Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Malangizo kwa oyendetsa

Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati

03.03.2023 /

Matayala agalimoto achilimwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi nyengo. Liti komanso chifukwa chiyani izi ziyenera kuchitika - mwini galimoto aliyense ayenera kudziwa. Ngati pali funso losankha mphira wa nyengo yofunda, muyenera kuganizira magawo angapo omwe amakhudza chitetezo, kuyendetsa galimoto komanso moyo wautumiki wa zinthu za chassis.

Bwanji kusintha matayala m'nyengo yozizira kukhala chilimwe

Matayala agalimoto achilimwe amasiyana ndi matayala achisanu m'njira zingapo: kupondaponda, kapangidwe kazinthu komanso kusalala kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Kutsetsereka kwa dzinja kumadziwika ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

  • kufewa kwapansi;
  • kusunga elasticity pa kutentha otsika;
  • porosity ndi roughness wa kupondaponda;
  • kuchuluka kwa kupondaponda kuyambira 8 mpaka 10 mm.

Matayala achilimwe, m'malo mwake, amakhala olimba kwambiri komanso amawonjezera kukana kuvala. Kupondapo kumadziwika ndi sipes zazikulu, ndipo malo ogwirira ntchito ndi osalala. Rubber amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kuvala pang'onopang'ono. Kutalika kwa matayala awa kumafika 8 mm. Kusintha matayala achisanu kukhala matayala achilimwe komanso mosemphanitsa ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo:

  1. Pa kutentha kwa +7 ° C, katundu wa mitundu yonse iwiri ya matayala amawonongeka.
  2. Kutentha kozungulira kukatsika mpaka +5 ° C, kulimba kwa ma skates achilimwe kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kumamatira pamsewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo chokwera chiwonjezeke.
  3. Kutentha kukakwera kufika +10 ° C, matayala achisanu amawonongeka kwambiri. Zida zamatayala zimakhala zofewa ndipo galimotoyo imataya kukhazikika kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa phokoso kumawonjezeka, ndipo kupondaponda kumatha mwachangu kwambiri.
Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Kubwera nyengo yofunda, matayala achisanu ayenera kusinthidwa ndi chilimwe.

Momwe mungasankhire matayala achilimwe agalimoto

Pofika kutentha, nkhani yosankha matayala a chilimwe ndi yokondweretsa eni eni ambiri a galimoto. Kuti kupeza malo otsetsereka kukhale kolondola, m'pofunika kuganizira makhalidwe angapo ndi machitidwe oyendetsera galimotoyo.

Kukula kwakukulu

Musanagule matayala achilimwe, muyenera kudziwa kukula kwake komwe kuli koyenera galimoto yanu molingana ndi malingaliro a automaker. Nthawi zambiri izi zitha kupezeka patsamba lanu kapena m'malo ogwirira ntchito amtundu wamagalimoto anu. Kukula kokhazikika kumakhala ndi magawo angapo:

  • kutalika;
  • m'lifupi;
  • m'mimba mwake.
Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Matayala ali ndi magawo ambiri, chimodzi mwazomwe ndi kukula kwake

Posankha mphira ndi kukula, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mbiri ya tayala ndi yamtengo wapatali. Chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kusankha matayala okhala ndi m'lifupi mwake ndikusunga kutalika kwa mbiriyo, chifukwa nthawi zonse imawonjezeka molingana ndi m'lifupi mwake. Kuonjezera apo, muyenera kuganizira mozama kukula kwake: chizindikiro cholakwika sichidzakulolani kuti muyike tayala pa disc.

Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Pamphepete mwa matayala, magawo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, malingana ndi zomwe mungasankhe mphira woyenera.

Malinga ndi kutalika kwa mbiriyo, mphira imagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

  • mbiri yotsika (≤ 55%);
  • mbiri (60-75%);
  • mbiri yonse (≥ 82%).

Makina okhala ndi otsetsereka otsika amakhala ndi kasamalidwe kabwino, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi zovuta zosokoneza pamsewu.

Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Matayala otsika amathandizira kuyendetsa galimoto

Mbiri yapamwamba imapangitsa kuti kugwira ntchito kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma galimotoyo imayenda bwino pa zolakwika za msewu. Ngati tayala mulibe zolemba za mbiri, ndiye kuti muli ndi mphira wokhala ndi chizindikiro cha 80-82%. Matayala oterowo, mofanana ndi matayala apamwamba, amapereka kayendedwe kofewa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito bwino pa liwiro lalikulu.

Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Poyendetsa galimoto m'misewu yoipa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito matayala apamwamba

Njira yoponda

Chikhalidwe cha ma groove opondapo chimakhudza mwachindunji kugwidwa kwa magudumu ndi kukana kwa magudumu. Mayendedwe a matayala achilimwe akhoza kukhala awa:

  • classic symmetrical kapena non-directional. Iyi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ambiri m'madera akumidzi komanso pamsewu waukulu, ndipo imayikidwanso kuchokera ku fakitale;
  • yolunjika symmetrical. Mtundu uwu udzakhala wabwino kwambiri pakuyendetsa nthawi yamvula komanso ya chifunga, chifukwa umadziwika ndi ngalande zabwino zamadzi komanso kukhazikika pamisewu yonyowa;
  • asymmetric. Ndi chitsanzo ichi, chitonthozo chimatsimikiziridwa mu nyengo iliyonse, ndipo mphira ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thupi (sedan, SUVs). Chifukwa chakuti pamatsetse oterowo mawonekedwe opondapo kunja ndi mkati ndi osiyana, amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mwanjira yomwe yasonyezedwa.
Kusankha matayala achilimwe: chifukwa chiyani komanso ndi magawo ati
Njira yopangira ma symmetrical, symmetrical directional ndi asymmetrical

Video: momwe mungasankhire matayala achilimwe

Kugwira yokutidwa

Matayala achilimwe ayenera kugwira bwino, kaya msewu uli wonyowa kapena wouma. Kugwira mwamphamvu ndikofunikira chifukwa matayala ambiri achilimwe amangoyandama pamiyala yotentha. Kuti muyendetse bwino galimoto, kuthamanga ndi kutsika kuyenera kukhala chidaliro. Pankhaniyi, zigawo zofunika kwambiri ndi chitsanzo, mbiri, m'lifupi ndi kapangidwe tayala. Kuti mugwire bwino misewu yonyowa, m'lifupi mwake, kutalika kwa makwerero ndi mawonekedwe opondapo ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Kulemera

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa tayala. Kupepuka kwa gudumu, katundu wocheperako umagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyimitsidwa, kusamalira bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumachepetsedwa. Kulemera kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa mbiriyo ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphira. Masiku ano, mitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi yopanga ma skate imagwiritsa ntchito mphira wopangira, womwe umadziwika ndi kupepuka komanso kukana kuvala.

Chitonthozo ndi phokoso

Parameter yotere ngati phokoso kwa oyendetsa galimoto ndi yofunika kwambiri. Zimadalira mwachindunji kuponda ndi ndondomeko: kukula kwakukulu kwa kupondaponda, phokoso la matayala. Popeza mphira wamakono ali ndi kapangidwe kake kovutirapo, sizotheka nthawi zonse kumvetsetsa momwe zingakhalire phokoso kapena ayi. Choncho, posankha, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi akatswiri. Ngati tilingalira matayala ponena za chitonthozo, ndiye kuti amagawidwa kukhala olimba, apakati ndi ofewa. Yoyamba ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'misewu yathyathyathya. Mtundu wofewa udzakhala njira yabwino kwa misewu yoyipa, chifukwa mabampu onse amawongolera, koma pa liwiro lalikulu, matayalawa sachita bwino kwambiri. Njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mphira wapakati wolimba. Idzapereka chitonthozo chabwino m'misewu yomwe ili ndi njira yabwino komanso yosauka.

Liwiro index

Kuthamanga kwa index index kumawonetsa kuthamanga kwambiri komwe mungasunthire pa matayala otere. Matayala othamanga kwambiri amakhala ndi index yayikulu, yogwira bwino komanso mtunda wocheperako, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna njira yoyendetsera galimoto yodekha, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa choyikira malo otsetsereka okhala ndi index yothamanga kwambiri.

Table: Kutchulidwa kwa zilembo za index yothamanga ya tayala

ZotsatiraMNPQRSTUHVWY
Liwiro lalikulu, km / h130140150160170180190200210240270300

Katundu index

Parameter iyi ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu womwe mphira ungathe kupirira pa liwiro lalikulu. Ngati galimotoyo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula anthu ndi katundu, ndiye kuti matayala ayenera kusankhidwa ndi index yolemetsa kwambiri. Zogulitsa zoyenera kwambiri pagawo lomwe mukufunsidwa zitha kusankhidwa malinga ndi luso lagalimoto yanu.

Table: chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha matayala

Zotsatira707580859095100105110115120
Kulemera kwakukulu, kg335387450515600690800925106012151400

Chimango

Mwadongosolo, matayala amagawidwa kukhala diagonal ndi radial. Rabara ya diagonal ili ndi nyama yokhala ndi zigawo zingapo za chingwe. Kukonzekera kwawo kumapangidwa m'njira yoti ulusi wa zigawo zoyandikana zidutse pakati pa kupondapo. Ulusi wa ulusi ndi nayiloni kapena capron. Nthawi zambiri, otsetsereka a diagonal amakhala ndi chipinda ndipo amakhala ndi mphete ziwiri zam'mbali. Ubwino waukulu wa matayala oterowo ndi otsika mtengo komanso chitetezo chabwino kuchokera kumbali. Zina mwazolakwika ndi:

