Kusintha fyuluta yamafuta ndi mafuta

Kusintha injini yamafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta ndi ntchito yanthawi zonse yomwe imapezeka kwa woyendetsa wamba. Komabe, ma nuances ena ayenera kukumbukiridwa, makamaka kwa woyendetsa wosadziwa.

Mfundo yakuti mafuta amathandizira kusuntha kwa ziwalo zopukuta ndikuziteteza kuti zisavale msanga zimadziwika ngakhale kwa iwo omwe samamvetsetsa chilichonse chokhudza makaniko. Koma ntchito zake mu galimoto si zokhazo. Kupaka mafuta kumagwira ntchito yoletsa kutukula, kupanga mtundu wa filimu yoteteza pazigawo zachitsulo. Chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka mafuta mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta, kutentha kumachotsedwa pang'ono kuchokera kumadera omwe amawotcha panthawi yogwira ntchito. Izi zimalepheretsa kutenthedwa kwa magawo amodzi ndi injini yonse yoyaka mkati mwathunthu, kukulitsa moyo wake wogwira ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, mafuta odzola amachotsa zinthu zovala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera kumalo otsekemera, zomwe zimathandizanso kuwonjezera moyo wa unit. Ndipo potsiriza, phokoso la phokoso panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito makina limachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Pang'onopang'ono, mafutawo amakhala oipitsidwa, kutentha kwamphamvu kosalekeza kumawononga magwiridwe ake pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kuchotsa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikudzaza atsopano. Ngati izi sizichitika munthawi yake, ma depositi a dothi ndi mwaye adzapanga pamwamba pazigawozo, kukangana kumawonjezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuvala kwa injini yoyaka mkati kudzathamanga ndipo kukonzanso kwake kudzayandikira. Dothi lidzayikidwa pamakoma a mizere yamafuta, ndikuwonjezera kuperekedwa kwa ICE ndi mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, injini yoyaka yamkati yoipitsidwa idzadya mafuta ambiri. Kotero palibe ndalama pano, koma mukhoza kupanga mavuto aakulu.

Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana mu bukhu la malangizo ndikupeza kangati automaker amalimbikitsa kusintha mafuta. Ambiri mwina, ndi imeneyi 12 ... 15 zikwi makilomita kapena kamodzi pachaka adzasonyezedwa kumeneko. Mafupipafupiwa ndi ogwirizana ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. M'misewu yathu, mikhalidwe yotere ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi lamulo. Pazovuta zogwirira ntchito, mafupipafupi ayenera kuchepetsedwa, ndiko kuti, m'malo mwake ayenera kupangidwa pambuyo pa 5 ... 7 makilomita zikwi, koma osachepera kawiri pachaka. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba apamwamba kwambiri kapena opangidwa ndi semisynthetic, nthawi yosinthira imatha kukulitsidwa.

Zovuta zogwirira ntchito zamagalimoto ndi izi:

• Kuyenda mumzinda wawukulu wokhala ndi misonkho pafupipafupi komanso magetsi apamsewu;
• Kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa injini yoyaka mkati popanda ntchito;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto mumayendedwe katundu;
• Kuyenda pamisewu yamapiri;
• Kuyendetsa m'misewu yafumbi;
• Kuwonjezera mafuta ndi mafuta otsika;
• ICE pafupipafupi imayamba ndi maulendo afupiafupi;
• Kutentha kwambiri kapena kutsika kozungulira;
• Mayendedwe owopsa.

Mukathamanga m'galimoto yatsopano, m'malo mwake mafuta a ICE amayenera kuchitika kale - mutayendetsa 1500 ... 2000 kilomita.

Ngati munagula galimoto mumsika wachiwiri ndipo mbiri yake sichidziwika, ndi bwino kusintha mafuta nthawi yomweyo, popanda kudalira malonjezo a wogulitsa kuti ndi atsopano. 

