Kodi relay ndi chiyani, ntchito zake, mitundu ndi chithunzi cholumikizira cha relay

Relay ndi gawo lamagetsi lomwe lingathe kuwongolera kuyenda magetsi mu dera. Kupatsirana kumatha kuyatsidwa nthawi imodzi ndikuchotsedwanso mphamvu kwina. Izi zimathandiza kuti relay atsegule ndi kutseka, komanso kusokoneza ndi kubwezeretsa mabwalo amagetsi.

Tsambali labulogu likuwonetsani zinthu zofunika kwambiri muyenera kudziwa za relay. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kudziwa za ma relay, pitilizani kuwerenga!

Kodi relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?

kutumiza kungakhale ntchito m'mitundu yambiri yazinthu. Mwachitsanzo, choyatsira galimoto chimakhala ndi ma relay angapo omwe amawongolera zinthu monga pampu yamafuta ndi zoyatsira moto.

Iwonso ali kwambiri wamba mu zipangizo zapakhomo monga toaster kapena firiji.

Ndipotu, zipangizo zamakono zambiri zapakhomo zili nazo ambiri kutumiza. Komabe, mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida ndi machitidwe, kutumizirana kumodzi sikukwanira kukwaniritsa cholinga chomaliza. Kenako maulumikizidwe amagetsi amabwera.

Kodi relay imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuti relay igwire ntchito, imafunikira zigawo zitatu zazikulu: waya wa wayakuti kusintha zomwe zimatha kutsegula dera, ndikuyika zambiri zolumikizana.

Pamene relay sikugwiritsidwa ntchito, magetsi amadutsa waya wa waya ndiyeno kubwerera ku batri. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa relay ndi kusintha, komwe kungathe sokoneza kuyenda kwa magetsi uku. Imachita izi potsegula zina zomwe zimaphwanya dera.

Komanso, zolumikizanazi zikatsegulidwa, zimalepheretsa kuti mawayilesi asayende. ikuyenda pa koyilo Sveta. Kuphatikiza pa ntchitoyi, palinso mitundu ina ya ma relay omwe ali ndi ntchito zambiri zosiyanasiyana monga kuwongolera kutentha kapena kuteteza kugwedezeka kwa zida zovutirapo.

Tikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mukumvetsa kuti relay ndi chiyani.

Nthawi zambiri maulumikizidwe otseguka komanso otsekedwa

Nthawi zambiri ma relay otseguka amakhala masiwichi tsegulani mwachisawawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi akuyenda kudzera pa switch pamene ili poyera.

Nthawi zambiri ma relay otsekedwa, kumbali ina, ndi masiwichi omwe kutsekedwa mwachisawawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe magetsi omwe amayenda kudzera pa switch pamene ili poyera.

Momwe mungalumikizire relay?

Mukalumikiza relay, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti relay iyenera kukhala yoyendetsedwa ndi switch chomwe chimatha kugwirira ntchito pakalipano yomwe relay idzajambula. Komanso, muyenera kukhala ndi njira yochepetsera relay.

Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndikulumikizana dziko lapansi waya kuchokera pa relay kupita pansi wononga pa chassis.

Pomaliza, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti voliyumu ya relay ndi большой chachikulu kuposa kapena chofanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya dera.

Dziwani zambiri za momwe ma relay angagwiritsire ntchito.

Mitundu yopatsirana

1. Ma electromagnetic relay
2. Kuletsa ma relay
3. Electronic relay
4. Kupatsirana kwakanthawi
5. Relays
6. Ma relay apamwamba kwambiri
7. Kutumizirana Kwama Signal
8. Relay yochedwa nthawi
9. Multidimensional relay
10. Ma relay otentha
11. Ma relay osiyanasiyana
12. Ma relay akutali
13. Yolandirana magalimoto
14. Frequency relay
15. Polarized Relays
16. Masamba ozungulira
17. Kupatsirana motsatizana
18. Kusuntha koyilo yopatsirana
19. Kutumiza kwa Buchholz
20. Chitetezo cholumikizira
21. Control relay
22. Earth fault relay

