CVT gearbox - ndichiyani?

Kodi bokosi la CVT ndi chiyaniFunso lotere lingakhale losangalatsa kwa eni magalimoto omwe alipo omwe ali ndi ma torque amtunduwu komanso am'tsogolo. mtundu uwu wa gearbox umatanthawuza kusakhalapo kwa magiya okhazikika. Izi zimapereka kuyenda kosalala, komanso kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito injini yoyaka mkati mwamayendedwe abwino. Dzina lina la bokosi loterolo ndilosiyana. ndiye tikambirana ubwino ndi kuipa kwa CVT gearbox, nuances ntchito yake, komanso ndemanga za oyendetsa galimoto amene ali ndi kufala mosalekeza variable.

Tanthauzo

Chidule cha CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission - English) chimatanthawuza "kutumiza kosinthika nthawi zonse." Ndiko kuti, mapangidwe ake akutanthauza zotheka kusintha kosalala chiŵerengero cha kufala pakati pa ma pulleys oyendetsa ndi oyendetsedwa. M'malo mwake, izi zikutanthauza kuti bokosi la CVT lili ndi magawo ambiri amagetsi mumtundu wina (malire amtunduwu amakhazikitsa ma diameter ocheperako komanso apamwamba kwambiri). CVT ntchito m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi ntchito kufala basi. Mukhoza kuwerenga za kusiyana kwawo mosiyana.

Mpaka pano, pali mitundu yotsatirayi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana:

CVT ntchito

• kutsogolo;
• chozungulira;
• mpira;
• multidisk;
• TSIRIZA;
• funde;
• mipira ya disc;
• V-lamba.

Bokosi CVT (variator) ntchito osati ngati kufala kwa magalimoto, komanso magalimoto ena - mwachitsanzo, scooters, snowmobiles, ATVs, ndi zina zotero.

Mtundu wodziwika bwino wa bokosi la CVT ndi friction V-belt variator. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuphweka kwachibale ndi kudalirika kwa mapangidwe ake, komanso kumasuka komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito pamakina opatsirana. Masiku ano, ambiri opanga magalimoto omwe amapanga magalimoto okhala ndi bokosi la CVT amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya V-belt (kupatulapo mitundu ina ya Nissan yokhala ndi bokosi la CVT toroidal). Kenaka, ganizirani za mapangidwe ndi mfundo za ntchito ya V-lamba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bokosi la CVT

Chosiyana cha V-belt chili ndi magawo awiri:

• Lamba wa mano wa trapezoidal. Ena opanga magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito tcheni chachitsulo kapena lamba wopangidwa ndi mbale zachitsulo m'malo mwake.
• Mapulani awiri opangidwa ndi ma cones akulozerana wina ndi mzake ndi nsonga.

Pamene ma coaxial cones ali pafupi wina ndi mzake, kukula kwa bwalo lomwe lamba limafotokoza kumachepa kapena kumawonjezeka. Zigawo zomwe zalembedwa ndi CVT actuators. Ndipo chilichonse chimayendetsedwa ndi zamagetsi kutengera zambiri kuchokera ku masensa ambiri.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito variator

Stepless CVT kufala chipangizo

Choncho, ngati m'mimba mwake wa pulley yoyendetsa ndi yochuluka (ma cones ake adzakhala pafupi ndi wina ndi mzake momwe angathere), ndipo yoyendetsedwa ndi yochepa (ma cones ake amasiyana momwe angathere), ndiye izi zikutanthauza kuti "wapamwamba kwambiri." gear" imayatsidwa (zogwirizana ndi 4th kapena 5th transmission mu transmission wamba). Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati m'mimba mwake wa pulley yoyendetsedwa ndi yochepa (ma cones ake amasiyana), ndipo pulley yoyendetsedwa ndi yochuluka (ma cones ake adzatseka), ndiye kuti izi zikugwirizana ndi "giya lotsikitsitsa" (loyamba pamayendedwe achikhalidwe).