M'makina otsekedwa a injini yamoto yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto, fyuluta imayikidwa yomwe imatsuka mafuta kuchokera ku tinthu tating'ono ta dothi ndi ufa wachitsulo, womwe umapangidwa mwanjira ina pakukangana kwa magawo wina ndi mzake, ngakhale pakakhala mafuta. Mukhoza kulankhula za chipangizo mafuta fyuluta ndi magawo ake ntchito.

Moyo wogwira ntchito wa fyuluta yamafuta ndi 10 ... 15 makilomita zikwi. Ndiye kuti, zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa mafuta a ICE panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino. 

Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuthekera kwa fyuluta kuchita ntchito zake kumadalira momwe mafutawo alili. M'malo ovuta kwambiri, zimakhala zodetsedwa mwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti fyuluta yamafuta imakutidwanso ndi dothi kwambiri. Fyulutayo ikatsekeka kwambiri, simadutsa mafuta bwino. Kuthamanga kwa mafuta mkati mwake kumawonjezeka, kuchititsa kuti valve yodutsayo itseguke. Pankhaniyi, mafuta osakhwima amalowa mu injini yoyaka moto, ndikudutsa gawo la fyuluta. Choncho, nthawi zambiri, tikhoza kuganiza kuti moyo wautumiki wa fyuluta yamafuta ndi mafuta a ICE ndi ofanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi imodzi. 

Mutha kusintha mafuta a injini ndikusefa pagalimoto yamagalimoto kapena muzichita nokha. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pamachitidwe agalimoto amitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma sizimapweteka kuyang'ana mu buku lautumiki poyamba. 

Yesani kudzaza mafuta atsopano amtundu womwewo ndi wopanga ngati wakale. Chowonadi ndi chakuti posintha pang'ono mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito amakhalabe m'dongosolo ndikusakanikirana ndi mwatsopano. Ngati ali amitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena ali ndi zowonjezera zosagwirizana, izi zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amafuta.

Kuti mukhetse mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito, sungani mbale zowoneka bwino komanso zazikulu zokhala ndi malita asanu. Azikhala otsika mokwanira kuti azitha kulowa pansi pa makinawo, komanso otambalala kuti madzi okhetsedwa asapitirire. Mudzafunikanso chiguduli choyera, funnel, ndipo mwinamwake wrench yapadera kuchotsa mafuta. Kuti mutulutse pulagi yokhetsa, mudzafunika wrench, kukula kwake kumakhala 17 kapena 19 millimeters, koma zimachitika kuti pali zosankha zomwe sizili zoyenera. Magolovesi a mphira adzakuthandizani kuti muteteze manja anu, komanso tochi.

Injini yoyatsira mkati iyenera kutenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwa ntchito, chifukwa izi ndizokwanira kuyendetsa ma kilomita. Mafuta otentha amakhala ndi mamasukidwe otsika, chifukwa chake zimakhala zosavuta kukhetsa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tinthu tating'ono ta dothi timakwera kuchokera pansi pa sump ya mafuta ndikuchotsedwa pamodzi ndi mafuta otsekedwa. 

Kuti igwire bwino ntchito, ikani galimoto pa flyover kapena gwiritsani ntchito bowo lowonera. Mulimonsemo, galimotoyo iyenera kuyima pamtunda wathyathyathya yopingasa, injini imayimitsidwa, kugwiritsira ntchito handbrake. 

