Jacques Hart

Trawler B-20/II/1 Jacques Ker. Zithunzi za Wolemba Zithunzi

Makampani opanga zombo zapamadzi ku Poland anayamba kupanga zombo zophera nsomba kuyambira m’chaka cha 1949, pamene mu February malo ochitirapo zombo zapamadzi a Gdansk (amene pambuyo pake anatchedwa V. Lenin) anaikidwa pansi pa ngalawa yoyamba ya m’ngalawa yotchedwa B-10, yomwe inkapha nsomba m’mbali ndipo inali ndi zida. injini ya 1200 hp. injini ya nthunzi. Iwo anamasulidwa mu mndandanda wa 89 zidutswa. Chombo chomaliza chopha nsomba chinatumizidwa mu 1960.

Kuyambira 1951, takhala tikupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayunitsi oyendera limodzi: ma trawlers, ma lugrotrawlers, ma trawler oziziritsa, ma trawlers, komanso malo opangira zinthu. Panthawiyi takhala mmodzi wa opanga mabwato akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi. Mfundo yakuti tafika pamalowa zaka 10 pambuyo pomanga sitima yoyamba yapamadzi ya ku Poland ndi imodzi mwazopambana zazikulu zamakampani athu. Mpaka pano, omwe adalandira mayunitsiwa anali makamaka makampani a USSR ndi Polish, kotero adaganiza zokondweretsa mayiko otukuka kwambiri mwa iwo.

Zonse zidayamba ku France ndi nkhani zabodza komanso zotsatsa. Izi zinapereka zotsatira zabwino ndipo mgwirizano unaperekedwa posachedwa kwa zombo 11 za B-21, zomwe zinasamutsidwa ku Gdańsk Northern Shipyard. Ngakhale maonekedwe a mndandanda, iwo ankasiyana kwambiri wina ndi mzake, makamaka kukula ndi zipangizo. Izi zinali zatsopano pakupanga zombo zathu, ndipo zidachitika chifukwa cha miyambo yosiyana ya msika wamba. Makampani asodzi aku France ndi anthu pawokha kapena makampani, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi banja lalitali lausodzi. Iwo ankachitira ngalawa iliyonse osati ngati njira yopezera ndalama, komanso monga chizolowezi komanso kusonyeza chilakolako, kunyada ndi zomwe wapindula ndi maonekedwe ake komanso osalekerera kulephera kulikonse. Choncho, mwini sitimayo aliyense adayika ndalama zambiri pakupanga sitimayo, anali ndi malingaliro akeake okhudza chombo chonsecho kapena tsatanetsatane wake ndipo sanafune kuzisiya. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale ma trawlers anali ochokera mndandanda womwewo, koma kuchokera kumakampani osiyanasiyana, sizinali zofanana.

Kulowa bwino mumsika wam'deralo ndi mabwato ang'onoang'ono kunayambitsa chikhumbo chobwereza izi ndi mphamvu zazikulu zomangidwa ndi Stocznia im. Paris Commune ku Gdynia. Awa anali opambana kwambiri ma trawlers a B-20 opangidwa mdziko lathu, amakono komanso okwera mtengo kuposa B-21. Posakhalitsa iwo anali ndi chidwi ndi awiri mwa eni zombo akuluakulu ochokera ku Boulogne-sur-Mer: Pêche et Froid ndi Pêcheries de la Morinie. Mabaibulo achi French anali osiyana kwambiri pazida zapanyumba komanso pakati pawo. Kusintha kwakukulu kumakhudza momwe nsomba zogwidwa zimasungidwira. Asodzi am'deralo anabweretsa izo zatsopano kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji kapena kumalo osungiramo zitini zapamtunda chifukwa Afalansa sanagule zozizira. Zombo zatsopanozi zidapangidwira kusodza koyenera ku North Sea, Western ndi North Atlantic, ndipo zinthu zatsopano zimayenera kunyamulidwa zambiri kapena m'mabokosi omwe adakhazikika mpaka -4 ° C. Chifukwa chake, zida zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zidalipo kale mu Chipolishi zidazimiririka kuchokera ku trawlers, ndipo mphamvu ya injini ndi liwiro la chotengera zidakula.

