Kodi resistor ndi chiyani? Zizindikiro, Mitundu, Block, Applications

Resistor ndi gawo lamagetsi la ma terminals awiri kufufuza zamagetsi kukana monga gawo lozungulira kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwamagetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabwalo apakompyuta pakulekanitsa ma voltage, kuchepetsa pano, kupondereza phokoso komanso kusefa.

Koma resistor zina zambiri kuposa izi. Chifukwa chake ngati ndinu watsopano kumagetsi kapena mukungofuna kudziwa zambiri zazomwe zimalepheretsa, ndiye kuti positi iyi ndi yanu!

Kodi resistor imachita chiyani mudera lamagetsi?

A resistor ndi gawo lamagetsi kulamulira kuyenda kwamakono mu dera ndikutsutsa kutuluka kwa magetsi. Zotsutsa zimalepheretsa ma surges, ma surges ndi zosokoneza kuti zifike pamagetsi ovuta monga zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Chizindikiro cha resistor ndi unit

Unit of resistance ndi Ahm (chizindikiro Ω).

Zotsutsa zotsutsana

Resistors ndi zida zamagetsi kuletsa kuyenda magetsi kumtengo woperekedwa. Zopinga zosavuta zimakhala ndi ma terminals awiri, imodzi yomwe imatchedwa "common terminal" kapena "ground terminal" ndipo ina imatchedwa "ground terminal". Zotsutsa ndizopangidwa ndi mawaya, koma ma geometries ena agwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mukumvetsetsa bwino zomwe resistor ndi.

Awiri ofala kwambiri ziwerengero zamagetsi Ndi chipika chotchedwa "chip resistor" ndi batani lotchedwa "carbon compound resistor".

Resistors ali nazo mikwingwirima yamitundu kuzungulira matupi awo kusonyeza kukana kwawo.

Resistor color code

Resistors adzakhala mitundu coded kuwaimira kuchuluka kwamagetsi. Zimatengera mulingo wokhotakhota womwe unakhazikitsidwa m'ma 1950 ndi United Electronic Component Manufacturers Association. Khodi ili ndi mipiringidzo itatu yamitundu, yomwe imasonyeza kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja manambala ofunika, chiwerengero cha ziro ndi kulekerera.

Nayi tebulo la ma code resistor color code.

Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito resistor color code calculator.

Mitundu ya resistor

Mitundu ya resistor imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana Miyeso, mawonekedwe, oveteredwa mphamvu и malire amagetsi. Kudziwa mtundu wa resistor n'kofunika posankha resistor kwa dera chifukwa muyenera kudziwa mmene adzachitira pa zinthu zina.

carbon resistor

The carbon compound resistor ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya resistors yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano. Ili ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri kwa kutentha, kutsika kwaphokoso ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Carbon compound resistors sanapangidwe kuti azigwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

zitsulo filimu resistor

Chophimba chachitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi zokutira zotayidwa pa aluminiyamu zomwe zimakhala ngati zopinga, zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti ziteteze ku kutentha, ndi zokutira zopangira kuti amalize phukusi. Kutengera ndi mtundu wake, chowongolera filimu chachitsulo chingapangidwe kuti chikhale cholondola kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

Carbon film resistor

Chotsutsa ichi ndi chofanana ndi mapangidwe a filimu yachitsulo chotsutsa, kupatulapo kuti ili ndi zigawo zowonjezera za zipangizo zotetezera pakati pa chinthu chotsutsa ndi zokutira zopangira kuti zitetezedwe ku kutentha ndi zamakono. Kutengera mtundu, ndi mpweya filimu resistor akhoza lakonzedwa kuti mkulu mwatsatanetsatane kapena ntchito mkulu mphamvu.

Waya chilonda resistor

Awa ndi mawu ophatikizira onse otsutsa omwe amapangidwa ndi waya osati filimu yopyapyala monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Ma Wirewound resistors amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene chotsutsa chiyenera kupirira kapena kutaya mphamvu zambiri.

High voltage variable resistor

Chotsutsa ichi chimakhala ndi mpweya wa carbon m'malo mwa filimu yopyapyala ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kudzipatula kwamagetsi komanso kukhazikika kwapamwamba pa kutentha kwakukulu.

Potentiometer

Potentiometer ikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati zopinga ziwiri zosinthika zolumikizidwa mu anti-parallel. Kukaniza pakati pa zitsogozo ziwiri zakunja kudzasintha pamene chopukutira chimayenda motsatira kalozera mpaka malire ochulukirapo ndi ochepera afikira.

thermistor

Chotsutsa ichi chimakhala ndi kutentha kwabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukana kwake kuchuluke ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kutentha kwake koyipa kwa kukana, komwe kukana kwake kumachepa ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

varistor

Chotsutsa ichi chapangidwa kuti chiteteze mabwalo ku ma voltages okwera kwambiri poyambitsa kukana kwambiri kenako ndikuchepetsa mpaka pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. The varistor adzapitiriza kutaya mphamvu yamagetsi yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutentha mpaka itasweka.

SMD resistors

Iwo kakang'ono, safuna okwera pamwamba pa unsembe ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri high kachulukidwe mauna. Kuipa kwa ma SMD resistors ndikuti amakhala ndi malo otenthetsera pang'ono kuposa malo otchingira mabowo, kotero mphamvu zawo zimachepetsedwa.

SMD resistors nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera керамический zipangizo.

Zotsutsa za SMD nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa zotsutsa-bowo chifukwa sizifunikira mbale zoyikira kapena mabowo a PCB kuti muyike. Amatenganso malo ochepa a PCB, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kachulukidwe kake.