1. Chotsani kapu yodzaza mafuta. Kukweza hood, mudzawona pamwamba pa injini ndipo simudzasokoneza ndi chirichonse.
2. Chotsani chitetezo cha chipinda cha injini, ngati chilipo.
3. M'malo mwa chidebe cha madzi otsanulidwa.
4. Tsegulani pulagi ya poto yamafuta (ikuwoneka ngati pansi pa sinki yakukhitchini). Konzekerani kuti mafuta otentha atuluke mwadzidzidzi. 
5. Chotsani pulagi mosamala popanda kutaya gasket ndikulola mafuta kukhetsa. Musathamangire kumaliza kukhetsa pamene mafuta akuyenda mumtsinje woonda. Muyenera kudikirira mpaka kudontha. Sizingatheke kuchotsa chirichonse 100 peresenti, mulimonsemo, kuchuluka kwa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito kudzakhalabe mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta, koma zochepa, zoyeretsa mafuta atsopano amatha kukhala. Mwa njira, ndichifukwa chake kupopera kwa vacuum, komwe kumaperekedwa m'malo ambiri othandizira, kuyenera kupewedwa. Ndi njira yosinthira iyi, mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amakhalabe osapezeka.
6. Onani mtundu ndi fungo la mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chotsani dzenje ndi nsalu yoyera ndipo fufuzani mosamala ngati pali zinyalala. Kwa munthu wodziwa zambiri, izi zidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe injini yoyaka moto imakhalira.
7. Ngati zonse zili bwino, sinthani pulagi ya drain, piritsani ndi dzanja ndikulimitsa pang'ono ndi wrench.
8. Pamene mafuta akukhetsa, ndipo izi zimatenga 5 ... Mphindi 10, mukhoza kuyamba kumasula fyuluta. Zimaganiziridwa kuti mudaphunzirapo kale zolemba zautumiki ndikupeza malo ake. Nthawi zambiri manja amphamvu aamuna ndi okwanira kumasula fyulutayo. Mutha kukulunga kale ndi sandpaper. Ngati chalumikizidwa ndipo sichikubwereketsa, gwiritsani ntchito kiyi yapadera. Izi zitha kukhala, mwachitsanzo, lamba kapena chokoka unyolo. Monga chomaliza, kuboola fyulutayo ndi screwdriver ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati lever. Ndikofunikira kuwombera m'munsi mwa nyumba ya fyuluta kuti musawononge koyenera. Fyuluta ikachotsedwa, mafuta ena amatsanulidwa, choncho konzekerani kasungidwe kena kakang'ono pasadakhale, kapena dikirani mpaka mafuta atayikiratu mu sump ndikugwiritsira ntchito chidebe chomwecho. 
9. Musanayike fyuluta yatsopano, tsanulirani mafuta atsopano - osati pamwamba, koma osachepera theka la voliyumu. Izi zidzapewa kuwonongeka kwa nyundo yamadzi ndi zosefera pamene pampu yamafuta iyamba kupopa mafuta. Kuonjezera apo, kukhalapo kwa mafuta enaake mu fyuluta kudzalola kuti kuthamanga kwabwino mu dongosolo la mafuta lifike mofulumira. Muyeneranso kupaka mafuta ku o-ring, izi zidzathandizira kuti zikhale zolimba, ndipo mukamalowetsa fyuluta, zimakhala zosavuta kuzimasula. Nthawi zina, mphete ya O-yokhala kale ndi fakitale ndi talc kapena mafuta, pomwe siziyenera kuthandizidwanso.
10. Limbitsani fyuluta ndi dzanja mpaka itakhazikika, ndiyeno imangitsani pang'ono ndi wrench.
11. Tsopano mukhoza kudzaza mafuta atsopano. Kuti musatayike, gwiritsani ntchito funnel. Choyamba lembani zoikamo ndi zochepa kuposa momwe zasonyezedwera mu bukhuli, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono pamwamba, kulamulira mlingo ndi dipstick. Kumbukirani kuti mafuta owonjezera siwowopsa kwa injini yoyaka mkati kuposa kusowa kwake. Momwe mungadziwire bwino kuchuluka kwamafuta kumatha kuwerengedwa.
12. Mukamaliza, yambitsani injini. Chizindikiro chotsika chamafuta chiyenera kuzimitsidwa pambuyo pa masekondi. Kutenthetsa injini yoyaka mkati mwa 5 ... Mphindi 7 osagwira ntchito. Onetsetsani kuti palibe kutayikira pansi pa pulagi yokhetsa komanso pamalo pomwe fyuluta yamafuta imayikidwa. Imitsani injini ndikuwunikanso kuchuluka kwamafuta. Bweretsani muyeso ngati kuli kofunikira. Yang'anani milingo pafupipafupi kwa masabata angapo oyamba.