Poyendetsa mosinthana, CVT imagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera, nthawi zambiri ma gearbox a mapulaneti, popeza njira yachikhalidwe siyingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Chifukwa cha mapangidwe apangidwe, chosinthiracho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamakina ang'onoang'ono (okhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati mpaka 220 hp). Izi ndichifukwa cha khama lalikulu lomwe lamba amakumana nalo panthawi yogwira ntchito. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito galimoto yokhala ndi CVT transmission imayika zoletsa zina kwa dalaivala. Choncho, simungayambe mwadzidzidzi kuchoka pamalo, kuyendetsa kwa nthawi yaitali pamtunda waukulu kapena wocheperapo, kukoka ngolo, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa CVT mabokosi

Monga chipangizo chilichonse chaukadaulo, ma CVT ali ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zawo. Koma mwachilungamo, tiyenera kuganizira kuti pakali pano, automakers nthawi zonse kuwongolera kufala uku, kotero m'kupita kwa nthawi chithunzi adzakhala zambiri kusintha, ndi CVTs adzakhala ndi zofooka zochepa. Komabe, lero gearbox ya CVT ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zotsatirazi:

ubwino	zolakwa
The Variator amapereka mathamangitsidwe yosalala popanda jerks, mmene kufala Buku kapena basi.	Zosinthazi zakhazikitsidwa lero pagalimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati mpaka 220 hp. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma motors amphamvu kwambiri amakhudza kwambiri lamba woyendetsa (unyolo) wa mtunduwu.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, mafuta amapulumutsidwa, ndipo mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati imasamutsidwa ku njira zochitira mwachangu.	The Variator amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa mafuta a gear. nthawi zambiri, muyenera kugula mafuta apamwamba okha, omwe ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa anzawo a bajeti. Komanso, muyenera kusintha mafuta nthawi zambiri kuposa kufala chikhalidwe (pafupifupi 30 zikwi makilomita).
Kuchuluka kwamafuta amafuta. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kuwonjezereka kosalala kwa liwiro la injini ndi liwiro (pamayendedwe achikhalidwe, kuchulukira kwakukulu kumachitika pakasintha magiya).	Kuvuta kwa chipangizo chosinthira (kukhalapo kwa zamagetsi "zanzeru" ndi masensa ambiri) kumabweretsa kuti pakuwonongeka pang'ono kwa imodzi mwazinthu zambiri, chosinthiracho chimasinthidwa kukhala chadzidzidzi kapena kulemala (kukakamizidwa). kapena mwadzidzidzi).
Kukonda zachilengedwe kwapamwamba, zomwe zimakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mafuta. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti magalimoto okhala ndi CVT amakwaniritsa zofunikira zamakono zaku Europe.	Kuvuta kwa kukonza. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale mavuto ang'onoang'ono ndi opareshoni kapena kukonza variator kungachititse kuti zinthu zovuta kupeza msonkhano ndi akatswiri kukonza unit (izi ndi zoona makamaka m'matauni ndi midzi). Ndipo mtengo wokonza makina osinthira ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa zolemba zamabuku kapena zodziwikiratu.
Zamagetsi zomwe zimayang'anira zosinthika nthawi zonse zimasankha njira yabwino yogwirira ntchito. Ndiko kuti, kufala nthawi zonse kumagwira ntchito mofatsa kwambiri. Choncho, izi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kuvala ndi moyo wautumiki wa unit.	Kalavani kapena galimoto ina silingakokedwe pagalimoto yokhala ndi CVT.

Galimoto yokhala ndi CVT siyingakokedwe ndi ngolo kapena galimoto ina. ndizosatheka kukoka galimoto yokha ngati injini yake yoyaka mkati yazimitsidwa. Kupatulapo ndizochitika ngati mutapachika chitsulo choyendetsa galimoto.

zotheka zovuta zogwirira ntchito

M'malo mwake, eni magalimoto okhala ndi CVT amakumana ndi mavuto akulu atatu.

