ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji? + Kanema

Pamagalimoto okhala ndi kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwa gudumu, gawo ngati gudumu losiyanitsa limayikidwa pa axle yoyendetsa, koma makina ake otsekera saperekedwa pazifukwa zodziwikiratu. Ntchito yayikulu ya node iyi ndikugawa torque kumawilo a axle yoyendetsa. Mwachitsanzo, pokwera pamakona kapena kuyendetsa galimoto m’misewu yafumbi, mawilo samathanso kuthamanga pa liwiro lofanana.

Ngati muli ndi galimoto yokhala ndi magudumu onse, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera pa kusiyana kwa magudumu, kusiyana kwapakati ndi makina otsekemera kumayikidwanso pa cardan. Mwachilengedwe, owerenga ali ndi funso: chifukwa chiyani loko ikufunika, imagwira ntchito yotani, ndi mitundu yanji ya maloko osiyanitsa pakati?

Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira loko yosiyanitsa pakati komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito

Takhudza kale pang'ono pamutuwu patsamba la vodi.su m'nkhani yokhudzana ndi kulumikizana kwa viscous (kulumikizana kwa viscous). M'mawu osavuta, ndiye kusiyanitsa kwapakati ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere luso lagalimoto ndikuwongolera magudumu onse.

Mfundo ya ntchito yake ndi yosavuta:

• pamene galimoto ikuyendetsa mumsewu wabwinobwino, zoyesayesa zonse zowoneka bwino zimangogwera pamtunda waukulu wokokera;
• chitsulo chachiwiri, mwa kulepheretsa njira yotsekera, sichimagwirizanitsa ndi kutumiza kwa makina, ndiko kuti, panthawi yomwe imakhala ngati chitsulo choyendetsedwa;
• galimoto ikangochoka pamsewu, kumene kuli koyenera kuti ma axles awiri agwire ntchito kuti awonjezere luso la kudutsa dziko, dalaivala amatembenukira mokakamiza pa loko yosiyana, kapena imangolumikizidwa.

Loko ikayatsidwa, ma axle onse amalumikizana mwamphamvu ndikuzungulira potumiza torque kwa iwo kudzera mumayendedwe ochokera ku injini yagalimoto. Kotero, ngati kugwirizana kwa viscous kumayikidwa, ndiye pamsewu, kumene mphamvu ya ma axles onse safunikira, mphamvu yokoka imaperekedwa kokha kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwa mawilo. Chabwino, mukamayendetsa mumsewu wafumbi ndikutsetsereka kumayamba, mawilo a ma axle osiyanasiyana amayamba kusinthasintha mosiyanasiyana, madzi otalikirana amasakanikirana kwambiri, amauma. Izi zimapanga kulumikizana kolimba pakati pa ma axles ndipo nthawi yozungulira imagawidwa mofanana pakati pa mawilo onse a makina.

Ubwino wa makina otsekera apakati:

• kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa luso lamtunda wa galimoto muzochitika zovuta;
• kuzimitsa magudumu onse basi kapena mokakamiza pamene sikufunika;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo, chifukwa ndi magudumu onse olumikizidwa, injini imadya mafuta ambiri kuti ipange mphamvu yowonjezera.

Chotsekera chapakati, kutengera mtundu wagalimoto, chimayendetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pa zitsanzo zakale, monga UAZ, NIVA kapena magalimoto, muyenera kusankha zida zoyenera pa nkhani kulanda. Ngati pali viscous coupling, kutsekereza kumachitika zokha. Chabwino, pamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri omwe ali ndi Haldex clutch mpaka pano, loko imayendetsedwa ndi unit control control unit. Chizindikiro choti muyatse ndikukanikiza chopondapo cha gasi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kufulumizitsa bwino ndikutsetsereka, ndiye kuti lokoyo imayatsidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kutsekedwa kudzachitika zokha pamene galimoto imayenda pa liwiro lokhazikika.

