Transformer ndi chiyani? Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Mukudziwa transformer ndi chiyani? Takupezani!

Transformer ndi chipangizo chamagetsi kumasulira magetsi pakati pa mabwalo awiri kapena kuposerapo. Transformers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezeka or kuchepa AC (alternating current) siginecha yamagetsi.

Koma si zokhazo. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane zida zodabwitsazi!

Mbiri ya thiransifoma

Transformer idapangidwa ndi injiniya waku America wakuchokera ku Hungary dzina lake Otto Blatti m'chaka cha 1884.

Amakhulupirira kuti iye anauziridwa kuti apange chipangizocho ataona kuyesa kosatheka komwe kumaphatikizapo kudutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera muzitsulo.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya thiransifoma

Mfundo ya ntchito ya transformer imachokera pa lingaliro la kulowetsa. Mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa koyilo imodzi, imapanga mphamvu ya electromotive mu koyilo ina, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale polarized.

Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti mafunde amalowetsedwa mu dera limodzi lomwe limapanga magetsi omwe amatembenuza polarity yake.

Kodi transfoma ndi chiyani?

Transformers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchepetsa voteji mu dera lamagetsi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotetezeka ku zida zotsika zamagetsi zomwe zili pafupi. sensitive electronic zipangizo, komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mawaya amagetsi m'nyumba.

Transformers angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kugawa mphamvu yolemetsa kapena yosowa kukhazikika podula katundu kuchokera pamzere woperekera panthawi yomwe ikufunika kwambiri.

Transformer imatha kuyikidwa m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana kutengera momwe amachitira zosowa zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti palibe zochulukira, ngakhale dera limodzi litakhala ndi vuto ndi zofunikira zamagetsi.

Izi zimakupatsaninso mwayi yang'anira ndi mphamvu zingati zomwe mumafunikira nthawi iliyonse kuti magetsi asagwire ntchito molimbika ndikutha msanga, chifukwa nthawi zonse pamakhala katundu wina woyikidwa pa ma transformer onse.

Zigawo za Transformer

Transformer imakhala ndi mafunde oyambira, mafunde achiwiri komanso maginito. Mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo loyambira, mphamvu ya maginito yochokera ku gawolo imagwira gawo lachiwiri, ndikupatutsa ena mwa mafundewa kuti abwerere mmenemo.

Izi zimapanga voliyumu yomwe imapangidwa mu koyilo yachiwiri, yomwe imatembenuza polarity yake. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti maginito flux amadulidwa kuchokera ku koyilo imodzi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mzake. Chotsatira chake ndi kupangitsidwa kwapano mu gawo lachiwiri komanso ma voltage alternating.

Ma koyilo a pulayimale ndi achiwiri amatha kulumikizidwa mwina mndandanda kapena molumikizana wina ndi mnzake, zomwe zimakhudza kusamutsa mphamvu mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa za dera lomwelo.

Kapangidwe kameneka kamatithandiza kugwiritsa ntchito dera limodzi pazinthu zingapo. Ngati palibe chifukwa cha mphamvu zamagetsi panthawi inayake, akhoza kusamutsidwa kudera lina lomwe lingakhale lofunika kwambiri.

Kodi transformer imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mfundo ya thiransifoma ndi yakuti magetsi amadutsa chingwe chimodzi cha waya, chomwe chimapanga mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe imayambitsa zamakono mwa ena. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafunde oyamba amapereka mphamvu ku koyilo yachiwiri kuti ipangitse voteji.

Njirayi imayamba pamene alternating current (AC) ilipo mu koyilo yoyamba, yomwe imapanga maginito ndi kusintha kwa polarity mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pakati pa kumpoto ndi kumwera. Mphamvu ya maginito imasunthira kunja kupita ku koyilo yachiwiri ndipo pamapeto pake imalowa mu koyilo yoyamba ya waya.

Mphamvu ya maginito imayenda motsatira waya woyamba ndikusintha polarity kapena njira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda. Njirayi imabwerezedwa kangapo ngati pali ma coil pa thiransifoma. Mphamvu yamagetsi imakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe mu mabwalo oyambira ndi achiwiri.

Mphamvu ya maginito imapitilira kupyola waya wachiwiri mpaka kukafika kumapeto ndikubwereranso ku koyilo yoyamba ya waya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magetsi ambiri apite mbali imodzi osati mbali ziwiri zosiyana, zomwe zimapanga magetsi osinthika (AC).

Chifukwa mphamvuyi imasungidwa m'maginito a transformer, palibe chifukwa chopangira mphamvu yachiwiri.

Kuti kusamutsidwa kwa mphamvu kuchokera ku koyilo yoyamba kupita ku yachiwiri kuti igwire ntchito, iyenera kulumikizidwa palimodzi mumayendedwe otsekedwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali njira yopitilira, kotero kuti magetsi amatha kudutsa onse awiri.

Kuchita bwino kwa thiransifoma kumadalira kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe mbali iliyonse, komanso zitsulo zomwe zimapangidwa.

Chitsulo chachitsulo chimawonjezera mphamvu ya maginito, choncho zimakhala zosavuta kuti mphamvu ya maginito idutse pa waya uliwonse m'malo mokankhira ndi kukakamira.

Komanso, ma transfoma amatha kupangidwa kuti awonjezere mphamvu yamagetsi pomwe akuchepera. Mwachitsanzo, ammeter amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa ma ampere omwe akuyenda kudzera muwaya.

Voltmeter imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ma voltage omwe amapezeka mumayendedwe amagetsi. Pachifukwa ichi, ziyenera kupangidwa pamodzi kuti zigwire ntchito moyenera.