1. Zovala za cone. Chifukwa cha izi ndi banal - kukhudzana ndi kuvala zinthu (zitsulo tchipisi) kapena zinyalala pa malo ntchito. Mwini galimotoyo adzauzidwa za vutoli ndi hum yomwe imachokera ku variator. Izi zitha kuchitika pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana - kuyambira 40 mpaka 150 ma kilomita. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, Nissan Qashqai ndi wolakwa kwambiri pa izi. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, ndikofunikira kusintha mafuta a gear nthawi zonse (malinga ndi malingaliro a opanga magalimoto ambiri, izi ziyenera kuchitika pa 30 ... 50 makilomita zikwi).

   Pampu yochepetsera mphamvu ndi valavu

2. Kulephera kwa valve yochepetsera pampu yamafuta. Izi zidzakudziwitsani ndi kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kwa galimoto, poyambitsa ndi kuphulika, komanso paulendo wodekha wa yunifolomu. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, mwinamwake, chidzagona muzovala zomwezo. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, valavu imamangirizidwa m'malo apakati. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika m'dongosolo kumayamba kudumpha, ma diameter a magalimoto oyendetsa ndi ma pulleys othamangitsidwa samalumikizana, chifukwa cha izi, lamba limayamba kutsika. Pakukonza, mafuta ndi lamba nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa, ndipo ma pulleys amaphwanyidwa. Kupewa kuwonongeka ndi chimodzimodzi - kusintha mafuta opatsirana ndi zosefera pa nthawi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti mafuta amtundu wa CVT ayenera kutsanuliridwa mu makina osinthira (amapatsa kukhuthala kofunikira ndi "kumata"). Mafuta a CVT amasiyanitsidwa ndikuwonetsetsa kugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwa clutch "yonyowa". Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imapereka kulumikizana koyenera pakati pa ma pulleys ndi lamba woyendetsa.
3. Kutentha kwa Ntchito. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mtunduwu umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa ntchito, ndiko kuti, kutenthedwa. Sensa ya kutentha ndiyomwe imayambitsa izi, zomwe, ngati mtengo wofunikira wadutsa, umayika chosinthiracho kukhala chodzidzimutsa (kuyika lamba pamalo apakati pamapule onse awiri). Pofuna kuziziritsa mokakamiza kwa makina, radiator yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. kuti musawotche chosinthira, yesani musayendetse liwiro lalikulu kapena locheperako kwa nthawi yayitali. Komanso musaiwale kuyeretsa radiator yozizira ya CVT (ngati galimoto yanu ili nayo).

Zowonjezera zambiri za mtunduwo

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti CVT gearbox (variator) - mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa kufala mpaka lero. Choncho, pali prerequisites chakuti sinthani pang'onopang'ono m'malo kufala basi, monga chomaliza molimba m'malo kufala Buku pakapita nthawi. Komabe, ngati mwaganiza kugula galimoto okonzeka ndi CVT, muyenera kukumbukira mfundo zotsatirazi:

• chosinthiracho sichinapangidwe kuti chikhale choyendetsa mwaukali (kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutsika);
• Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi chosinthira kwa nthawi yayitali pamtunda wotsika kwambiri komanso wothamanga kwambiri (izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa unit);
• lamba wa variator amawopa kugwedezeka kwakukulu, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuyendetsa pamtunda wathyathyathya, kupewa misewu yakumidzi ndi msewu;
• pa ntchito yozizira, m'pofunika kutenthetsa bokosi, kuyang'anira kutentha kwake. Pa kutentha m'munsimu -30, ali osavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito makina.
• muzosintha, ndikofunikira kusintha mafuta amagetsi munthawi yake (ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba okha).

Musanagule galimoto yokhala ndi gearbox ya CVT, muyenera kukonzekera bwino momwe ntchito yake ikuyendera. Zidzakuwonongerani ndalama zambiri, koma ndizoyenera chisangalalo ndi chitonthozo chomwe CVT imapereka. Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri masiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito kufalitsa kwa CVT, ndipo chiwerengero chawo chikungokulirakulira.

Ndemanga za CVT gearbox

Pomaliza, tasonkhanitsa kwa inu ndemanga zenizeni za eni magalimoto omwe magalimoto awo ali ndi CVT. Timawawonetsa kwa inu kuti mukhale ndi chithunzi chowonekera bwino cha kuyenera kwa chisankho.

