Mafuta mu injini mafuta

Mafuta mu mafuta kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a lubricant, komanso kutayika kwa magwiridwe ake. Chifukwa cha vuto loterolo, injini yoyaka mkati imayamba "kutentha" bwino, mphamvu zake za ntchito zimachepa ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta a galimoto kumawonjezeka. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mafuta amawonekera mu crankcase - kulephera pang'ono kwa mpope wamafuta (pa carburetor ICEs), kutayika kwamphamvu kwa gasket, kutsika kwapakati, ndi zina. Mutha kudziwa chifukwa chenicheni chomwe mafuta amalowa m'mafuta ngakhale m'magalasi. Pali njira zingapo zotsimikiziridwa za izi.

Momwe mungamvetsetse ngati pali mafuta mumafuta (zizindikiro)

Pali zizindikiro khumi zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti pali mafuta mu injini yamafuta.

1. Mafutawa amanunkhira ngati petulo. Izi zimamveka bwino mukamayang'ana kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi opaka mafuta mu crankcase. Mutha fungo la dipstick ndi bowo la filler. Fungo limakhala labwino makamaka injini yoyaka mkati ikatenthedwa. Nthawi zambiri fungo si mafuta, koma acetone.
2. Mlingo wamafuta umakwera pang'onopang'ono ngakhale kuti sanawonjezedwe ku crankcase. Kawirikawiri izi sizichitika mwadzidzidzi, koma pang'onopang'ono, monga galimotoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
3. Kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta (petulo) molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta.
4. Mafuta amakhala ochepa. Ndiko kuti, imataya mamasukidwe ake. Izi zitha kuzindikirika pongokhudza polawa kapangidwe kake ndi zala pa dipstick. Kapena ingowonani kuti mafuta akhala osavuta kukhetsa kuchokera ku dipstick, ngakhale izi sizinachitikepo kale.
5. Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zitha kutsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono mulingo wake mu crankcase. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa kwake (makamaka mafuta a viscous).
6. Kuvuta kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati "yotentha". Izi ndichifukwa cha kutayika kwa mamasukidwe amafuta.
7. Kutsika kwamphamvu kwa ICE. Izi zimasonyezedwa ndi kuchepa kwa makhalidwe amphamvu, komanso kutayika kwa kayendedwe ka galimoto (galimoto imathamanga bwino, sikukwera kukwera). Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mikangano pakati pa magawo a KShM.
8. Kuwonjezeka modzidzimutsa kwa liwiro la injini popanda ntchito. Zofananira zamainjini a jakisoni.
9. Kuchitika kwa zolakwika mu kukumbukira kwa ECU. ndiko kuti, amalumikizidwa ndi mapangidwe osakanikirana amafuta a mpweya, kuwotcha, komanso kuwonongeka kwa lambda probe (sensa ya okosijeni).
10. Mipweya yotulutsa mpweya imakhala ndi fungo lakuthwa, ngati mafuta. Nthawi zina pamodzi ndi izi amapeza mthunzi wakuda.

Chonde dziwani kuti zizindikiro zitatu zomaliza zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwina kwa injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire matendawo, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito makina ojambulira. Vuto la mafuta kulowa mu mafuta limapezekanso m'magulu amagetsi a dizilo, komabe, ndipo limatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zomwezo, koma zifukwa za mitundu iwiriyi ya injini zoyaka mkati zidzakhala zosiyana.

