Kodi makhiristo amadzimadzi ngati ma electrolyte m'mabatire a lithiamu-ion apangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga ma cell achitsulo a lithiamu?

Phunziro losangalatsa la Carnegie Mellon University. Asayansi akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito makhiristo amadzimadzi m'maselo a lithiamu-ion kuti awonjezere kachulukidwe kawo, kukhazikika, komanso kuthamangitsa mphamvu. Ntchitoyi sinapite patsogolo, kotero tidikira zaka zisanu kuti amalize - ngati n'kotheka.

Magetsi amadzimadzi asintha mawonekedwe, tsopano atha kuthandiza mabatire

Zamkatimu

• Magetsi amadzimadzi asintha mawonekedwe, tsopano atha kuthandiza mabatire
  • Makhiristo amadzimadzi ngati njira yopezera electrolyte yamadzimadzi

Mwachidule: opanga ma cell a lithiamu-ion pakali pano akufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zama cell pomwe akusunga kapena kukonza magwiridwe antchito a cell, kuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, kuwongolera kukhazikika pamagetsi apamwamba. Lingaliro lake ndikupangitsa mabatire kukhala opepuka, otetezeka, komanso ofulumira kuti azichanganso. Zili ngati makona atatu otsika mtengo-wabwino.

Imodzi mwa njira zowonjezera mphamvu zenizeni za maselo (ndi 1,5-3 nthawi) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito anode opangidwa ndi lithiamu zitsulo (Li-zitsulo).... Osati kaboni kapena silicon, monga kale, koma lithiamu, chinthu chomwe chimayang'anira mphamvu ya selo. Vuto ndiloti dongosololi limapanga lifiyamu dendrites mwamsanga, zopangira zitsulo zomwe pakapita nthawi zimagwirizanitsa maelekitirodi awiri, kuwawononga.

Makhiristo amadzimadzi ngati njira yopezera electrolyte yamadzimadzi

Ntchito pakali pano ikuchitika kuti phukusi anodes mu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kupanga chipolopolo akunja amene amalola otaya ayoni lithiamu koma salola nyumba zolimba kukula. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikugwiritsanso ntchito electrolyte yolimba - khoma lomwe ma dendrites sangathe kulowamo.

Asayansi ku Carnegie Mellon University anatenga njira ina: iwo akufuna kukhala ndi kutsimikiziridwa madzi electrolytes, koma zochokera makhiristo madzi. Makhiristo amadzimadzi ndi zinthu zomwe zili pakati pamadzi ndi makhiristo, ndiye kuti, zolimba zokhala ndi dongosolo lolamulidwa. Makristasi amadzimadzi ndi amadzimadzi, koma mamolekyu awo amalamulidwa kwambiri (gwero).

Pa mlingo wa maselo, kapangidwe ka madzi crystal electrolyte ndi chabe crystalline dongosolo motero zimatchinga kukula kwa dendrites. Komabe, tikuchitabe ndi madzi, ndiko kuti, gawo lomwe limalola ma ions kuyenda pakati pa ma electrode. Kukula kwa dendrite kwatsekedwa, katundu ayenera kuyenda.

Izi sizinatchulidwe mu phunziroli, koma makhiristo amadzimadzi ali ndi chinthu china chofunikira: mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo, imatha kukonzedwa mwadongosolo linalake (monga mukuwonera, mwachitsanzo, poyang'ana mawu awa ndi malire pakati pa wakuda. zilembo ndi maziko opepuka). Chifukwa chake zitha kuchitika kuti cell ikayamba kuyitanitsa, mamolekyu amadzimadzi amadzimadzi amayikidwa mosiyanasiyana ndikuchotsa ma dendritic madipoziti kuchokera ku maelekitirodi.

Mwachiwonekere, izi zidzafanana ndi kutseka kwa zipsera, kunena, mu dzenje la mpweya wabwino.

Choyipa chake ndi chakuti Carnegie Mellon University yangoyamba kumene kafukufuku wama electrolyte atsopano... Iwo amadziwika kale kuti bata ndi m'munsi kuposa ochiritsira madzi electrolytes. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo kumachitika mwachangu, ndipo izi sizomwe zimatisangalatsa. Komabe, n’zotheka kuti m’kupita kwa nthaŵi vutolo lidzathetsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, sitiyembekezera kuwoneka kwa zinthu zolimba-boma koyambirira kwa theka lachiwiri lazaka khumi:

> LG Chem imagwiritsa ntchito sulfide m'maselo olimba. Kutsatsa kolimba kwa electrolyte kusanachitike 2028

Chithunzi choyambira: Lithium dendrites amapangidwa pa elekitirodi ya cell ya lithiamu-ion cell. Chithunzi chachikulu chakuda pamwamba ndi electrode yachiwiri. "Kuwira" koyambirira kwa maatomu a lithiamu kumawombera nthawi ina, ndikupanga "ndevu" yomwe ili maziko a dendrite yomwe ikubwera (c) PNNL Unplugged / YouTube:

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