Mfundo yakuti tayala ndi radial imasonyezedwa ndi chilembo R polembapo. Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi magalimoto onse. Mu tayala lozungulira, chingwecho chimakhala ndi chingwe chimodzi chokhala ndi ulusi umene sudutsana, komanso pali mphete imodzi ya mkanda. Kwenikweni, malo otsetsereka otere amakhala opanda machubu. Iwo ali ndi ubwino wotere:

Zatsopano kapena zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Nthawi zina oyendetsa galimoto amakhala ndi lingaliro logula matayala ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ubwino waukulu wa matayala ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtengo wotsika poyerekeza ndi atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati pali chidziwitso chomwe chimakulolani kuti musankhe mphira wapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika, ndiye kuti mutha kulingalira izi. Komabe, posankha matayala ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa matayala ovala matayala ndi pafupifupi 50%, ndipo mtengo wawo ndi 40% wotsika kuposa atsopano. Ngati tilingalira zotsetsereka zatsopano, ndiye kuti ali oyenerera bwino, sanakhalepo ndi nkhawa, choncho ali okonzeka kutumikira nthawi yoposa imodzi. Matayala atsopano osankhidwa bwino amapereka chitonthozo ndi chitetezo, zomwe si tayala lililonse lomwe lagwiritsidwa ntchito lingadzitamandire nalo.

Video: momwe mungasankhire matayala ogwiritsidwa ntchito achilimwe

Malangizo a akatswiri

Posankha matayala a chilimwe, choyamba, muyenera kuganizira za nyengo ya dera limene galimotoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati makinawo adzasuntha m'dera lomwe kuli mvula yambiri, ndiye kuti matayala ayenera kumasulidwa mwamsanga m'madzi, omwe amafunikira kuti azitha kuyenda bwino. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha msewu. Chifukwa chake, matayala amsewu pamsewu wa miyala adzakhala osayenera ndipo, mosiyana, mosemphanitsa. Kwa okonda zapamsewu, kusankha mawilo kuyenera kuyandikira mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa matayala achilengedwe sali oyenera pamikhalidwe yotere. Pachifukwa ichi, mudzafunika matayala okhala ndi njira yodutsa pamsewu yomwe imamatirira bwino pansi ndikutsukidwa ndi dothi.

Posankha matayala achilimwe, musanyalanyaze kukula kwa fakitale. Ngati muyika mphira ndi magawo ena, izi zingayambitse kulephera kwa zinthu za galimotoyo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu. Ponena za opanga, lero msika wa matayala ndi wosiyana kwambiri. Mutha kusankha kuchokera pamndandanda wotsatira wa matayala otsika mtengo:

Ngati mbali yazachuma ya nkhaniyi siinakhazikike, ndiye kuti chidwi chikhoza kuperekedwa ku mndandanda wa matayala achilimwe awa:

Ndemanga za oyendetsa galimoto

Ndinatenga Nokian Hakka Green 205/60 R16 96H kwa 2 zikwi rubles. kwa tayala lopangidwa ku Russia. Pamtengo wake zinali zovuta kupeza china chilichonse. Matayalawo sanakhumudwitse, koma amakondwera ndi njira yosalala ya mabampu, njanji, ndi zina. Zisanachitike, panali ContiEcoContact2. Mpira woyenda mwakachetechete - sakonda kutembenuka kwakuthwa. Imasonyeza makhalidwe ake abwino pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20-25 - ikuyamba kusambira pamwamba.

Masabata angapo apitawo ndinayika 30 Michelin Energy pa Hyundai i195.65.15, pambuyo pake ndinapeza zabwino zambiri. Choyamba, galimotoyo tsopano sichimatsogolera kulikonse, imameza mabowo ang'onoang'ono, yakhala yodalirika kwambiri pazitsulo. Ndipo mfundo yofunika - ndi chete panjira, phokoso limene linali pa mphira wakale wapita. Ndikupangira.

Ndili ndi Henkuk, kukula 185/60 R14, mawilo amphamvu kwambiri. Kwa ma mileage 40, kuvala kupondaponda kumakhala kochepa. Pagalimoto yanga, ndili ndi katundu wolemera, 1,9 turbodiesel, amapirira katunduyo mwangwiro. Izi zisanachitike, Amtel adayimilira, pambuyo pa 15 zikwi zonse zidakhala ngati dzira kutsogolo. Ngakhale mndandanda wa katundu wa Amtel ndi Henkuk ndi womwewo - 82.

Kugula matayala, poyang'ana koyamba, kumawoneka ngati chochitika chophweka. Koma popeza gawo la galimotoli limadziwika ndi magawo ambiri, aliyense wa iwo ayenera kuganiziridwa posankha, mosasamala kanthu kuti amagulidwa ndi bajeti kapena matayala okwera mtengo.

Kuwonjezera ndemanga