Ma electromagnetic relay

Ma electromagnetic relay amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'zida zam'nyumba monga mafiriji, uvuni wa microwave, ndi toasters. Muzochitika izi, nthawi zambiri kutumizirana kumodzi kumayang'anira ntchito zambiri za zida. Ine

Mumitundu ina yazinthu, monga magalimoto kapena makina amakampani, ma relay angapo amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti akwaniritse cholinga. Electromagnetic relay ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wamawotchi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Kuletsa ma relay

Mu relay latching, chosinthira chowongolera dera chimakhala mkati mwa relay. Pamene relay sikugwiritsidwa ntchito, imatsekedwa ndipo magetsi amayenda kudzera mu koyilo ya waya ndikubwerera ku batri, yomwe imamaliza kuzungulira.

Komabe, ngati relay ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuswa dera, imatsegula zina zomwe zimaphwanya deralo. Monga tanena kale, kulumikizana uku kumayang'aniridwa ndi chosinthira chomwe chili mkati mwa relay.

Kuti cholumikizira chotchinga chizigwira ntchito bwino, payenera kukhala njira yoti makina ake azigwira ntchito mbali zonse ziwiri. Izi zimakulolani kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka ngati pakufunika.

Electronic relay

Kutumiza kwamagetsi kumatha kuwonedwa ngati chosinthira kumayendedwe achikhalidwe amagetsi amagetsi. Ubwino wa relay yamagetsi ndikuti ukhoza kuwongoleredwa ndi chizindikiro chakutali, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chosinthira chimodzi chokha chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa chida. Izi zimalola zowongolera zilizonse zakunja kuwongolera chipangizocho mosasamala kanthu komwe chili.

Ngakhale ndi okwera mtengo kuposa ma relay achikhalidwe, ndi osavuta kuyimba mawaya ndikupangitsa kuyesa kukhala kosavuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti pamafunika kusinthana kumodzi kokha kuti kugwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa ziwiri kapena zingapo, zomwe zingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kulumikizana ndi zida zina.

Kupatsirana kwakanthawi

Ma relay akanthawi ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi ma latching relay chifukwa onse amafunikira waya wa waya, chosinthira chigawo, ndi ma contact kuti atsegule dera. Komabe, zolumikizira sizikhala zotseguka, koma zimatseka mphamvu ikangotha.

Ma relay amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamapulogalamu pomwe pakufunika kumaliza dera ndikuchotsa nthawi yomweyo ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma relaywa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzitsulo zamagalimoto ndi ma remotes a galimoto kuti athe kugwira ntchito ngakhale opanda mabatire chifukwa palibe chifukwa chosungira dera lotseguka.

Relays

Relay ya bango ndi yofanana ndi ma electromagnetic relay chifukwa imakhala ndi koyilo, zolumikizirana, ndi maginito omwe amakhala ngati chosinthira kuti atsegule kapena kutseka dera.

Komabe, m'malo kuti maginito akhale pakatikati pa chipangizocho, monga momwe zimakhalira pamayendedwe achikhalidwe, amakhala kumapeto kwake. Kuti mumalize kuzungulira, mumangofunika kulumikiza malekezero awiri a bango, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito agwire ndikumaliza kuzungulira. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito mofanana ndi kusinthana kuti mwamsanga pamene kukhudzana kutayika, kumayenda kwamakono kotero kumamaliza kuzungulira.

Ma relay apamwamba kwambiri

High voltage relay ndi mtundu wa relay wokhoza kupirira ma voltages apamwamba.

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu wa relay umakhala ndi zotchingira zowonjezera pachida chonsecho kuti ziteteze ku kugwedezeka kosayembekezereka. Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti ma relay awa ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe apamwamba kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana voteji yapamwamba pa chinthucho musanagule cholumikizira.

Kutumizirana Kwama Signal

Ma relay ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani azachipatala kuti azitha kuyendetsa magetsi. Ma relay switch awa amatha kunyamula ma voltages otsika kwambiri kuposa ma voltages apamwamba, kuwapangitsa kukhala otetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pazida zovutirapo.

