Ndi scanner iti yomwe ili yabwino kwa diagnostics

Ndi scanner yanji ya diagnostics kusankha? Eni ake a magalimoto apakhomo ndi akunja amafunsa pamabwalo. Ndipotu, zipangizo zoterezi zimagawidwa m'magulu osati mitengo ndi opanga okha, komanso mitundu. kutanthauza, pali autonomous ndi adaptive autoscanners, ndipo iwonso anawagawa wogulitsa, mtundu ndi Mipikisano mtundu. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mawonekedwe ake ogwiritsira ntchito, ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa scanner imodzi kapena ina yapadziko lonse lapansi yodziwira matenda nthawi zonse ndi chisankho chonyengerera.

Ma autoscanner onse ochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana amatha kugawidwa kukhala akatswiri komanso amateur. Zoyamba zimapereka mwayi wopeza zolakwika m'galimoto, koma zovuta zawo ndizokwera mtengo. Chifukwa chake, ma autoscanner amateur ndiodziwika kwambiri pakati pa eni magalimoto wamba. Zomwe nthawi zambiri zimangogulidwa. Pamapeto pa nkhaniyi, TOP ya makina ojambulira bwino kwambiri amaperekedwa, kutengera mayeso ndi ndemanga za eni magalimoto omwe amapezeka pa intaneti.

Kodi autoscanner ndi chiyani?

Musanayang'ane yankho la funso loti scanner ili bwino kuti muzindikire galimoto, muyenera kusankha chomwe chipangizochi ndi cha, chomwe mungachite nacho komanso ntchito zomwe zimagwira. Pambuyo pake, ngati ndinu mwiniwake wosadziwa, ndiye kuti padzakhala zokwanira zomwe zingakulolezeni kuti muwerenge zolakwika, koma akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito zomwe zingatheke.

Nthawi zambiri, pakagwa vuto, nyali ya "Check Engine" pagawo imayatsa. Koma kuti mumvetse chifukwa chake, chojambulira chosavuta komanso pulogalamu yaulere pa foni yanu kapena laputopu ndizokwanira, zomwe mudzalandira nambala yolakwika ndi kutanthauzira mwachidule tanthauzo lake. Izi zikuthandizani kuti musalumikizane ndi mautumiki amtunduwu.

Zowunikira zowunikira zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti athe kuyeza zizindikiro zilizonse, kukhazikitsa zovuta zenizeni pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka moto mkati, chassis kapena clutch, ndikupangitsa kuti zitheke kusintha zizindikiro zosokedwa mu ECU popanda mapulogalamu owonjezera, chifukwa scanner ndi kompyuta yaying'ono yolunjika. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mokwanira, mumafunikira luso lapadera.

Mitundu ya autoscanners

kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zili bwino kugula autoscanner, sankhani mtundu womwe amagawidwa. Zidazi ndizodziyimira pawokha komanso zosinthika.

Autonomous scanners - Izi ndi zida zaukadaulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza pamagalimoto. Amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi, ndikuwerenga zomwe zikuyenera kuchokera pamenepo. Ubwino wa autoscanners odziyimira pawokha ndi magwiridwe awo apamwamba. ndiko kuti, ndi chithandizo chawo, simungangozindikira cholakwika, komanso kupeza zina zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi makina enaake. Ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuthetsa mwamsanga komanso mosavuta zolakwika zomwe zakhala zikuchitika. Kuipa kwa zipangizo zoterezi ndi chimodzi, ndipo chiri pamtengo wokwera.

Adaptive autoscanners ndizosavuta. Ndiwo mabokosi ang'onoang'ono omwe amalumikizidwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chonyamula - foni yamakono, piritsi, laputopu, pomwe pulogalamu yowonjezera yofananira imayikidwa. kotero, mothandizidwa ndi adaptive autoscanner, mutha kungolandira zidziwitso kuchokera pakompyuta, ndipo kukonza zomwe mwalandira kumachitidwa kale pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu pazida zakunja. Magwiridwe a zida zotere nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika (ngakhale izi zimatengera kuthekera kwa mapulogalamu omwe adayikidwa). Komabe, mwayi wa ma autoscanners osinthika ndi mtengo wawo wololera, womwe, kuphatikiza ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino, wakhala chinthu chotsimikizika pakufalikira kwa ma autoscanner amtunduwu. Oyendetsa wamba ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma autoscanner osinthika.

