Kodi poto yamafuta a injini ndi chiyani. Mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe, mitundu ndi zomwe zikufunika
Zamkatimu
Lero tiphunzira zomwe zimatchedwa poto yamafuta a crankcase ya injini yagalimoto, chinthu chomwe chimapangidwira, ntchito ndi ntchito zomwe gawolo limachita, komanso komwe msonkhano uli chipinda cha injini
KODI PANSI YA MAFUTA YA GALIMOTO NDI CHIYANI. NKHANI, ZINTHU, MITUNDU NDI ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI
Masana abwino, lero tipeza mafuta a injini ndi chiyani galimoto, chinthucho ndi chiyani magetsi, ntchito ziti и ntchitoyo imachitidwa ndi gawo, komanso, pomwe node в chipinda cha injini galimoto. Komanso, tiyeni tikambirane poto yamafuta imakhala ndi zotsatira zotani pa ntchito ya injini magalimoto, kapangidwe kake ndi chiyani и chipangizo cha element, komanso, mitundu ya node ndi chiyani. Pomaliza, tiyeni tikambirane pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa poto yamafuta ya crankcase yamitundu iwiri от injini ya sitiroko zinayi, ubwino wake ndi chiyani и zovuta ali nazo zambiri, akhoza galimoto magetsi galimoto ntchito popanda wapatsidwa mfundo, komanso, zida zanji kutulutsa gawo lamagalimoto.
Zinthu zotere zagalimoto ngati crankcase mafuta poto ndi imodzi mwa kiyi zigawo в kapangidwe ka mafuta kapena injini ya dizilo galimoto. Pansi ya mafuta ndi zachilendo sitima kapena mphamvu, zomwe zimapereka kusungirako mafuta a injini... Nthawi zambiri sump adayikidwa mu pansi pa injini block. Kuti tifotokoze, tikuzindikira kuti chida zilizonse zamakono galimoto sindingathe ngakhale kulingalira popanda pansi mafuta, yomwe imachita zazikulu ntchito pa kusunga zambiri zamadzimadzi zamakono в injini. Kawirikawiri, ambiri mwa awa m'madera amapangidwa kuchokera chitsulo kapena zotayidwa, kutengera ndi mtundu magetsi. Komanso, sump okonzeka nthawi zonse ndi apadera dzenje lotayira и pulasitiki pulagi kwa izo, kupyolera mu izo kukhetsa mafuta a injini akale.
Musanayambe kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane pansi mafuta, m'pofunika kumvetsa chimene chiri nkhokwe galimoto? Carter magetsi ndi thupi injini, zomwe okhazikika к chipika cha injinikudzera mphira kapena silicone gasket, kuteteza injini kuyaka mkati от kutayikira kwamadzimadzi kwaukadaulo kunja. Nthawi zambiri mkati mwa crankcase amayikidwa kugwedezeka и masamba oyambira magetsi. MU pansi chimodzimodzi mfundo zomwe zili pansi mafuta, zomwe alowa в kapangidwe ka crankcase, chifukwa chake amatchedwamchere wa mafuta". Nthawi zambiri, пnyenyezi к crankcase imalumikizidwa pa mabotolo ndipo ndi gawo la injini yogawa.
1. MBIRI YAKE, ZAMBIRI NDI ZOMWE MUKUFUNA PANI YA MAFUTA
Kulingalira kwathu tsatanetsatane wotero injini, monga crankcase mafuta poto ndikufuna kuyamba ndi node chiyambi mbiri. Dziwani kuti zikomo popanga nkhokwe ndi ake mphasa amafuna injiniya waku America Harrison Carteramene ali kutali Chaka cha 1889 anatulukira chofunika kwambiri zambiri galimoto iliyonse yamakono. Poyamba kutulukira wasayansiyo anali kutumiza pa mawilo awiri. Carter adapanga wapadera posungira chifukwa njingamomwe idasungidwa luso madzimadzi chifukwa chain lubrication. Ntchito ya crankcase ndi zakale nthawi imeneyo mphasakumene mafuta adasungidwa anali banal chitetezo cha kapangidwe от kulowa kwa chinyezi с dothi.
ntchito aliyense sump ndi kusungiramo mafuta a injini, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi kutentha kwakukulu. Choncho, opanga magalimoto amamvetsera kwambiri msonkhano izi kapena izo lachitsanzo makina amaperekedwa mwachindunji gawo zinthu. Monga taonera kale, nyumba ya crankcase с mphasa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera металла (aluminium kapena chitsulo choponyedwa).
Komabe, pali magalimoto crankcase mafuta potozomwe zopangidwa kuchokera kwapadera pulasitiki. Izi zachitika kuti chepetsani kulemera momwe mungathere magalimoto. Mwachidziwitso, tikuwona kuti munthu akhoza kukumana nazo zitsanzo za sumppa mkati pamwamba zomwe amakhazikika zosiyana zowonjezera injini zigawo, Mwachitsanzo pompa mafuta.
Kuti tifotokoze, tikuzindikira kuti pansi mafuta mungathe kukhazikitsidwa osati mu mphamvu zomera, komanso pa gearbox, kaya iwo zokha kapena makina mitundu. Komanso, si zachilendo kupeza pansi mafuta у gudumu lakumbuyo magalimoto kapena milatho Galimoto. Choncho, kumlingo wina, aliyense mfundo, zomwe kugwira ntchito pa mafuta ili ndi yakeyake yapadera mphasa.