Choyipa chokha ndichakuti ma switch ang'onoang'ono otumizira ma siginecha ndi akulu kwambiri komanso ochulukirapo, kotero sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pazida zazing'ono ngati mafoni am'manja.

Relay yochedwa nthawi

Kutumiza kuchedwa kwa nthawi kumakhala kofanana ndi kusintha kochedwa / kuzimitsa chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito kachulukidwe kakang'ono kuti agwire dera lotseguka kwa nthawi yochepa.

Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe chidacho chiyenera kuzimitsidwa usiku kapena nthawi zina pamene sichikufunika.

Multidimensional relay

Ma multidimensional relay ndi mtundu wa relay womwe uli ndi ma 3 kapena kupitilira apo ndipo utha kuchita ntchito zingapo.

Mtundu uwu wa relay uli ndi ubwino woti kusinthana kumodzi kokha kumafunika kugwira ntchito zambiri, kupulumutsa malo ndi mawaya. Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti magawo nthawi zambiri amakhala otchipa kusiyana ndi ma relay achikhalidwe.

Ma relay otentha

Ma relay otenthetsera amadziwika kuti amadziwongolera okha ndipo motero safuna mphamvu yakunja. Mapangidwewa amapereka njira yotsika mtengo komanso yodalirika yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale kapena malonda.

Chotsalira chokha ndichakuti matenthedwe otumizirana matenthedwe ndi ochulukirapo motero sali oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo ang'onoang'ono.

Ma relay osiyanasiyana

Ma relay osiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wosangalatsa wa ma relay omwe ali ndi zolumikizira ziwiri mbali imodzi ya mabwalo okwera kwambiri komanso zolumikizira ziwiri mbali inayo kwa mabwalo otsika.

Izi ndizopindulitsa chifukwa zimatha kupatsa opanga ndalama zochepetsera mtengo chifukwa amangofunika kupanga relay imodzi m'malo mwa ziwiri.

Kugulitsana ndikuti mapangidwewa sagwira ntchito bwino ndi mabwalo ambiri omwe ali ndi zida zapamwamba komanso zotsika.

Ma relay akutali

Maulendo akutali ndi mtundu wapadera wa relay womwe umatha kutumiza ma siginecha kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina. Mtunda pakati pa mfundo ziwiri ndi malire okha a mitundu iyi ya zizindikiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wautali.

Ubwino wina wamtundu uwu wa relay ndikuti sufuna magetsi ndipo motero ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kumadera akutali. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala njira yothandiza pazinthu zambiri zamalonda ndi mafakitale.

Yolandirana magalimoto

Ma relay amagalimoto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa mbali zina za injini, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kompyuta yamkati. Mtundu uwu wa relay ndiwothandiza kwambiri poteteza mabwalo kumayendedwe amagetsi chifukwa safuna mphamvu zowonjezera kuti agwire ntchito.

Choyipa ndichakuti ma relay amagalimoto adapangidwa moganizira zofunikira zinazake ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi otsika kapena okwera kwambiri.

Frequency relay

Maulendo obwereza amakhala apadera chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa quartz crystal.

Pamene magetsi akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa dera, kristalo idzagwedezeka pamtundu womwewo monga momwe amalowera. Izi zimalola kusintha kolondola komanso kwachangu pakati pa ma voltages awiri osiyanasiyana, zomwe zitha kukhala zopindulitsa pazinthu zina.

Mitundu iyi ya ma relay ndiatsopano pamsika ndipo siinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'makampani akuluakulu, kotero ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze musanapange chisankho chogula.

Polarized Relays

Ma polarized relay ndi mtundu wapadera wa relay womwe ungathe kuwongolera onse AC ndi DC. M'mapangidwe, ogwirizanitsa osinthika amagawidwa m'magawo awiri, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito paokha pawokha kuti agwire ntchito yozungulira ndi magetsi a DC.