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu iwiriyi, ma autoscanners amagawidwanso mitundu itatu. kutanthauza:

• Zogulitsa. Zipangizozi zimapangidwira mwachindunji ndi wopanga magalimoto ndipo zimapangidwira chitsanzo chapadera (nthawi zina mitundu ingapo ya magalimoto ofanana). Mwa tanthawuzo, iwo ndi oyambirira ndipo ali ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri. Komabe, ma autoscanners ogulitsa ali ndi zovuta ziwiri zazikulu. Choyamba ndi kuchita kwake kochepa, ndiko kuti, simungagwiritse ntchito chipangizochi kuti muzindikire makina osiyanasiyana. Yachiwiri ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndi chifukwa chake sanapeze kutchuka kwakukulu.
• Mpesa. Ma autoscanners awa amasiyana ndi ogulitsa chifukwa amapangidwa osati ndi automaker, koma ndi makampani ena. Ponena za magwiridwe antchito, ili pafupi ndi ma autoscanners ogulitsa, ndipo imatha kusiyana ndi mapulogalamu. Mothandizidwa ndi ma autoscanner odziwika, mutha kuzindikiranso zolakwika pamtundu umodzi kapena wocheperako wamagalimoto ofanana. Wogulitsa ndi masikelo amtundu ndi zida zaukadaulo, motero, zimagulidwa makamaka ndi oyang'anira ntchito zamagalimoto kapena mabizinesi kuti azichita zowunikira komanso kukonza.
• Multibrand. Ma scanner amtunduwu apeza kutchuka kwakukulu pakati pa eni magalimoto wamba. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha ubwino wake. Pakati pawo, mtengo wochepa (poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zamakono), magwiridwe antchito okwanira kudzifufuza, kupezeka kwa malonda, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, makina ojambulira mitundu yambiri safunikira kusankhidwa mtundu wina wagalimoto. Ndiapadziko lonse lapansi komanso oyenera pamagalimoto amakono aliwonse omwe ali ndi zida zowongolera zamagetsi ICE.

Kaya mtundu wa auto diagnostic scanner, zida izi pakali pano zimagwiritsa ntchito miyezo ya OBD - kuwunika kwamagalimoto apakompyuta (chidule cha Chingerezi chimayimira diagnostics On-board). Kuchokera mu 1996 mpaka lero, muyezo wa OBD-II wakhala ukugwira ntchito, umapereka mphamvu zonse pa injini, ziwalo za thupi, zida zoyikirapo, komanso zowunikira pamaneti owongolera magalimoto.

Sankhani scanner iti

Madalaivala apakhomo amagwiritsa ntchito ma autoscanner osiyanasiyana odziyimira pawokha komanso osinthika. Gawoli likupereka mavoti a zipangizozi potengera ndemanga zopezeka pa intaneti. mndandandawu si wamalonda ndipo sulimbikitsa masikelo aliwonse. Ntchito yake ndikupereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri pazida zomwe zilipo zogulitsidwa. Chiwerengerocho chimagawidwa m'magawo awiri - makina ojambulira akatswiri, omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamagalimoto amagalimoto, chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wapamwamba, komanso zida za bajeti zomwe zimapezeka kwa eni magalimoto wamba. Tiyeni tiyambe kufotokozera ndi zipangizo zamakono.

Autel MaxiDas DS708

Autoscanner iyi imayikidwa ngati katswiri, ndipo ndi chithandizo chake mutha kuzindikira ndikusintha magawo a magalimoto aku Europe, America ndi Asia. Chipangizochi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi kompyuta. Ubwino wa Autel MaxiDas DS708 autoscanner ndi kupezeka kwa chowunikira cha mainchesi asanu ndi awiri chosagwira ntchito ndi Touch Screen. Pogula, ndikofunikira kulabadira chilankhulo cha chilankhulo, chomwe ndi Russified opareting system of the device.

Makhalidwe apakompyuta:

• Thandizo lalikulu la ntchito zamalonda - njira zapadera ndi mayesero, kusintha, zoyambitsa, zolemba.
• Kutha kugwira ntchito ndi magalimoto ochokera ku Europe, Japan, Korea, USA, China.
• Kutha kuchita zowunikira zonse, kuphatikiza zamagetsi zamagetsi, makina azama media, injini yoyaka mkati ndi zida zotumizira.
• Kutha kugwira ntchito ndi mitundu yopitilira 50 yamagalimoto.
• Kuthandizira ma protocol onse a OBD-II ndi mitundu yonse 10 yoyeserera ya OBD.
• Thandizo la kulumikizana kwa ma Wi-Fi opanda zingwe.
• Zosintha zokha zamapulogalamu kudzera pa Wi-Fi.
• Chipangizocho chili ndi chivundikiro cha rabara ndipo chili ndi kachipangizo kokana kugwedezeka.
• Kutha kujambula, kusunga ndi kusindikiza deta yofunikira kuti mufufuze.
• Kuthandizira kusindikiza kudzera pa chosindikizira pa netiweki ya Wi-Fi yopanda zingwe.
• Kutentha kwa ntchito kumachokera ku 0 ° C mpaka + 60ºC.
• Kutentha kosungirako: -10°C mpaka +70°C.
• Kulemera - 8,5 makilogalamu.