Monga chipangizo china chilichonse chamagetsi, ma transfoma nthawi zina amatha kulephera kapena kuchepa chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira. Izi zikachitika, moto ukhoza kupanga ndikuwotcha chipangizocho.

Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi sadutsa mu thiransifoma ngati mukukonza mtundu uliwonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi ayenera kuzimitsidwa, mwachitsanzo ndi woyendetsa dera, kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha aliyense.

Mitundu ya ma transfoma

• tsitsani ndikutsitsa transformer
• Transformer yamagetsi
• Transformer yogawa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito transfoma
• Chida chosinthira
• Transformer yamakono
• Transformer yotheka
• Single phase transformer
• Transformer ya magawo atatu

tsitsani ndikutsitsa transformer

Transformer yokwera kwambiri idapangidwa kuti ipange mphamvu yotulutsa yomwe imakhala yokwera kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mukafuna mphamvu yayikulu yogwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa, koma osati nthawi zonse.

Chitsanzo chimodzi cha izi chingakhale anthu oyenda pandege kapena kugwira ntchito ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri. Ma transformerwa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupatsa mphamvu nyumba zomwe zimakhala ndi makina opangira mphepo kapena ma solar.

Ma transfoma otsika amapangidwa kuti achepetse mphamvu yamagetsi pamagetsi kuti athe kupereka mphamvu pamagetsi otsika.

Transformer yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba kapena makompyuta pomwe mphamvu kapena makina osavuta monga nyali kapena nyali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.

Transformer yamagetsi

Transformer yamagetsi imatumiza mphamvu, nthawi zambiri imakhala yochulukirapo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kutumiza magetsi pamtunda wautali kudzera mu gridi yamagetsi. Transformer yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi otsika kwambiri ndikuisintha kukhala magetsi okwera kwambiri kuti izitha kuyenda mtunda wautali.

Transformer imasinthiranso kumagetsi otsika pafupi ndi munthu kapena bizinesi yomwe ikufunika mphamvu.

Transformer yogawa

Transformer yogawa idapangidwa kuti ipange njira yodalirika yogawa magetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'nyumba, maofesi, mafakitale ndi malo ena omwe zosowa zamagetsi zili pamagulu osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimafuna kuti magetsi aziyenda mofanana.

Amachepetsa kukwera kwa magetsi poyendetsa kayendedwe ka magetsi ku nyumba ndi nyumba.

Transformer yogawa siwosinthira kwenikweni chifukwa imapereka magetsi apamwamba kuposa momwe amalowetsera, komabe amapereka magetsi otetezeka komanso opambana.

Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha ntchito yake yoyamba yosinthira mphamvu kuchokera ku gridi yamagetsi kupita kumagetsi otsika kuti athe kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'nyumba ndi mabizinesi.

Chida chosinthira

Chida chosinthira chida chimatengedwa ngati mtundu wapadera wa chipangizo chosinthira. Zili ndi ntchito zofanana ndi zogawa zogawa, koma zimapangidwira katundu wochepa kwambiri.

Ndiocheperako komanso otsika mtengo kuposa mitundu ina ya thiransifoma, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zazing'ono monga zida zamagetsi zam'manja kapena mauvuni a microwave.

Transformer yamakono

Transformer yamakono ndi chipangizo chomwe chimakulolani kuyeza voteji yapamwamba. Imatchedwa thiransifoma yamakono chifukwa imalowetsa AC panopa mu chipangizocho ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa DC zomwe zimatuluka.

Ma transformer apano amayezera mafunde omwe ndi otsika kuwirikiza 10-100 kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwapanga kukhala zida zabwino zoyezera zida kapena zida zina zamagetsi.

Transformer yotheka

Voltage transformer ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ikhale yosavuta kuyeza. Chipangizocho chimalowetsa magetsi okwera kwambiri ndipo zotsatira zake zimayesa kuchuluka kwa magetsi otsika.

Monga ma transformer apano, ma voliyumu amagetsi amalola kuti miyeso ipangidwe pamagetsi 10 mpaka 100 kutsika kuposa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma transfoma ogawa.

Single phase transformer

Transformer ya gawo limodzi ndi mtundu wamagetsi ogawa omwe amagawira mphamvu 120 volts. Amapezeka m'malo okhala, nyumba zamalonda ndi mafakitale akuluakulu amagetsi.

Ma transfoma agawo limodzi amagwira ntchito pamagawo atatu pomwe magetsi olowera amagawidwa pa ma conductor awiri kapena kupitilira apo 120 madigiri motalikirana kuti afike pamalo a kasitomala. Mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imalowa mu kite nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 120 ndi 240 volts ku North America.

Transformer ya magawo atatu

Transformer ya magawo atatu ndi mtundu wa transtransformer kapena wogawa womwe umagawira mphamvu 240 volts. Ku North America, magetsi olowera amachokera ku 208 mpaka 230 volts.

Transformers amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumikira madera akuluakulu omwe ogula ambiri amafunikira magetsi. Dera lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thiransifoma ya magawo atatu lidzakhala ndi ma seti atatu a mawaya otuluka kuchokera pamenepo omwe ali motalikirana ndi madigiri 120, ndipo seti iliyonse imapereka mphamvu yosiyana.

Transformer ya magawo atatu imakhala ndi ma windings asanu ndi limodzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mophatikizira zosiyanasiyana kuti apeze voteji yomwe mukufuna kudera lililonse la kasitomala.

Mapiritsi asanu ndi limodzi achiwiri amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: okwera ndi otsika. Chitsanzo cha izi chikanakhala ngati pali ogula atatu m'chigawo chodyetsedwa ndi chosinthira magawo atatu.

Pomaliza

Tikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mukumvetsa transformer ndi chiyani ndi chifukwa chake sitingathe kukhala popanda iwo.