Mtundu uwu wa relay umagwira ntchito bwino chifukwa umangogwira ndi mtundu umodzi wamagetsi, koma sungakhale wothandiza ngati mitundu ina yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo ena.

Masamba ozungulira

Rotary relay ndi mtundu wa relay womwe umapangidwa kuti ugwiritse ntchito AC komanso utha kugwira ntchito ndi DC. Kuti tichite zimenezi, m`pofunika kulumikiza kulankhula munthu pa contactor.

Izi ndizopindulitsa chifukwa zimangogwirana ndi mtundu umodzi wamagetsi, zomwe zimathandiza kupeputsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito pazinthu zina.

Kupatsirana motsatizana

Relay yotsatizana ndi mtundu wa relay womwe ungathe kutenga zolowetsa zingapo ndikuzitsata motsatira zomwe zidayikidwa mudera.

Kapangidwe kameneka ndi kopindulitsa mu ntchito zamafakitale chifukwa sikufuna mphamvu yakunja. Itha kukonzedwanso m'magulu osiyanasiyana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri pamakhala pulogalamu iliyonse.

Choyipa chake ndichakuti mitundu iyi ya ma relay sali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma voliyumu apamwamba kapena otsika chifukwa amakhala ndi gulu limodzi lolumikizana, ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo.

Kusuntha koyilo yopatsirana

Ma coil relay ndi mtundu wa relay womwe umatha kusintha pakati pa magawo awiri amagetsi osiyanasiyana, ndipo amazichita mwachangu kwambiri.

Relay iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa dera limafunikira gulu limodzi lokha lolumikizana kuti lisinthe kuti ligwire ntchito.

Kutumiza kwa Buchholz

The Buchholz relay ndi chipangizo chosinthira magetsi chomwe chimathandizira kusintha kwamagetsi. Zimagwira ntchito mwa kusokoneza panopa mu koyilo imodzi pamene voteji mu koyilo ina ikufika pamlingo wina.

Ma relay onse amatsekedwa m'nyumba yosindikizidwa kuti atetezedwe ku dzimbiri ndi fumbi.

Chitetezo cholumikizira

Relay yachitetezo ndi mtundu wa relay womwe umapangidwira kusokoneza pakali pano pomwe mulingo wina wafika. Ubwino umodzi wogwiritsa ntchito ma relay otetezedwa ndikuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. 

Control relay

Woyang'anira relay ndi njira yolumikizirana yomwe idapangidwa kuti iziyang'anira ma relay ena mudera. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dera lili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizirana pazinthu zamakampani kapena zamalonda.

Ubwino wokhala ndi mtundu uwu wa relay ndikuti umalepheretsa zolakwa zolumikizirana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma relay mudera.

Relay yamtunduwu ingathandizenso kuwongolera kulumikizana pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana, kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi malonda.

Choyipa chimodzi ndi chakuti amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuposa mabwalo am'mafakitale kapena amalonda chifukwa mitundu iyi ya ma relay imakhala yovuta kwambiri.

Earth fault relay

Ground fault relays amagwira ntchito kuti azindikire kusiyana kwa magetsi pakati pa magawo awiri osiyana a dera.

Njira imodzi imene amagwiritsa ntchito pochita zimenezi ndiyo kuona ngati mphamvu ya magetsi pa nthawi ina ya derayo ikuposa zimene zimayembekezeredwa ku gawolo. Ngati ndi choncho, vuto la pansi likhoza kuchitika lomwe lidzadula mphamvu kuti muteteze kugwedezeka kwa magetsi.

Choyipa cha mtundu uwu wa relay ndikuti amatha kuzindikira zolakwika zapadziko lapansi mu gawo limodzi kapena magawo awiri ndipo sangathe kuzizindikira mu gawo la magawo atatu.

Zimadaliranso luso la kuyeza magetsi m'malo mwamakono, zomwe zingayambitse zina mwa zofooka zake zosatha kuzindikira zolakwika za magawo atatu.

Momwe mungayang'anire relay?