Pazofooka za chipangizochi, mtengo wake wapamwamba ndi womwe ungadziwike. Chifukwa chake, poyambira 2019, mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 60. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zosintha zamapulogalamu zimakhala zaulere kwa chaka choyamba, ndiyeno ndalama zowonjezera zimaperekedwa kwa izo. Kawirikawiri, tinganene kuti chipangizochi ndi choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'masitolo ogulitsa magalimoto omwe amakonza magalimoto mosalekeza.

Bosch KTS 570

Bosch KTS 570 autoscanner itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magalimoto ndi magalimoto. ndicho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito pozindikira machitidwe a dizilo a BOSCH. Kuthekera kwa pulogalamu ya scanner ndikokulirapo kwambiri. Itha kugwira ntchito ndi mitundu 52 yamagalimoto. Pazabwino za chipangizocho, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zotsatirazi:

• Phukusili limaphatikizapo ma oscilloscope anjira ziwiri ndi multimeter ya digito yowunikira zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi ma siginecha makina.
• Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizapo ofesi yothandizira ESItronic, yomwe ili ndi ma catalogs a mabwalo amagetsi, mafotokozedwe a njira zogwirira ntchito, kusintha kwa magalimoto enieni, ndi zina.
• Kutha kugwiritsa ntchito autoscanner kuti muzindikire zida.

Pazofooka, mtengo wokwera wa autoscanner ungadziwike, womwe ndi 2500 euros kapena 190 zikwi za ruble zaku Russia za KTS 590 version.

Carman Jambulani VG+

Carman Scan VG+ ndi imodzi mwa zida zamphamvu kwambiri pamsika wake. Itha kugwira ntchito ndi pafupifupi magalimoto aliwonse aku Europe, America ndi Asia. Kuphatikiza apo, kit imaphatikizapo:

• Oscilloscope ya digito yamayendedwe anayi okhala ndi kusesa kwa ma microseconds 20 komanso kuthekera kosanthula ma siginecha a CAN-basi.
• Multi-channel multimeter yokhala ndi voteji yopitilira 500V, voteji, yapano, kukana, ma frequency ndi njira zoyezera kuthamanga.
• High-voltage oscilloscope yogwira ntchito ndi mabwalo oyatsira: kuyeza zopereka zamasilinda, kufunafuna zolakwika zadera.
• Jenereta ya Signal yofananizira magwiridwe antchito a masensa osiyanasiyana: resistive, frequency, voltage sources.

Chipangizocho chili ndi vuto losamva mantha. M'malo mwake, izi sizongojambula zokha, koma chida chomwe chimaphatikiza chojambulira, choyezera injini ndi choyimira chizindikiro cha sensor. Choncho, ndi thandizo lake, inu mukhoza kuchita osati kompyuta, komanso diagnostics zida.

Kuipa kwa zipangizo zoterezi ndizofanana - mtengo wapamwamba. Kwa Carman Scan VG + autoscanner, ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 240.

ndiye tipita ku kufotokozera kwa autoscanners ya bajeti kwa oyendetsa galimoto, chifukwa iwo akufunika kwambiri.

Autocom CDP Pro Car

Ma autoscanner oyambilira amtundu wamtundu wa Autocom waku Sweden amagawidwa m'magulu awiri - Pro Car ndi Pro Trucks. Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, choyamba - magalimoto, chachiwiri - magalimoto. Komabe, analogi yaku China ikugulitsidwa pano yotchedwa Autocom CDP Pro Car + Trucks, yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ndi magalimoto. Ogwiritsa ntchito amazindikira kuti zida zomwe sizinali zoyambirira zimagwiranso ntchito ngati zoyambirira. The drawback okha anadula mapulogalamu anadula ndi uppdater madalaivala.

