Volkswagen Santana: mbiri chitsanzo, ikukonzekera, ndemanga eni
Zamkatimu
Volkswagen Santana, wobadwira ku Germany, anatha kugonjetsa pafupifupi theka la dziko mofulumira kwambiri. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ankadziwika ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, koma chinthu chimodzi sichinasinthe - khalidwe German. Ichi mwina ndi chifukwa chake galimoto, kwenikweni, anadutsa reincarnations angapo - iwo sangakhoze kukana Volkswagen Santana.
Mwachidule za range
Volkswagen Santana ndi mng'ono wa m'badwo wachiwiri Passat (B2). Galimotoyo inayamba kuperekedwa kwa anthu mu 1981, ndipo mu 1984 anayamba kupanga misa.
Galimotoyo idapangidwa makamaka kumsika waku South America ndi Asia. N’zochititsa chidwi kuti m’mayiko osiyanasiyana analandira mayina osiyanasiyana. Choncho, ku USA ndi Canada ankadziwika kuti Quantum, ku Mexico - monga Corsar, ku Argentina - Carat, ndipo kokha ku Brazil ndi mayiko angapo ku South America amakumbukiridwa chimodzimodzi monga Volkswagen Santana. Mpaka 1985, dzina limeneli linalipo ku Ulaya, koma kenako anaganiza kusiya izo mokomera Passat.
Volkswagen Santana (China)
Ku China, "Santana" adapeza, mwinamwake, kutchuka kwakukulu, ndipo kunachitika mofulumira kwambiri: mu 1983, galimoto yoyamba yotereyi inasonkhana kuno, ndipo kale mu 1984, mgwirizano wa German-Chinese, Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive, unakhazikitsidwa.
Poyamba, sedan wodzichepetsa amapangidwa ndi injini ya 1,6-lita mafuta; kuyambira 1987 mzere wa injini lawonjezeredwa ndi unit 1,8-lita, komanso mafuta. Motors ngati ntchito tandem ndi gearbox zinayi-liwiro. Magalimoto okhala ndi injini ya 1,6-lita adasiyanitsidwa ndi kudalirika kowonjezereka komanso magwiridwe antchito, motero amawakonda kwambiri madalaivala a taxi. Mu zosintha izi galimoto analipo mpaka 2006.
Ngakhale kutali ndi dziko la Germany, kumene zozizwitsa zonse zaumisiri za nthawi imeneyo zinkachitika, a Santanas aku China adadzitamandira zatsopano zambiri, kuphatikizapo makina a jekeseni amagetsi a Bosch ndi ABS ndi kugawa kwamagetsi.
Mu 1991, Santana 2000 inafika ku China, ndipo kupanga kwakukulu kunayamba mu 1995. Pa nthawi yomweyo anafika ku Brazil. The Chinese "Santana" ku Brazil "mlongo" anali wosiyana ndi yaitali - 2 mm - wheelbase.
Mu 2004, Santana 3000 adawonekera. nthawi yomweyo, voliyumu yakumbuyo yawonjezeka - thunthu limawoneka lalikulu kwambiri; mvula idawoneka. Galimotoyo inalipo poyamba ndi injini za petulo za 1,6 ndi 1,8 lita; mu 2006, unit awiri malita anaonekera.
Mu 2008, "Santana" "wobadwanso" mu Volkswagen Vista - akhoza kudziwika ndi mavuna grille, akamaumba chrome ndi taillights ndi zinthu zozungulira.
Table: Mafotokozedwe a Volkswagen Santana aku China
| Santana | Santana 2000 | Santana 3000 | view | |
| Mtundu | 4-zitseko sedan | |||
| Injini | 4-sitiroko, SOHC | |||
| Kutalika, mm | 4546 | 4680 | 4687 | 4687 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1690 | 1700 | 1700 | 1700 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1427 | 1423 | 1450 | 1450 |
| Kulemera, kg | 1030 | 1120 | 1220-1248 | 1210 |
Nissan Santana (Japan)
Ku Japan, wopanga magalimoto ku Germany adapeza bwenzi lodalirika mwa pulezidenti wa Nissan Takashi Ishihara, ndipo mu 1984 dziko la chilumbacho linayamba kupanga Santana, ngakhale pansi pa mtundu wa Nissan. Nissan Santana analipo ndi njira zitatu za injini - 1,8 ndi 2,0 petulo, kupanga 100 ndi 110 HP. motero, komanso ndi 1,6 turbodiesel ndi 72 hp. Injini zonse ntchito ndi asanu-liwiro "zingononi", ndi atatu-liwiro "zodziwikiratu" analipo kwa mayunitsi mafuta.
Kunja, Japanese "Santana" ankasiyanitsidwa ndi grille wapadera ndi nyali. Kuphatikiza apo, Nissan Santana inali yocheperapo 5mm kuposa anzawo aku Germany kuti apewe msonkho waku Japan pamagalimoto opitilira 1690mm.