Pali njira zingapo zowongolera ma relay. Imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito switch switch, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yosinthira kapena kusintha kwa rocker. Njira inanso yowongolerera kutumizirana mauthenga ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito switch yomwe nthawi zambiri imatseguka kapena yotsekedwa kuti muwongolere chingwe. Pomaliza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito switch control, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chosinthira chamagetsi kuti chiwongolere cholumikizira.

Mbiri ya relay

Joseph Henry ndiye adayambitsa njira yamagetsi. Chiwombankhanga choyamba chomwe adachipanga mu 1835 chinali ndi nsonga yachitsulo yozungulira komanso mbale yachitsulo. Waya wa koyiloyo amalumikizana ndi nsonga yachitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi asamutsidwe ku mbale yachitsulo. Chitsulocho chimatha kumaliza kuzungulira, kupereka mphamvu ku mawaya ena omwe adalumikizidwa nawo. Kupatsirana uku kunali kophweka chifukwa kumangopereka chikhumbo chimodzi kuyambitsa zida zina.

Joseph Henry adapanga njira yake yoyamba yamagetsi mu 1835 ndipo adakonza mapangidwewo powagwiritsa ntchito pa telegraph. Pamodzi ndi kupanga relay iyi, Henry adagwiritsanso ntchito zomwe adapanga pazoyeserera, monga kuyatsa imodzi mwa nyumba zake ndi makina ake a telegraph omwe adangopangidwa kumene. Henry adapangitsanso kuti lingaliro lopatsirana lidziwike kwa anthu ambiri kuti athe kukulitsa ndi kupanga zida zawozawo.

Zomwe Henry anatulukira zinali zofunika kwambiri chifukwa popanda magetsi, moyo wamakono ukanakhala wosiyana kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakompyuta, pamapulogalamu ndi ma hardware, komanso pazida zina zamagetsi monga ma TV ndi zotsegulira zitseko zamagalasi. Njira ya Henry inagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mitundu yambiri ya ma relay, monga maginito (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafoni a telefoni), makina (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma alarm), ndi zizindikiro za msinkhu wa madzi.

Joseph Henry adagwira ntchito yofunikira kwambiri popanga ma relay amagetsi, adapanga njira yoyamba yolumikizirana komanso kuthandiza anthu ambiri kupanga mitundu yatsopano ya zida izi. Popanda Joseph Henry, moyo wamakono ukanakhala wosiyana monga momwe tikudziwira tsopano, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwa chirichonse kuchokera ku makompyuta kupita ku ma alarm. Pomaliza, munthu uyu anali munthu wofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya teknoloji, amene osati anasintha relay, komanso anathandiza anthu ena kukonza chipangizo ichi.

Joseph Henry amadziwika kuti adayambitsa njira yamagetsi mu 1835. Komabe, malinga ndi Bryant's Electricity and Magnetism, anali wothandizira wa Joseph Henry yemwe adabwera ndi lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito waya wonjenjemera ngati chosinthira magetsi. Wothandizirayo anali Leonard Gale, yemwe anali kugwira ntchito ndi Henry pa lingaliro la kugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga pa telegraph. Komabe, patangopita chaka chimodzi, Joseph Henry anapanga chipangizo cha electromagnetic chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa telegraph ndipo chinali chogwira mtima kwambiri kuposa chimene Gale anatulukira.

Kupanga kwa Henry kwa makina opangira magetsi kunali kofunika kwambiri chifukwa kunalola kuti magetsi azitha kufalikira pamtunda wautali. Chidacho chisanapangidwe, makina a telegraph anali ochepa chifukwa cha mphamvu zomwe angagwiritse ntchito, zomwe zinayambitsa mavuto potumiza uthenga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira. Pokhala ndi chipangizo chomwe chinalola mphamvu kuti iperekedwe kumadera akuluakulu, makina a telegraph adatha kusintha kwambiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale mauthenga apamwamba kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, Henry relay inathandizanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni ndi ma alarm a kunyumba, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake m'madera osiyanasiyana.

Kanema wophunzitsira za momwe relay ndi

Kodi relay ndi chiyani - Maphunziro a Zamagetsi Kwa Oyamba