Makhalidwe apakompyuta:

• Kulumikizana kumapangidwa kudzera pa cholumikizira cha OBD-II, komabe, ndikothekanso kulumikizana kudzera pa cholumikizira cha 16-pin J1962.
• Kutha kuthandiza zinenero zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Russian. Samalani izi pogula.
• Kutha kulumikiza chipangizocho ku PC kapena foni yamakono pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti yopanda zingwe, komanso kudzera pa Bluetooth mkati mwa utali wa mamita 10.
• Ukadaulo wapatent wa Autocom ISI (Intelligent System Identification) umagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikiritsa galimoto yomwe wapezeka nayo mwachangu, basi.
• Ukadaulo wa patent wa Autocom ISS (Intelligent System Scan) umagwiritsidwa ntchito poponya voti mwachangu pamakina onse ndi magawo amagalimoto.
• Ntchito zambiri zamakina ogwiritsira ntchito (kuwerenga ndikukhazikitsanso ma code olakwika kuchokera ku ECU, kukonzanso zosintha, kukod, kukonzanso kwakanthawi kwautumiki, ndi zina).
• Chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito ndi machitidwe awa agalimoto: injini yoyaka mkati molingana ndi ma protocol a OBD2, injini yoyaka mkati molingana ndi ma protocol opanga magalimoto, makina oyatsira magetsi, kuwongolera nyengo, dongosolo la immobilizer, kufala, ABS ndi ESP, SRS Airbag, dashboard, zamagetsi zamagetsi machitidwe ndi ena.

Ndemanga za autoscanner iyi yomwe imapezeka pa intaneti imapangitsa kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho ndi chapamwamba komanso chodalirika. Chifukwa chake, kudzakhala kupeza kwabwino kwambiri kwa eni magalimoto ndi / kapena magalimoto. Mtengo wa sikani yamitundu yambiri ya Autocom CDP Pro Car + Trucks monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 6000.

Yambitsani Creader VI+

Launch Creader 6+ ndi multibrand autoscanner yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magalimoto aliwonse omwe amathandizira mulingo wa OBD-II. mwachitsanzo, bukuli limati limagwira ntchito ndi magalimoto onse aku America omwe adapangidwa pambuyo pa 1996, ndi magalimoto onse amafuta aku Europe omwe adapangidwa pambuyo pa 2001, ndi magalimoto onse a dizilo aku Europe omwe adapangidwa pambuyo pa 2004. Ilibe magwiridwe antchito ambiri, komabe, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ntchito zofananira, monga kupeza ndikuchotsa zolakwika zomwe kukumbukira kwamagetsi owongolera zamagetsi, komanso kuyesa zina zowonjezera, monga momwe galimoto ilili, kuwerenga mtsinje wa data mu mphamvu, kuyang'ana "stop frame" ya deta zosiyanasiyana zowunikira, mayesero a masensa ndi zinthu za machitidwe osiyanasiyana.

Ili ndi chophimba chaching'ono chamtundu wa TFT chokhala ndi diagonal ya mainchesi 2,8. Imalumikiza pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira cha 16-pin DLC. Makulidwe (kutalika / m'lifupi / kutalika) - 121/82/26 millimeters. Kulemera - zosakwana 500 magalamu pa seti. Ndemanga zokhuza magwiridwe antchito a Launch Crider autoscanner nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino. Nthawi zina, magwiridwe antchito ake ochepa amadziwika. Komabe, zonsezi zimathetsedwa ndi mtengo wotsika wa chipangizocho, chomwe ndi pafupifupi 5 rubles. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuyipangira kuti igulidwe kwa eni magalimoto wamba.

YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA 327

ELM 327 autoscanners si amodzi, koma mzere wonse wa zida zolumikizidwa pansi pa dzina limodzi. Amapangidwa ndi makampani osiyanasiyana aku China. Ma Autoscanners ali ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana komanso magwiridwe antchito. Kotero, pakali pano, oposa khumi ndi awiri a autoscanners a ELM 327 angapezeke pa malonda. Pali mapulogalamu osinthika a machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Windows, iOS, Android. Autoscanner ndi mitundu yambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi magalimoto onse opangidwa pambuyo pa 1996, ndiye kuti, omwe amathandiza kufalitsa deta ya OBD-II.

Makhalidwe aukadaulo a ELM 327 autoscanner:

• Kutha kuyang'ana zolakwika mu kukumbukira kwa ECU, ndikuzichotsa.
• Kuthekera kuwonetsa magawo aukadaulo agalimoto (monga, liwiro la injini, kuchuluka kwa injini, kutentha kozizira, momwe mafuta amagwirira ntchito, kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kwakanthawi kochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kwanthawi yayitali, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, nthawi yoyatsira, kutentha kwa mpweya. , kutuluka kwa mpweya wambiri, malo otsekemera, kufufuza kwa lambda, kuthamanga kwamafuta).
• Kukweza deta mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuthekera kosindikiza mukalumikizidwa ndi chosindikizira.
• Kujambula magawo aukadaulo amunthu, kupanga ma graph potengera iwo.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ELM327 autoscanners ndi imodzi mwa zitsanzo zodziwika kwambiri za zipangizozi. Ngakhale magwiridwe antchito ochepa, ali ndi kuthekera kokwanira kusanthula zolakwika, zomwe ndizokwanira kuzindikira zolakwika zamagalimoto osiyanasiyana. Ndipo kupatsidwa mtengo wotsika wa autoscanner (zimadalira wopanga enieni ndi ma ruble 500 ndi zina), ndithudi akulimbikitsidwa kugula ndi eni galimoto ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto okonzeka ndi dongosolo lamakono kulamulira injini.

