Zowopsa ku Zeebrugge

Kuwonongeka kwa bwato latsoka, kuli m'mbali mwake. Zithunzi za Leo van Ginderen

Chakumapeto kwa Marichi 6, 1987, ngalawa ya Herald of Free Enterprise, ya mwini zombo waku Britain Townsend Thoresen (tsopano P&O European Ferries), idachoka padoko la Zeebrugge ku Belgian. Sitimayo, limodzi ndi zombo ziwiri ziŵiri, zinatumikira pamzere wolumikiza madoko a English Channel ndi Dover. Chifukwa chakuti eni zombowo ankasunga anthu atatu ogwira ntchito, zombozo zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu kwambiri. Pongoganiza kuti mipando yonse yonyamula anthu yakhala, azitha kunyamula anthu pafupifupi 40 kudutsa ngalandeyo panjira ya Calais-Dover. munthu pa tsiku.

Ulendo wamasana pa Marichi 6 udayenda bwino. Pa 18:05 "Herald" adaponya mizere yayitali, pa 18:24 adadutsa mitu yolowera, ndipo pa 18:27 woyendetsa ndegeyo adayamba kutembenuka kuti abweretse sitimayo kunjira yatsopano, ndiye inali kuyenda pa liwiro la 18,9. mafundo Mwadzidzidzi, sitimayo inandandalika kwambiri kuti ifike kudoko ndi pafupifupi 30 °. Magalimoto omwe adakwera (magalimoto 81, magalimoto 47 ndi mabasi atatu) adasuntha mwachangu, ndikuwonjezera mpukutuwo. Madzi adayamba kulowa m'chombocho kudzera m'mabowo, ndipo patapita nthawi pang'ono kudzera m'mipanda, sitimayo komanso mazenera otseguka. Zowawa za ngalawayo zinangotenga masekondi 3 okha, ngalawayo inatsamira pansi pa mbali ya dokolo ndipo inachita kuzizira motero. Zoposa theka la chombocho chinatulukira pamwamba pa madziwo. Poyerekeza, titha kukumbukira kuti pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, zombo 90 zokha za Royal Navy (pafupifupi 25% ya zotayika zonse) zidamira pasanathe mphindi 10 ...

Ngakhale kuti tsokali linachitika pamtunda wa mamita 800 okha kuchokera kumtunda wa doko m'madzi osaya, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anamwalira chinali chochititsa mantha. Mwa okwera 459 ndi mamembala 80, anthu 193 adamwalira (kuphatikiza achinyamata 15 ndi ana asanu ndi awiri osakwana zaka 13, womwalirayo womaliza adabadwa masiku 23 m'mbuyomo). Uku kunali kutayika kwakukulu kwa miyoyo ya anthu panthaŵi yamtendere yolembedwa m’mbiri ya sitima zapamadzi za ku Britain chiyambire kumira kwa sitima yothandiza yolondera ya Iolaire pa January 1, 1919, poyandikira ku Stornoway mu Outer Hebrides (tinalemba za izi mu Nyanja 4). /2018).

Chiwerengero chachikulu chotere cha ovulala chinali makamaka chifukwa cha mpukutu wadzidzidzi wa chombocho. Anthu odabwa anaponyedwanso kumpanda ndikudula njira yothawirako. Mwayi wopulumutsidwa unachepetsedwa ndi madzi, omwe adalowa m'chombocho ndi mphamvu yaikulu. Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti ngati ngalawayo ikanamira mwakuya kwambiri ndi kutembenuzika, chiŵerengero cha imfa ndithudi chikanakhala chokulirapo. Komanso, mdani wamkulu wa amene anatha kusiya ngalawa ikumira anali kuziziritsa zamoyo, hypothermia - kutentha madzi pafupifupi 4 ° C.