Zifukwa zomwe mafuta amapangira mafuta

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mafuta amalowa mu mafuta, kuphatikizapo zimadalira mtundu wa injini yamafuta (carburetor, jekeseni, jekeseni mwachindunji). Tiyeni tiwaganizire mwadongosolo, ndipo tiyeni tiyambe ndi injini ya jekeseni ya petulo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta abwino. Zitha kuwononga zisindikizo zomwe, pakapita nthawi, mafuta amatha kulowa mu injini yoyaka mkati. Kuphatikiza apo, chisakanizo choyaka-mpweya chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo chimatha kuwononga ma cylinders, pistoni, mavavu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zabwino. Mafuta owonjezera osakhala bwino amatha kuwononga zisindikizo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyandikira kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikumvetsetsa nkhaniyi ndikusankha njira imodzi kapena ina.
• Zovala za pistoni za silinda komanso kuponderezedwa kosakwanira. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pazifukwa zachilengedwe chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali yagalimoto, kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwamakina. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta amalowa mu crankcase, kumene amasakanikirana ndi mafuta a injini.
• Dongosolo lolakwika la EGR. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika makina otulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kungayambitsenso mafuta kulowa mumafuta.
• Nozzles akusowa. Kwa ma ICE okhala ndi jekeseni wamafuta mwachindunji (mwachitsanzo, TSI), ngati majekeseni akutha, ndiye panthawi yomwe ICE imayambika, mafuta pang'ono kuchokera kwa iwo amalowa mumafuta a ICE. Chifukwa chake, mutatha kuyimitsa ndi kuyatsa (pamene pampu imapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga kwa bar 130), kupanikizika kwa njanji yamafuta kumathandizira kuti mafuta alowe m'chipinda choyaka moto, ndikudutsa mumphete mumafuta. Vuto lofananalo (ngakhale pang'ono) litha kukhala mu jakisoni wamba wa ICE.
• Chowongolera mafuta cha vacuum cholakwika. Ngati sichigwira ntchito bwino, gawo lina lamafuta limabwerera ku injini yoyaka mkati ndikusakanikirana ndi mafuta kudzera mumipata.
• Kusakaniza kwamafuta ndi mpweya. Mapangidwe a osakaniza olemera akhoza chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Pa jakisoni ICEs, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusagwira ntchito kwa masensa kapena nozzles, ndipo pamakina a carburetor, carburetor ikhoza kukonzedwa molakwika.
• Koyilo yoyatsira molakwika/mapulagi/mawaya okwera kwambiri. Chotsatira cha izi ndi chakuti kusakaniza kwa mpweya-mafuta mu silinda inayake sikuyaka. Mpweya umatuluka mwachibadwa, ndipo nthunzi yamafuta imakhalabe pamakoma a silinda, kuchokera pomwe imalowa mu crankcase.

Ganizirani mosiyana zifukwa za carburetor ICEs:

• Kuwonongeka kwa diphragm pampu yamafuta. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha chilengedwe (kukalamba ndi kuvala) kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makina. Mbali yapansi ya diaphragm idapangidwa kuti iteteze kumtunda kwake ku mpweya woipa wa crankcase. Chifukwa chake, ngati wosanjikiza umodzi kapena wina wawonongeka, zinthu zitha kuchitika pamene mafuta amalowa mu crankcase, ndikusakanikirana ndi mafuta pamenepo.
• Mavuto a valve ya singano. Pakapita nthawi, imathanso kuwonongeka ndikugwira ntchito molakwika, kulumpha mafuta.
• Kuyika kolakwika kwa carburetor. Zotsatira zake, mafuta amatha kusefukira mu carburetor, kuphatikiza kupanga kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya. Ndipo zikawonongeka kwa diaphragm, zinthu zimangowonjezereka.

Momwe mungadziwire petulo mu mafuta

Aliyense wokonda galimoto amatha kudziwa ngati pali mafuta m'mafuta pamayendedwe okhazikika m'mawa asanayambe injini yoyaka moto. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zomwe zili pansipa.

Yang'anani fungo

Njira yosavuta yoyesera yomwe ingakuthandizeni kudziwa mafuta amafuta ndi kununkhiza mafuta poyang'ana mlingo ndi dipstick kapena kumasula kapu yodzaza mafuta. Ngati mafuta a injini anunkhiza ngati petulo, izi ziyenera kukuchenjezani ndikukukakamizani kuti mufufuzenso zina zingapo. Zindikirani izo mafuta amatha kununkhira osati mafuta, koma acetone. Zimatengera mtundu wa mafuta ndi mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe mafuta amakhalira ndi zifukwa zina.

Mayeso a drip

Nthawi zambiri, ndi kusintha kwa fungo la mafuta, kumakhala madzi ambiri, ndiko kuti, kumayamba kukhetsa mosavuta kuchokera ku dipstick. Izi zimafunikanso kuyang'anitsitsa, makamaka ngati mafuta adadzazidwa kalekale, mwachitsanzo, mtunda wa makilomita pa iwo uli kale kuposa pakati pa moyo wautumiki. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pakupaka mafuta kununkhira, chitani mayeso otsitsa kuti muwone momwe mafutawo alili.

Chifukwa chake, kuti muchite izi, mumangofunika kutsitsa magalamu ochepa amafuta omwe amayesedwa papepala lopanda kanthu. Simungapeze yankho nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa muyenera kuyisiya pamalo otentha kwa maola angapo (makamaka 12). Koma, mutasanthula madera ofalikira (padzakhala gawo lokhala ndi utoto wachikasu kapena wofiira m'mphepete mwa bwalo), ndiye kuti mwina mafuta amalowa m'mafuta kapena ayi.

Ndipo kuti muchepetse kukayikira kolakwika kukhala zero, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa zizindikiro zomwe taziwona pamwambapa ndikuwunikanso kuyaka.