XTOOL U485

Autoscanner XTOOL U485 ndi chipangizo chodziyimira chokha chamitundu yambiri. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, simuyenera kuyika pulogalamu yowonjezera pa smartphone kapena laputopu yanu. Chipangizocho chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi cholumikizira cha OBD-II chagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe, ndipo chidziwitso chofananiracho chikuwonetsedwa pazenera lake. Ntchito ya autoscanner ndi yaying'ono, koma ndi chithandizo chake ndizotheka kuwerenga ndikuchotsa zolakwika kukumbukira pagawo lamagetsi.

Ubwino wa XTOOL U485 autoscanner ndi kuchuluka kwake kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali, komanso kupezeka kwake paliponse. Pazolakwazo, ndizoyenera kudziwa kuti makina ake opangira opangira amathandizira Chingerezi chokha. Komabe, kuwongolera kwake ndikosavuta komanso kowoneka bwino, kotero nthawi zambiri eni eni agalimoto sakhala ndi vuto poigwiritsa ntchito. Mtengo wa autoscanner iyi ndi pafupifupi madola 30 kapena ma ruble 2000.

Mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito autoscanners

Chidziwitso chenicheni cha momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito izi kapena autoscanner ili mu malangizo ake. Chifukwa chake, musanagwiritse ntchito chipangizocho, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga malangizowo ndikutsata mosamalitsa zomwe zaperekedwa mmenemo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, ma algorithm ogwiritsira ntchito autoscanner yosinthika adzakhala motere:

1. Ikani pulogalamu yoyenera pa laputopu, foni yamakono, piritsi (kutengera chipangizo chomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito scanner). nthawi zambiri, pogula chipangizo, pulogalamuyo imabwera nayo, kapena ikhoza kutsitsidwa kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka la wopanga chipangizocho.
2. Lumikizani chipangizocho ku cholumikizira cha OBD-II pagalimoto.
3. Yambitsani chipangizo ndi chida ndikuchita diagnostics molingana ndi kuthekera kwa pulogalamu yoyika.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito autoscanner, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Mwa iwo:

• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma scanner amitundu yambiri (nthawi zambiri akatswiri), muyenera kuphunzira mosamala momwe amagwirira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito algorithm musanagwiritse ntchito inayake. ndicho, ambiri mwa zipangizozi ali ndi "Reprogramming" ntchito (kapena akhoza kutchedwa mosiyana), amene reset zoikamo galimoto galimoto zoikamo fakitale. Ndipo izi zingayambitse kugwira ntchito molakwika kwa zigawo zaumwini ndi misonkhano ndi zotsatira zake zonse.
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya ma autoscanners odziwika amitundu yambiri, mavuto amadza chifukwa cholumikizana ndi gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi. ndiye, ECU "sikuwona" scanner. Kuti muthetse vutoli, muyenera kupanga chotchedwa pinout cha zolowetsa.

Pinout algorithm imadalira mtundu wagalimoto, chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa chithunzi cholumikizira. Ngati mukufuna kulumikiza autoscanner ku galimoto yomwe inapangidwa isanafike 1996 kapena galimoto, ndiye kuti muyenera kukhala ndi adaputala yapadera ya izi, popeza njira iyi ili ndi kugwirizana kosiyana kwa OBD.

Pomaliza

Makina ojambulira makina amagetsi ndi chinthu chothandiza komanso chofunikira kwa mwini galimoto aliyense. Ndi chithandizo chake, mutha kuzindikira mwachangu komanso mosavuta zolakwika pakugwira ntchito kwa magawo amtundu uliwonse ndi misonkhano yagalimoto. Kwa okonda magalimoto wamba, sikani yotsika mtengo yamitundu yambiri yophatikizidwa ndi foni yamakono ndiyoyenera kwambiri. Ponena za mtundu ndi mtundu wina, kusankha kuli kwa woyendetsa galimoto.

kupanga chisankho kumachokera ku chiŵerengero cha mtengo ndi khalidwe, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Ngati mwakhala ndi chidziwitso pakugula, kusankha, kapena mukudziwa zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito autoscanner inayake, lembani za izo mu ndemanga.