Malingaliro abwino	Malingaliro olakwika
Muyenera kuzolowera zosintha. Ndinali ndi maganizo kuti mutangosiya gasi, galimotoyo imayima mofulumira kuposa makina (makamaka, mabuleki a injini). Izi zinali zachilendo kwa ine, ndimakonda kugubuduza kumalo owunikira magalimoto. Ndipo za pluses - pa injini 1.5, mphamvu ndi freaky (osati poyerekeza ndi Supra, koma poyerekeza ndi magalimoto ochiritsira ndi 1.5) ndi mafuta ochepa.	Aliyense amene amatamanda osinthika, palibe amene angafotokoze momveka bwino chifukwa chake kuli bwino kuposa masiku ano, komanso kusalala kwa 6-7-speed real hydromechanics, ndiko kuti, yankho ndi losavuta, palibe, loyipa kwambiri (lolembedwa pamwambapa). Kungoti anthuwa adagula CVT osati chifukwa ndi yabwino kuposa automatic, koma chifukwa galimoto yomwe adaganiza zogula sinabwere ndi automatic yeniyeni.
CVT ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa yodziwikiratu (sindiyerekeza ndi Selick, koma ndi galimoto ina iliyonse yokhala ndi injini ya 1.3	Zosinthazi sizilimbikitsa chiyembekezo. An chidwi chitukuko, ndithudi. Koma, poganizira kuti msika wonse wamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ukuchoka pakuwongolera kudalirika kwamayunitsi amakono, palibe chomwe chingayembekezeredwe kuchokera ku varicos (komanso ma roboti). Kodi ndizotheka kusinthana ndi malingaliro ogula galimoto: Ndidagula, ndikuyiyendetsa kwa zaka 2 pansi pa chitsimikizo, ndikuyiphatikiza, ndikugula yatsopano. Zomwe amatitsogolerako.
Ubwino - kuthamanga mwachangu komanso molimba mtima poyerekeza ndi zodziwikiratu ndi zimango (ngati zimango si katswiri wamasewera pamasewera othamanga). Phindu. (Fit-5,5 l, Integra-7 l, onse pamsewu waukulu)	Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira chosinthira pomwe makina odziwikiratu "classic" adapangidwa kalekale - yosalala komanso yodalirika kwambiri? Njira imodzi yokha imadziwonetsera yokha - kuti muchepetse kudalirika ndikuwotcherera pakugulitsa zida zosinthira. Ndipo monga, 100 zikwi. galimoto inayendetsa - chirichonse, ndi nthawi yopita ku zinyalala.
M'nyengo yozizira yatha ndinayendetsa Civic ndi CVT, panalibe mavuto pa ayezi. Zosinthazi ndizokwera mtengo komanso zamphamvu kuposa makina. Chachikulu ndichakuti mumachipeza bwino. Chabwino, ntchito yotsika mtengo pang'ono ndi mtengo woyendetsa zosangalatsa.	Mwachidule, chosinthira = zotupa, mulka wotsatsa wamagalimoto otayika.
Chaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri pa zosinthika - ndegeyo ndiyabwino kwambiri!	Mfuti yakale yamakina ndiyodalirika ngati ak47, nafik ma varicos awa

Monga mukuonera, anthu ambiri amene anayesa kukwera CVT kamodzi, ngati n'kotheka, musakane zina zosangalatsa izi. Komabe, zili ndi inu kuganiza.

Zotsatira

Zosintha, ngakhale zovuta komanso zokwera mtengo kuzisamalira, zikadali lero kufala kwabwino kwambiri kwa magalimoto okhala ndi injini zoyatsira mkati. Ndipo pakapita nthawi, mtengo wa magalimoto omwe ali nawo udzachepa, ndipo kudalirika kwa dongosolo lotere kudzakula. Choncho, zoletsedwa zomwe zafotokozedwa zidzachotsedwa. Koma lero, musaiwale za iwo, ndi ntchito makina mogwirizana ndi malangizo a Mlengi, ndiyeno bokosi SVT kutumikira mokhulupirika kwa nthawi yaitali komanso makina palokha.