dongosolo lotengera galimoto

Makina otengera mpweya mgalimoto yanu amakoka mpweya kuchokera kunja kupita mu injini. Koma kodi mukudziwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito? Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Pali eni magalimoto ochepa omwe sadziwa kwenikweni zomwe mpweya wotengera mpweya umachita, momwe umagwirira ntchito, komanso kufunika kwagalimoto. M'zaka za m'ma 1980, zida zoyambira zotengera mpweya zidaperekedwa, zomwe zinali ndi machubu opangira pulasitiki opangidwa ndi thonje. . Tsopano, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi luso laumisiri, machitidwe otengera akupezeka ngati machubu achitsulo, zomwe zimalola kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu. Mapaipi nthawi zambiri amakhala opaka utoto kapena utoto kuti agwirizane ndi mtundu wa galimotoyo, popeza tsopano injini zamakono zilibe zida za carburetor, tikudera nkhawa za injini zobaya mafuta. Ndiye funso nlakuti, kodi tiyenera kudziwa chiyani kwenikweni pankhaniyi?

Air intake system ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito

Ntchito ya makina otengera mpweya ndikupereka mpweya ku injini yagalimoto. Oxygen mu mlengalenga ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kuti kuyaka mu injini. Njira yabwino yolowera mpweya imatsimikizira kuyenda kwaukhondo komanso kosalekeza kwa mpweya mu injini, motero kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi mtunda wa galimoto yanu.

Njira yabwino yolowera mpweya imatsimikizira kuyenda kwaukhondo ndi kosalekeza kwa mpweya mu injini.Njira yotengera mpweya ya galimoto yamakono imakhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikuluzikulu - fyuluta ya mpweya, sensa ya mpweya wambiri ndi thupi la throttle. Ili kuseri kwa grille yakutsogolo, makina otengera mpweya amakoka mpweya kudzera mu chubu lalitali lapulasitiki lomwe limalowera mnyumba ya fyuluta ya mpweya, yomwe imasakanizidwa ndi mafuta agalimoto. Pokhapokha m'pamene mpweya umalowa muzinthu zambiri zomwe zimalowetsamo, zomwe zimapereka mafuta osakaniza mpweya ku masilinda a injini.

Fyuluta yamlengalenga

Fyuluta ya mpweya ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kayendedwe ka galimoto, chifukwa ndi kupyolera mu fyuluta ya mpweya yomwe injini "imapuma". Imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakhala bokosi lapulasitiki kapena lachitsulo lomwe limasungiramo fyuluta ya mpweya, injini imafunikira mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya kuti iziyenda bwino, ndipo mpweya wonse umalowa m'dongosolo kudzera mu fyuluta ya mpweya. Ntchito ya fyuluta ya mpweya ndikusefa zinyalala ndi tinthu tating'ono ta mlengalenga, ndikuzilepheretsa kulowa mudongosolo ndikuwononga injini.

Zosefera za mpweya zimalepheretsa litsiro ndi zinthu zina zakunja kuchokera mumlengalenga kulowa mu dongosolo. Ili mu chipinda cha mpweya wopita ku msonkhano wa throttle pansi pa nyumba ya galimoto yanu.

Sensor yothamanga kwambiri

air mass Sensor yakuyenda kwa mpweya imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa mu injini yoyaka mkati ndi jekeseni wamafuta. Chifukwa chake imachoka ku sensa ya mass flow kupita ku throttle valves. Awa ndi mawaya ndi waya wotentha Mtundu wa vane uli ndi damper yomwe imakankhidwa ndi mpweya wolowa. Mpweya wochuluka umalowa m'pamenenso damper imabwerera m'mbuyo. Palinso chotchinga chachiwiri kuseri kwa chikulucho chomwe chimalowera popindika chotsekeka chomwe chimalepheretsa kuyenda kwa vaniyo kuti muyeze bwino kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magetsi kwa waya kumawonjezeka pamene kutentha kwa waya kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ikuyenda mozungulira. Pamene mpweya umadutsa waya, umazizira, kuchepetsa kukana kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azitha kuyenda mozungulira.

Mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya masensa akuyenda kwa mpweya ndi vane mita ndi waya wotentha.

Kutenga mpweya wozizira ndi momwe umagwirira ntchito

Mpweya wozizira umagwiritsidwa ntchito kubweretsa mpweya woziziritsa mu injini ya galimoto kuti iwonjezere mphamvu zake komanso kuchita bwino. Makina olowera bwino kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito bokosi la airbox lomwe lakula kuti lifanane ndi injini ndikukulitsa mphamvu ya injiniyo. Chitoliro cholowetsa kapena mpweya wolowera ku dongosolo liyenera kukhala lalikulu mokwanira kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wokwanira umalowa mu injini pansi pazifukwa zonse kuchokera ku zopanda pake mpaka kuphulika kwathunthu. Chifukwa mpweya wozizira umakhala ndi kachulukidwe kokulirapo (kuchuluka kwambiri pa voliyumu iliyonse), mpweya wolowera nthawi zambiri umagwira ntchito pobweretsa mpweya wozizira kwambiri kuchokera kunja kwa malo a injini yotentha. conical air fyuluta, yotchedwa short pressure air intake. Mphamvu yopangidwa ndi njirayi imatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe bokosi la airbox la fakitale lilili lochepa.Njira zokonzedwa bwino zimagwiritsa ntchito zishango za kutentha kuti zilekanitse fyuluta ya mpweya ku mbali ina yonse ya injini, kupereka mpweya wozizirira kutsogolo kapena mbali ya injini. . Machitidwe ena otchedwa "mapiko okwera" amasuntha fyuluta mu khoma la mapiko, dongosololi limakoka mpweya kupyolera mu khoma la mapiko, lomwe limapereka mpweya wochuluka komanso mpweya wozizira.

Supottle

Thupi la throttle ndilo gawo la mpweya wotengera mpweya umene umayendetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa m'chipinda choyaka moto cha injini. Zimapangidwa ndi nyumba yobowoleredwa yomwe imakhala ndi valve ya butterfly yomwe imazungulira pamtengo.

Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa m'chipinda choyaka cha injini Pamene chonyamulira chatsika, valavu imatseguka ndikulowetsa mpweya mu injiniyo. Pamene accelerator imatulutsidwa, valve yotsekemera imatseka ndikudula bwino kutuluka kwa mpweya mu chipinda choyaka. Njirayi imayendetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa kuyaka ndipo pamapeto pake liwiro lagalimoto. Thupi la throttle nthawi zambiri limakhala pakati pa nyumba ya fyuluta ya mpweya ndi manifold ambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi sensa ya mpweya.

Momwe zimasinthira makina anu otengera mpweya

Zina mwazabwino zokhala ndi mpweya wozizira ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ndi torque. Chifukwa chakuti mpweya wozizira umakoka mpweya wokulirapo womwe ukhoza kukhala wozizira kwambiri, injini yanu imatha kupuma mosavuta kusiyana ndi makina oletsa katundu. Chipinda chanu choyaka chikadzadza ndi mpweya wozizirira, wokhala ndi okosijeni wambiri, mafuta amayaka pakasakaniza bwino. Mumapeza mphamvu zambiri ndi torque kuchokera kudontho lililonse lamafuta mukaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wabwino. Phindu lina la mpweya wozizira ndikuwongolera kuyankha kwamphamvu komanso kuchepa kwamafuta nthawi zambiri. Kutenga mpweya wamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumapereka zosakaniza zotentha, zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa injini yanu kutaya mphamvu ndi kuyankha kwamphamvu, kumatentha komanso pang'onopang'ono. Mpweya wozizira ukhoza kukuthandizani kusunga mafuta pokonza chiŵerengero chanu cha mpweya ndi mafuta.