Chief Director of the shipyard, Master of Science. Erasmus Zabello ankafuna kuti sitima yoyamba iwonetsere bwino momwe ingathere pamsika watsopano wam'deralo, ndipo mwiniwakeyo adaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chomwe chili pa Jacques Coeur chinali chabwino kwambiri. Ndipo ndicho chifukwa chake sitimayo inapangidwa mosamala kwambiri, osasamalira kokha luso lake labwino, komanso zokongoletsa zakunja ndi nyumba zamkati. Izi zinakhudzidwanso ndi woimira mwini zombo, Eng. Pierre Dubois, yemwe nthawi zonse ankayang'ana chinthu chilichonse choyikidwa mpaka pang'ono kwambiri. Pakati pa iye ndi omangawo panalinso mikangano ndi mikangano, koma izi zinapindulitsa ngalawayo.

Mapangidwe ndi zolemba za Jacques Coeur trawler zidakonzedwa ndi shipyard's Design and Construction Bureau, kuphatikiza. mainjiniya: Franciszek Bembnowski, Ireneusz Dunst, Jan Kozlowski, Jan Sochaczewski ndi Jan Straszynski. Maonekedwe a chombo cha sitimayo adaganizira zomwe mwini wake wa sitimayo adakumana nazo komanso mayesero omwe amachitidwa mu beseni lachitsanzo ku Teddington. Ntchito yomanga imayang'aniridwa ndi Register ya Lloyd of Shipping ndi Bureau Veritas.

Chombo cha trawler chinali chachitsulo komanso chowotcherera. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zazikulu zamainjini oyendetsa, mapangidwe a kumbuyo kwake adalimbikitsidwa mwapadera, ndipo keel inali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati bokosi. Chipindacho chinagawidwa ndi bulkheads m'zipinda 5 zopanda madzi. Chomangira pansi ndi pakati pa nsonga zam'mbali chinali chokhuthala ndipo zitsulo zotchingira zinali zowokeredwapo.

Sitimayo inakhala ndi antchito 32. Pamalo oyenda panyanja panali chipinda cha wailesi ndi chipatala, zomwe poyamba zinkakhala ndi mayunitsi akuluakulu. Pa bwato la ngalawa munali zipinda za woyendetsa, 300, 400 ndi 3, ndipo pa sitima yaikulu - 2, XNUMX ndi XNUMX, zipinda ziwiri za ogwira ntchito, galley, zipinda zonyansa za akuluakulu ndi ogwira ntchito, zipinda zowumitsira, chipinda cha firiji. , nyumba yosungiramo zakudya. ndi transom. Makabati otsala a anthu ogwira nawo ntchito ali pamtunda wakumbuyo. Mu uta wa ngalawa munali malo osungiramo katundu ndi kanyumba kwa munthu wogwira ntchito yemwe ankayang'anira sitimayo pamene inali padoko. Zipinda zonse zimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso zimatenthetsa madzi. Nthunzi ya trawler yokwana XNUMX-XNUMX kg / h ndipo pamphamvu ya XNUMX kg/cm idapangidwa mu boiler yamadzi yamtundu wa BX. Chipangizo chowombera chinali chodziwikiratu, chokhala ndi chowongolera chamagetsi chamagetsi chochokera ku kampani yaku West Germany AEG. Chiwongolerocho chinayatsidwa kuchokera ku wheelhouse pogwiritsa ntchito telemotor kapena, ngati kulephera, pamanja. Malo owonjezera a helmsman anali mu starboard wheelhouse.

Pa sitima yaikulu kutsogolo kwa superstructure, Belgium trawl winch Brusselle inayikidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka mwadzina ya matani 12,5 ndi kukoka zingwe liwiro la 1,8 m / s. Kutalika kwa zingwe za trawl kunali mamita 2 x 2900. Pamaso pa malo apamwamba, pamwamba pa sitimayo, panali malo ogwiritsira ntchito winchi ya trawl. Zachilendo za elevator iyi inali ndi mphamvu ziwiri: magetsi ndi pneumatic. Kuyika kwa pneumatic kunapangitsa kuti azitha kuwongolera zonse kuchokera pa sitima yayikulu komanso kuchokera pa positi yowongolera. Chifukwa cha zida zapadera, zinali zothekanso kutenga miyeso ya kukokera kwa chokweza ndikusunga pa graph.