Mitundu ya njira zotsekera za kusiyanitsa pakati

Ngati tilankhula za mfundo zochita, pali magulu angapo, amene nawonso anawagawa timagulumagulu:

1. zovuta 100% kutsekereza;
2. masiyanidwe ochepa otsetsereka - kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana kumadalira kukula kwa magudumu a ma axles osiyanasiyana;
3. ndi ma symmetrical kapena asymmetric traction mphamvu yogawa.

Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kwa viscous kumatha kukhala kwa gulu lachiwiri ndi lachitatu panthawi imodzimodzi, chifukwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsa ma disc zimatha kuwonedwa, mwachitsanzo, pakukokera. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yokoka imagawidwa pakati pa ma asymmetrically. M'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, pamene imodzi mwa mawilo imatsetsereka kwambiri, kutsekeka kwa 100% kumachitika chifukwa cha kulimba kwathunthu kwamadzimadzi. Ngati mumayendetsa UAZ Patriot ndi vuto losamutsa, ndiye kuti pali loko yolimba.

Vodi.su portal imati pamene magudumu onse atsegulidwa, makamaka pa asphalt, mphira amatha msanga.

Palinso mapangidwe osiyanasiyana otsekera kusiyana kwapakati:

• kukangana clutch;
• kugwirizana kwa viscous;
• cam clutch;
• Torsen loko.

Chifukwa chake, zingwe zomangirira zimagwira ntchito pafupifupi mofanana ndi kulumikizana kwa viscous kapena clutch youma. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, ma discs okangana samalumikizana, koma pakangoyamba kutsetsereka, amalumikizana. The Haldex Traction clutch ndi friction clutch, ili ndi ma disks angapo omwe amayendetsedwa ndi unit control unit. Choyipa cha kapangidwe kameneka ndi kuvala kwa ma disks komanso kufunika kowasintha.

Loko ya Torsen ndi imodzi mwazotsogola kwambiri, imayikidwa pamagalimoto monga Audi Quattro ndi Allroad Quattro station wagon. Chiwembucho ndizovuta kwambiri: magiya akumanja ndi kumanzere a semi-axial okhala ndi ma satelayiti, ma shaft otuluka. Kutseka kumaperekedwa ndi magiya osiyanasiyana komanso zida za nyongolotsi. M'njira zokhazikika zoyendetsera, zinthu zonse zimazungulira ndi magiya ena. Koma zikaterereka, satelayiti imayamba kutembenukira kwina ndipo zida zam'mbali zimatsekedwa kwathunthu ndipo torque imayamba kuyenda kupita ku ekisi yoyendetsedwa. Komanso, kugawa kumachitika mu chiŵerengero cha 72:25.

Pamagalimoto apanyumba - UAZ, GAZ - kusiyana kwamakamera ocheperako kumayikidwa. Kutsekereza kumachitika chifukwa cha ma sprockets ndi crackers, omwe, akamaterera, amayamba kuyendayenda mothamanga mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake mphamvu yakukangana imachitika ndipo kusiyana kumatsekedwa.

Palinso zochitika zina. Choncho, SUVs masiku okonzeka ndi dongosolo TRC traction kulamulira, imene ulamuliro zonse ikuchitika ECU. Ndipo ndizotheka kupewa kutsetsereka chifukwa cha automatiki yama braking a gudumu loterera. Palinso ma hydraulic system, monga DPS pamagalimoto a Honda, pomwe mapampu amayikidwa kumbuyo kwa gearbox, akuzungulira kuchokera pa driveshaft. Ndipo kutsekereza kumachitika chifukwa cholumikizidwa ndi phukusi la multiplate clutch.

Iliyonse mwa machitidwewa ili ndi ubwino wake ndi zovuta zake. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuyendetsa ndi ma wheel drive onse kumabweretsa kuwonongeka koyambirira kwa matayala, kufalitsa ndi injini. Choncho, magudumu onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pamene akufunikiradi.

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