Kampaniyo kulakwitsa Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa SMD resistors ndikuti ali ndi malo ochepa kwambiri otaya kutentha kusiyana ndi mabowo, kotero mphamvu zawo zimachepetsedwa. Iwonso zovuta kupanga ndi solder kusiyana ndi ma resistors chifukwa cha mawaya awo owonda kwambiri.

Zotsutsa za SMD zidayambitsidwa koyamba kumapeto 1980. Kuyambira pamenepo, ukadaulo wocheperako, wolondola kwambiri wotsutsa wapangidwa, monga Metal Glazed Resistor Networks (MoGL) ndi Chip Resistor Arrays (CRA), zomwe zapangitsa kuti ma SMD achepetse kwambiri.

Masiku ano, ukadaulo wa SMD Resistor ndiukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri; ikufulumira ukadaulo wapamwamba. Kupyolera mu hole resistors akukhala mbiri mwachangu chifukwa tsopano amasungidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito niche monga ma audio amagalimoto, kuyatsa kwa siteji ndi zida za "classic".

Kugwiritsa ntchito resistors

Zoletsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo oyendera mawailesi, ma TV, matelefoni, zowerengera, zida, ndi mabatire. 

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya resistors, iliyonse ili ndi seti yakeyake ya ntchito. Zitsanzo zina zogwiritsira ntchito resistors:

• Zida zoteteza: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zida kuti zisawonongeke pochepetsa zomwe zikuyenda.
• Kuwongolera kwamagetsi: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera voteji mudera.
• Kuwongolera kutentha: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kutentha kwa chipangizocho pochotsa kutentha.
• Kuchepetsa chizindikiro: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yazizindikiro.

Zotsutsa zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zambiri zapakhomo. Zitsanzo zina za zida zapanyumba:

• Mababu owala: Chopinga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bulbu yowunikira kuwongolera pakali pano ndikupanga kuwala kosalekeza.
• Mavuvuni: Chotsutsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu uvuni kuti chichepetse kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kudzera muzotentha. Izi zimathandiza kuti chinthucho chisatenthedwe komanso kuwononga uvuni.
• Toasters: Chotsutsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu toaster kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikudutsa muzotentha. Izi zimathandiza kuti chinthucho chisatenthedwe komanso kuwononga toaster.
• Opanga khofi: Chotsutsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu wopanga khofi kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kudzera muzotentha. Izi zimathandiza kuti chinthucho chisatenthedwe komanso kuwononga wopanga khofi.

Resistors ndi gawo lofunikira pamagetsi a digito ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Amapezeka mumitundu yambiri yololera, ma wattages ndi kukana.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito resistors mu dera

Pali njira ziwiri zowagwiritsira ntchito pamagetsi.

• Resistors mu mndandanda ndi ma resistors omwe magetsi ozungulira ayenera kuyenda kudzera pa resistor iliyonse. Iwo olumikizidwa mu mndandanda, ndi resistor mmodzi pafupi ndi mzake. Pamene ma resistor awiri kapena kuposerapo alumikizidwa mndandanda, kukana kwathunthu kwa dera kumawonjezeka molingana ndi lamulo:

Robsch = R1 + R2 + ………Rн

• Resistors mu kufanana resistors olumikizidwa ku nthambi zosiyanasiyana za dera magetsi. Amadziwikanso ngati ma parallel Connectors resistors. Pamene ma resistor awiri kapena kuposerapo alumikizidwa mofanana, amagawana mphamvu zonse zomwe zikuyenda mozungulira popanda kusintha magetsi ake.

Kuti mupeze kukana kofanana kwa ma parallel resistors, gwiritsani ntchito njira iyi:

1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ……..1/rn

Mphamvu yamagetsi pa resistor iliyonse iyenera kukhala yofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ma resistor anayi a 100 ohm alumikizidwa molumikizana, ndiye kuti onse anayi adzakhala ndi kukana kofanana kwa 25 ohms.

Zomwe zikudutsa muderali zidzakhalabe zofanana ndi ngati chopinga chimodzi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mpweya wodutsa pa 100 ohm resistor iliyonse ndi theka, kotero m'malo mwa 400 volts, resistor iliyonse tsopano ili ndi 25 volts yokha.

Lamulo la Ohm

Lamulo la Ohm ndi zosavuta malamulo onse a mabwalo amagetsi. Ikunena kuti "panopa yomwe imadutsa kokondakita pakati pa mfundo ziwiri imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kusiyana kwa voteji pakati pa mfundo ziwirizi komanso mosagwirizana ndi kukana pakati pawo."

V = I x R kapena V/I = R

kuti,

V = voteji (volts)

I = panopa (amps)

R = kukana (ohm)

Pali mitundu itatu ya malamulo a Ohm okhala ndi ntchito zingapo. Njira yoyamba ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera kutsika kwamagetsi kudutsa kukana kodziwika.

Njira yachiwiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera kukana kwa kutsika kwamagetsi kodziwika.

Ndipo mu njira yachitatu, mukhoza kuwerengera panopa.

Kanema phunziro la chimene resistor ndi

Kodi resistor ndi chiyani - Electronics Tutorial For Beginners

Zambiri za resistors.

Pomaliza

Zikomo powerenga! Ndikukhulupirira kuti mwaphunzira kuti resistor ndi chiyani komanso momwe imawongolera kuyenda kwapano. Ngati zimakuvutani kuphunzira zamagetsi, musade nkhawa. Tili ndi zolemba zina zambiri zamabulogu ndi makanema kuti akuphunzitseni zoyambira zamagetsi.