Komabe, crankcase mafuta poto wamphamvu mokwanira chosiyana kuchokera kwa ena zinthu zofanana, mwachitsanzo kuchokera kutumiza pallet... Chinthu chachikulu kusiyana lagona mu zosiyanasiyana mabuku, mawonekedwe и zipangizo zopangira zambiri. Monga tikudziwira, mafuta a injini ndiye ambiri chachikulu pa kuchuluka ndipo nthawi zambiri mutha kupeza gawo ili osachotsedwa с injinimu kusiyana momwemonso ma gearboxizo nthawizonse zimapita mtundu wotayika.
2. MITUNDU, MITUNDU YOMANGA NDI ZINTHU ZOPANGA NTCHITO YA MAFUTA
onse mafuta a injini adagawanika ndithu mitundu. Mtundu wa pallet zimatengera zomwe magalimoto iye kuyika. Choncho, pali masamba mafuta chifukwa sitiroko ziwiri и zikwapu zinayi magetsi. Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa mapepala a mafutaanaikidwa zina injini, imakhala ndi kumanga yekha galimoto. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pallets zitha kukhala chotheka kapena osachotsedwa, ndiye kuti ali gawo la crankcasendi osati nkhokwe.
Yoyamba mtundu wa zophika mafutachomwe chiri ngati mmodzi с nkhokwe amatanthauza mitundu iwiri ya injini. Komanso, mphasa m'mafakitale amphamvu awa ndi gawo lawo gawo la thupindipo gawo lamagetsi galimoto. MU ma motors awiri mkati nkhokwe с mphasa chachikulu gawo la mafuta osakaniza, zomwe ndiye amatumizidwa в zonenepa magetsi. Izi injini dongosolo ndi osiyana от sitiroko zinayi mfundo yakuti m'fakitale mphamvu mafuta wamagalimoto, nthawi zambiri amakhala mkati kukhudzana mwachindunji с mafuta, ndiye, mu thanki imodzi.
Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kuziwona kutopa mtundu zambiri chakuda wamba. Utoto mtundu zotere magalimoto zimachitika kawirikawiri mtundu wa bluishmakamaka izi kawirikawiri chifukwa njinga yamoto. Kuti tifotokoze, tikuzindikira kuti kuthetheka pulagi в magawo awiri a sitiroko kuyenda kwambiri zochepa, pa zikwapu zinayi. Masiku ano n'zovuta kupeza zogulitsa magalimoto ndi izi mtundu wa zochita zamagalimoto, chifukwa chake otsika bwino.
chachiwiri mtundu wa zophika mafuta amatanthauza injini zinayi sitiroko. The kumanga ngati magalimoto, sump amanyamula okha ntchito yothandizira, ndiye kuti basi thanki chifukwa luso kusungira madzimadzi ndipo osatinso. Zikomo kuti mu zikwapu zinayi magetsi, mafuta wamagalimoto pafupifupi amaphonya в zipinda zoyaka moto za silinda, utsi wapamsewu opangidwa injini zambiri opepuka mu mdima, chifukwa woyeretsa pa kapangidwe... Kuphatikiza apo, magalimoto wapatsidwa mitundu kuphatikizapo zida ndi chothandizira (neutralizer) machitidwe a gasi.
kupatula kugawa mapepala pa mtundu womanga, zambiri osankhidwa pa kapangidwe и zinthu zopangidwa. Zokhudza zakuthupi,kumene opangidwa zinthu, monga taonera kale, kawirikawiri masamba mafuta amapangidwa kuchokera zitsulo za aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, pang'ono pang'ono kuchokera chitsulo... Kawirikawiri, chitsulo choponyedwa m'mafakitale oyendetsa magalimoto akhala ambiri gwiritsani ntchito pafupipafupi, chifukwa cha zambiri zakuthupi... Komanso металла, m'magalimoto amakono, makamaka subcompact angapezeke pallets zopangidwa kuchokera pulasitiki yotentha kwambiri. Mafuta a pulasitiki zili bwino chifukwa kulemera ali Zosavutirako momwemonso zotayidwa pafupifupi pa Nthawi 2.
chokhudza nyumba и mawonekedwe a khungu la mafuta, ndiye m’zochitika zambiri kupanga m'mawonekedwe aang'ono bwato lakuda lamakona anayi. Ma automaker ambiri nawonso chitetezo pansi wapadera tsamba kuchokera pulasitiki kapena akhala, amene amatchedwa chitetezo cha crankcase kapena injini... Ena zitsanzo za pallet mwina kupangidwa ndi zowonjezera nthiti, которые zili kuyambiranso nkhope tsatanetsatane. Nthiti zofunika kuti apereke kukhazikika kowonjezera kwamapangidwe, ngati mphasa amanyamula katundu wa semantic, ndiye kuti mbali ya injini nyumba (crankcase yamtundu wosagawanika).
Ndemanga ya kanema: "Pani yamafuta a injini. Mawonekedwe, kapangidwe, mitundu ndi zomwe zimafunikira "
anapezazo
Pofotokoza mwachidule zomwe tafotokozazi, tikuwona kuti chikwama magetsi ndi pansi mafuta, ndi awiri tsatanetsatane wosiyanaamene amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo kawirikawiri kulumikiza pogwiritsa ntchito wina ndi mzake zomangira mabawuti. Carter - ichi ndiye chachikulu gawo la thupi la injini, mkati mwake muli malo akutali, zomwe zimapanga pakamwa в magalimoto, ku crankshaftndipo nthawi zina pamodzi camshaft, kutengera ndi mtundu magetsi. Komanso, kumtunda kwa crankcase nthawi zina kuphatikiza ndi chipika yamphamvu ndi kukhala ngati mmodzi. Zokhudza crankcase mafuta poto, ndiye payokha zomanga ndi kwambiri zosavutakoma, ntchito zofunika и zomwe kwambiri thandizo amatanthauzira injini zinthu za carthi.