Ntchito yopulumutsa

Sitima yomirayo idatumiza foni yadzidzidzi. Idalembedwa ndi Emergency Coordination Center ku Ostend. Ogwira ntchito ku dredge omwe amagwira ntchito pafupi nawo adanenanso za kuzimiririka kwa magetsi a sitimayo. M’mphindi 10 zokha, helikoputala yopulumutsa anthu inakwezedwa m’mwamba, imene inali pa ntchito pa bwalo la asilikali pafupi ndi Zeebrugge. Patangopita mphindi zochepa galimoto ina inabwera naye. Mwachidziwitso, magulu ang'onoang'ono a zombo zapadoko anapita kukapulumutsa - pambuyo pake, tsokalo linachitika pafupi ndi antchito awo. Radio Ostend idapempha kuti achite nawo ntchito zamagulu apadera opulumutsa anthu ochokera ku Netherlands, Great Britain ndi France. Kukonzekera kudapangidwanso kuti abweretse anthu othawa kwawo komanso othawa kwawo ochokera ku zombo za ku Belgian, omwe adawulutsidwa ndi helikoputala pamalo ochita ngozi patangodutsa theka la ola chiwombankhangacho chigwedezeke. Kusonkhanitsa mphamvu yaikulu yoteroyo kunapulumutsa miyoyo ya ambiri a iwo amene anapulumuka masekondi 90 ovuta a sitimayo ikumira ndipo sanadulidwe ndi madzi mkati mwa chombo. Ma helikopita omwe anafika pamalo owonongekawo ananyamula opulumukawo, omwe, paokha, kupyolera m'mawindo osweka, adafika kumbali ya ngalawayo yomwe inali pamwamba pa madzi. Maboti ndi maboti ananyamula opulumukawo m’madzi. Pamenepa, nthawi inali yamtengo wapatali. Pa kutentha kwa madzi pafupifupi 4 ° C panthawiyo, munthu wathanzi ndi wamphamvu akhoza kukhala mmenemo, malingana ndi zomwe munthu akufuna, kwa mphindi zingapo. Pofika 21:45, opulumutsa anali atakokera kale anthu 200 kumtunda, ndipo ola limodzi atalowa m’malo osasefukira a sitimayo, anthu opulumuka anaposa 250.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, magulu a anthu osambira anapita kumadera omira a sitimayo. Zinkawoneka kuti khama lawo silingabweretse zotsatira, kupatulapo kuchotsa mtembo wina. Komabe, pa 00:25, opulumuka atatu anapezedwa m’chipinda chimodzi cha mbali ya doko. Malo omwe tsokalo linawapeza silinasefukire kwathunthu, chikwama cha airbag chinapangidwa mmenemo, chomwe chinapangitsa kuti ozunzidwawo apulumuke mpaka thandizo litafika. Komabe, iwo anali omalizira opulumuka.

Patatha mwezi umodzi chiwonongekocho, kuwonongeka kwa bwato, komwe kunatsekereza njira yofunika kwambiri, kudadzutsidwa ndi zoyesayesa za kampani yodziwika bwino ya Smit-Tak Towage ndi Salvage (gawo la Smit International AS). Makoko atatu oyandama ndi ma pontoon awiri opulumutsira, mothandizidwa ndi kukoka, choyamba anayika boti pachombo chofanana, kenaka anayamba kutulutsa madzi m’chombocho. Chigumulacho chitatha, anakokeredwa ku Zeebrugge ndiyeno kudutsa Westerschelda (pakamwa pa Scheldt) kupita kumalo osungiramo zombo zachi Dutch De Schelde ku Vlissingen. Chikhalidwe cha luso la chombocho chinapangitsa kuti kukonzanso kutheke, koma mwiniwake wa sitimayo analibe chidwi ndi izi, ndipo ogula ena sanafune kusankha yankho lotere. Choncho, chombocho chinathera m'manja mwa Compania Naviera SA kuchokera ku Kingstown ku St. Vincent ndi Grenadines, yomwe inaganiza zotaya sitimayo osati ku Ulaya, koma ku Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Kuwombera kunachitika pa Okutobala 5, 1987 - Marichi 22, 1988 ndi Dutch tug "Markusturm". Panalibe zomverera. Ogwira ntchito zokokera poyamba anapulumuka Mkuntho Waukulu ku Cape Finisterre, ngakhale kuti kukokako kunali kosweka, ndiyeno chigumulacho chinayamba kuyenda ndi madzi, kuwakakamiza kuloŵa ku Port Elizabeth, South Africa.

Mwini sitima ndi sitima

Townsend Thoresen Shipping Company idapangidwa ndi kugulidwa mu 1959 ndi gulu la Monument Securities la kampani yonyamula katundu ya Townsend Car Ferries kenako ya Otto Thoresen Shipping Company, yomwe inali kampani yake yokulira. Mu 1971, gulu lomwelo linapeza Atlantic Steam Navigation Company Ltd (yotchedwa Transport Ferry Service). Mabizinesi onse atatu, omwe ali pansi pa European Ferries, adagwiritsa ntchito dzina la Townsend Thoresen.