Kuwotcha mafuta a injini

Madalaivala ambiri odziwa zambiri, kuti adziwe ngati pali mafuta mu mafuta, amadzipereka kuti aziwotcha mafutawo. Madalaivala osadziwa omwe sanakumanepo ndi vuto lotere nthawi zambiri amayesa molakwika kungoyatsa mafuta mwachindunji pa dipstick. Njirayi sichitha, kupatula kuti mafuta ali kale ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la mafuta, koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndipo izi zidzawoneka kuchokera ku zizindikiro zina, zoonekeratu.

Pamenepo muyenera kuyatsa mafuta otenthedwa mu chubu choyesera. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kutenga chubu choyesera magalasi ndi khosi lopapatiza ndikutsanulira mafuta pang'ono mmenemo. Ngati chubu choyesera chili ndi pansi, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti mutenthetse pa chitofu chamagetsi. Ngati chubu choyesera chili ndi pansi mozungulira, ndiye kuti mutha kuchitenga m'ma labotale ndikuchiwotcha pamoto wotseguka (chitofu, kandulo, mowa wouma, ndi zina). Chonde dziwani kuti pakuwotcha, khosi (kumtunda) kwa chubu choyesera liyenera kusindikizidwa ndi chivindikiro chamtundu wina kuti mafuta asasunthike pakuwotcha.

Kutentha kwa mpweya wamafuta a injini ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa mpweya wa petulo, kotero munyengo yabwino, nthunzi zamafuta sizidzawotcha. kupitilira apo, pakapita nthawi yayitali, zitsanzo zoyeserera zikatenthedwa mokwanira, muyenera kutsegula chivindikiro cha chubu choyesera ndikubweretsa gwero lamoto wotseguka (wopepuka, machesi). Ngati nthunzi yotulukayo siyiyatsa, ndiye kuti mafutawo alibe mafuta kapena kuchuluka kwake sikungachitike. Chifukwa chake, ngati kukhalapo kwa mafuta kuli koopsa, lirime lamoto lidzawonekera pakhosi la chubu choyesera. Pamenepa, zidzakhala chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa nthunzi ya petulo yochokera ku mafuta odzola mu chubu choyesera.

Pakuchita mayeso ofotokozedwawo, sungani malamulo achitetezo ndi malamulo oteteza moto !!!

Zoyenera kuchita mafuta akalowa mumafuta

Ngati mukuwona kuti pali mafuta mu injini yamafuta, ndiye chinthu choyamba choyenera kuganizira ndikuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa ndikusintha mafutawo. Osagwiritsa ntchito makinawo kwa nthawi yayitali mwanjira iyi!

Kusaka kwa mafuta akuchucha mumafuta a injini kumayamba ndi mayeso oponderezedwa, zisindikizo za jekeseni ndi magwiridwe antchito awo. Kuzindikira kwa jekeseni kumatha kuchitidwa ndi kapena popanda kung'ambika. Pamagalimoto opangidwa ndi carburetor, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a carburetor, nthawi zambiri, makina ake a singano ndi gulu la mipando amasinthidwa.

Mofanana ndi kuyang'ana ntchito ya dongosolo mafuta a dongosolo, ndi bwino kuchotsa ndi kuyang'ana makandulo. Mtundu wa mwaye ndi chikhalidwe chawo zidzakulolani kuti muweruze ntchito ya dongosolo loyatsira.

Zotsatira za kuyendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi petulo mumafuta ndi chiyani

Koma chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mafuta alowa m'mafuta osazindikirika munthawi yake? Kodi makinawo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamikhalidwe yotere? Tidzayankha nthawi yomweyo - mutha kugwira ntchito, koma osati motalika.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mafuta, kulowa crankcase, kwambiri dilutes madzimadzi mafuta, potero kuphwanya ntchito yake. Kuchepa kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe kumabweretsa kudzoza kwabwino kwa magawo agalimoto, izi ndizowona makamaka zikamagwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri komanso kulemedwa kwambiri. Komanso, mafuta neutralizes zotsatira za zina mmenemo.

Kusintha kapangidwe ka mafuta kumabweretsa kuvala kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwazinthu zake zonse (mpaka kukonzanso kwakukulu).

M'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, mafuta mu injini yoyaka moto amatha kuyatsa ndi zotsatira zake zonse!

Choncho, kuti zisakhale ndi zochitika zoterezi komanso kusunga gwero la injini yoyaka mkati momwe mungathere, m'pofunika kuchita zofufuza ndi kukonza zoyenera mwamsanga.