Osathira mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito paliponse, perekani kuti abwezeretsedwenso, mwachitsanzo, pamalo operekera chithandizo.

Nthawi zambiri, kuwotcha sikofunikira. Komanso, ndizosafunika, chifukwa sizingatheke kuchotsa madzi otsekemera ndi njira yosinthira mwachizolowezi. gawo lapadera la "flush" lonse lidzatsalira mu dongosolo ndikusakaniza ndi mafuta atsopano. Zinthu zowononga zomwe zili mumadzimadzi osungunula zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amafuta atsopano ndipo zitha kusokoneza zida za injini zoyatsira mkati. Mafuta akutsuka sakhala ankhanza, koma ndibwino kuti musawagwiritse ntchito. 

Kuwotcha kungakhale kofunikira ngati galimotoyo idagulidwa pamsika wachiwiri ndipo sizidziwika bwino zomwe zimatsanuliridwa mu dongosolo la mafuta. Kapena mwasankha kusintha mtundu wina wa mafuta. Pankhaniyi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofewa ya kusintha pafupipafupi. Zili ndi izi: 

• Mafuta ndi fyuluta amasinthidwa mwachizolowezi, pambuyo pake galimoto iyenera kuyendetsa mtunda wa kilomita imodzi ndi theka mpaka zikwi ziwiri mu njira yopuma; 
• ndiye mafuta atsopano amawonjezeredwa ndikuyika fyuluta yatsopano, makilomita ena a 4000 ayenera kuyendetsedwa mofatsa;
• Kenako, kusintha kwina kwamafuta ndi fyuluta kumapangidwa, ndiye kuti makinawo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira yabwinobwino.

Zambiri za mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi mtundu wamafuta a injini oyatsira mkati akupezeka mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito galimoto yanu. Kuchuluka kwamafuta ofunikira kumawonetsedwanso pamenepo. Pa intaneti mungapeze mapulogalamu apadera osankha mafuta ndi zosefera malinga ndi chitsanzo ndi chaka chopangira makinawo. Kuphatikiza apo, mutuwu ungakhale wothandiza. Wina ndi wodzipereka pakusankha mafuta otumizira.

Mafuta a injini yamtengo wapatali amawononga ndalama zambiri, koma amakhala nthawi yayitali. Moyenera, muyenera kuyandikira kusankha kwa fyuluta. Kuyika miyeso, mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa ndi kupanikizika komwe valve yodutsa imagwira ntchito iyenera kuganiziridwa. Pewani mankhwala ochokera kwa opanga osadziwika omwe amagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika. Zosefera zotsika mtengo zimakhala ndi zosefera zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimatsekeka mwachangu. Valavu yodutsa mkati mwawo ikhoza kusinthidwa molakwika ndikutsegula pamagetsi otsika kuposa momwe iyenera kukhalira, ndikudutsa mafuta osagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dongosolo. Zimachitika kuti pa kutentha kochepa mlanduwo umasweka, ndipo mafuta amayamba kutuluka. Gawo loterolo silidzatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo silidzapereka kusefera koyenera.

Mafuta a injini kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika nthawi zambiri amawombedwa, choncho ndi bwino kugula kwa ogulitsa odalirika. Mu malo ogulitsira pa intaneti aku China, mutha kusungira mafuta apamwamba kwambiri a injini zoyatsira zamkati kapena zotumizira. Kumeneko mutha kugulanso zosefera zamafuta pamtengo wotsika mtengo.