi masensa a camshaft (mutha kuwona momwe mungayang'anire sensor ya Hall munkhani ina).

Pa magalimoto a carbureted, vuto ndilo chivundikiro cha distribuerar. Nthawi zambiri ming'alu kapena kuwonongeka kumawonekera pamenepo. Diagnostics ayenera kuchitidwa mbali zonse, pambuyo misozi kwa fumbi ndi dothi. M`pofunika kulabadira zotheka kukhalapo kwa ming`alu, mpweya njanji, zopsereza kulankhula ndi zolakwika zina. muyeneranso kuyang'ana momwe maburashi alili, komanso kulimba kwa kukanikiza kwawo motsutsana ndi mawonekedwe a slider. Pamapeto pa kukonzanso, ndi bwino kupopera pamwamba pa dongosololi ndi desiccant.

Poyatsira koyilo

Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta m'dongosololi ndi coil yoyatsira (pambuyo pake pano). Ntchito yake ndi kupanga kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwambiri pa spark plug. Ma coils amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Makina akale ankagwiritsa ntchito ma coils okhala ndi mafunde amodzi, amakono amagwiritsa ntchito mapasa kapena monolithic modules okhala ndi mawaya othamanga kwambiri ndi matumba. Pakadali pano, ma koyilo nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pa silinda iliyonse. Amayikidwa pa makandulo, mapangidwe awo sapereka kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya apamwamba kwambiri ndi malangizo.

Poyatsira koyilo

Pa magalimoto akale, kumene dera lalifupi linaikidwa mu kopi imodzi, kulephera kwake (kuphwanyidwa kwa mawindo kapena kuzungulira kwake) kunachititsa kuti galimotoyo isayambe. Pa magalimoto amakono, pakakhala mavuto pa imodzi mwa ma koyilo, injini yoyaka mkati imayamba "kuthamanga".

Mutha kuzindikira coil yoyatsira m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• kuyang'ana kowoneka;
• kugwiritsa ntchito ohmmeter;
• mothandizidwa ndi motor-tester (oscillograph).

Poyang'ana zowoneka bwino, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mosamala magawo omwe amateteza panopa. Asakhale ndi zizindikiro za mwaye, komanso ming'alu. Ngati pakuwunika mwazindikira zolakwika zotere, izi zikutanthauza kuti koyiloyo iyenera kusinthidwa.

Kuzindikira za kuwonongeka kwa moto kumaphatikizapo kuyeza kukana kwa kutchinjiriza pamakona oyambira ndi achiwiri a koyilo yoyatsira. Mutha kuyeza ndi ohmmeter (multimeter yomwe ikugwira ntchito muyeso yoyeserera), popanga miyeso pama terminals a windings.

Koyilo iliyonse yoyatsira ili ndi mtengo wake wokana. Zambiri zatsatanetsatane zitha kupezeka muzolemba zaukadaulo za izo.

zambiri zowunikira zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi momwe mungayang'anire koyilo yoyatsira. Ndipo njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri yodziwira coil yoyatsira ndi dongosolo lonselo ikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito tester motor (oscilloscope).

Ignition module diagnostics

ICE poyatsira module

Ma diagnostics omwe atchulidwawa ayenera kuchitidwa ngati zovuta zotsatirazi zikuchitika:

• kusakhazikika idling ya injini kuyaka mkati;
• kulephera kwa magalimoto mumayendedwe othamangitsira;
• ICE katatu kapena kawiri.

Moyenera, makina ojambulira ndi makina oyesa magalimoto ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire gawo loyatsira. Komabe, popeza chida ichi ndi chokwera mtengo ndipo chimangogwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira akatswiri, zimakhala zotheka kuti dalaivala wamba ayang'ane gawo loyatsira pokhapokha ndi njira zotsogola. Mwakutero, pali njira zitatu zotsimikizira:

1. Kusintha module ndi yodziwika yogwira ntchito. Komabe, pali mavuto angapo pano. Choyamba ndi kusowa kwa galimoto yopereka ndalama. Chachiwiri ndi chakuti gawo lina liyenera kukhala lofanana ndendende ndi lomwe likufufuzidwa. Chachitatu - mawaya amphamvu kwambiri ayenera kudziwika kuti ali bwino. Choncho, njira imeneyi si ntchito kawirikawiri.
2. Njira yogwedeza ma module. Kuti muzindikire node, muyenera kungosuntha chipika cha mawaya, komanso gawo lokha. Ngati panthawi imodzimodziyo njira yogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka mkati imasintha bwino, izi zikutanthauza kuti penapake pali kukhudzana koyipa komwe kumayenera kukonzedwa.
3. Kukana muyeso. Kuti muchite izi, mufunika ohmmeter (multimeter yomwe imagwira ntchito poyesa kukana magetsi). Ma probes a chipangizochi amayezera kukana pama terminal pakati pa 1 ndi 4, komanso masilinda 2 ndi 3. Mtengo wotsutsa uyenera kukhala wofanana. Ponena za kukula kwake, kumatha kukhala kosiyana ndi makina osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kwa Vaz-2114 mtengo ayenera kukhala m'dera la 5,4 kOhm.

Electronic control system DVSm

Pafupifupi magalimoto onse amakono ali ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi (ECU). Imasankha zokha magawo ogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka mkati motengera zomwe zalandilidwa kuchokera ku masensa. Ndi chithandizo chake, mutha kuzindikira kuwonongeka komwe kwachitika pamakina osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza makina oyatsira. Kuti mupeze matenda, muyenera kulumikiza scanner yapadera, yomwe, pakagwa cholakwika, ikuwonetsani code yake. Nthawi zambiri, zolakwika pakugwira ntchito kwadongosolo zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa imodzi mwa masensa apakompyuta omwe amapereka chidziwitso pakompyuta. Chojambulira chamagetsi chidzakudziwitsani za cholakwikacho.

Diagnostics dongosolo poyatsira ntchito oscilloscope

Nthawi zambiri, poyang'ana mwaukadaulo momwe amayatsira galimoto, amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa motor tester. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwunika mawonekedwe amagetsi apamwamba mumagetsi oyatsira. Kuphatikiza apo, pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, mutha kuwona magawo otsatirawa munthawi yeniyeni:

Seti yathunthu ya zoyesa zamagalimoto zowunikira magalimoto

• spark voltage;
• kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali;
• kuwonongeka kwa magetsi a spark.

Chidziwitso chonse chikuwonetsedwa pazenera mu mawonekedwe a oscillogram pakompyuta, yomwe imapereka chithunzi chokwanira cha machitidwe a makandulo ndi zinthu zina za dongosolo loyatsira galimoto. Kutengera ndi poyatsira, diagnostics ikuchitika molingana ndi ma aligorivimu osiyana.

ndicho, tingachipeze powerenga (wogawa), munthu ndi DIS poyatsira machitidwe amafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito oscilloscope m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mutha kupeza malangizo atsatanetsatane pankhaniyi m'nkhani ina yowunikira kuyatsa ndi oscilloscope.

anapezazo

kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo loyatsira moto nthawi zina kumatha kukhala mavuto akulu panthawi yolakwika. Chifukwa chake, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muziyang'ana nthawi ndi nthawi zinthu zake zoyambira (ma spark plugs, mawaya okwera kwambiri, ma coil poyatsira). Cheke ichi ndi chosavuta, ndipo chili mkati mwa mphamvu ya ngakhale woyendetsa galimoto wosadziwa zambiri. Ndipo zikawonongeka zovuta, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupeze thandizo kuchokera ku siteshoni kuti muthe kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane pogwiritsa ntchito tester motor ndi zida zina zowunikira.