Mu May 1985, mtundu wa Autobahn wa Xi5 unawonjezeredwa pamzerewu, kupeza mipando yamasewera, sunroofs ndi 14 "mawilo aloyi. Mu Januwale 1987, kukweza nkhope kunachitika, chifukwa Santana adalandira ma bumpers ochulukirapo.
Kupanga magalimoto "Nissan Santana" ku Japan inatha mu 1991 - German galimoto chimphona "anasintha" Nissan ndi Toyota.
Volkswagen Santana (Brazil)
Galimoto yaku Germany idafika ku Brazil mu 1984. Apa zinaperekedwa muzosintha zambiri - sedan yokhala ndi zitseko zinayi ndi ziwiri, komanso Quantum station wagon. Ma Santana aku Brazil anali ndi injini za 1,8 kapena 2 lita zomwe zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito petulo kapena ethanol (!). Poyamba, mayunitsi onse mphamvu wophatikizidwa ndi gearbox anayi-liwiro Buku; kuyambira 1987 alipo zosintha ndi gearbox asanu-liwiro.
Table: Mafotokozedwe a Volkswagen Santana aku Brazil
| Kutalika, mm | 4600 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1700 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1420 |
| Mawilo, mm | 2550 |
| Kulemera, kg | 1160 |
Mu 1991, gulu la ku Brazil la Volkswagen linayambitsa mgwirizano ndi Ford. Komabe, m'malo mopanga chosinthira chatsopano cha Passat (B2), adaganiza kuti atenge njira yochepetsera kukana ndikumanganso Santana. Thupi la thupi, mzere wa thunthu, ndi zina zotero zinasinthidwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikhale ndi mawonekedwe amakono. Santana watsopanoyo adagulitsidwa ku Brazil ngati Ford Versailles komanso ngati Ford Galaxy ku Argentina.
Kupanga kwa "Santana" ku Brazil kunachepetsedwa mu 2002.
Volkswagen Corsar (Mexico)
Santana, yemwe adalandira dzina la Corsair m'dziko latsopano, adafika pamsika waku Mexico mu 1984. Ku Mexico, Corsair idapangidwa kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo komanso yopikisana osati ndi mitundu yapakatikati, koma yapamwamba ngati Chrysler LeBaron "K", Chevrolet Celebrity, Ford Grand Marquis.
Corsair inali ndi injini ya 1,8-lita yokhala ndi 85 hp, yophatikizidwa ndi kufala kwa manambala othamanga. Kunja, "Mexico" imawoneka ngati mnzake waku Europe kuposa mitundu yaku America. Kunja, "Corsair" ankasiyanitsidwa ndi nyali zinayi lalikulu, mawilo aloyi 13 inchi; mkati mwake munali upholstered mu buluu kapena imvi velor; panali choyimbira makaseti, alamu, chiwongolero chamagetsi.
Mu 1986, Corsair idasinthidwa - chowotcha cha radiator chinasinthidwa, magalasi amagetsi ndi mkati mwachikopa chakuda zidapezeka ngati njira. Kumbali yaukadaulo, kaphatikizidwe kakang'ono ka ma liwiro asanu adawonjezedwa.
Mu 1988, kupanga "Corsairs" ku Mexico kunasiya kugwirizanitsa ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa kupanga chitsanzo cha "Santana" ku Ulaya. Komabe, m'dziko la Latin America anthu amasangalalabe kuyendetsa Corsairs, ndikuzindikira kuti izi si zodalirika zokha, komanso galimoto yapamwamba.
Volkswagen Carat (Argentina)
Santana analandira thupi latsopano ku Argentina, kumene anafika mu 1987; apa adadziwika kuti "Karat". Pano, monga m'misika yambiri ya ku America, inali ndi injini ya mafuta ya 1,8 kapena 2-lita, yomwe inali yophatikizidwa ndi "makaniko" othamanga asanu. Mwa luso luso, "Karat" anali wodziimira kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa, mpweya, mazenera mphamvu. Komabe, kupanga magalimoto ku Argentina kunatha mu 1991.
Table: makhalidwe a Volkswagen Santana (Carat) kusinthidwa kwa Argentina
| 1,8 l injini | 2,0 l injini | |
| Mphamvu, hp | 96 | 100 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l pa 100 km | 10 | 11,2 |
| Max. liwiro, km / h | 168 | 171 |
| Kutalika, mm | 4527 | |
| Kutalika, mm | 1708 | |
| Kutalika, mm | 1395 | |
| Mawilo, mm | 2550 | |
| Kulemera, kg | 1081 | |
New Santana
October 29, 2012 ku Wolfsburg, Germany, Volkswagen New Santana inayambitsidwa, yopangidwira msika waku China ndipo idapangidwa kuti ipikisane ndi Skoda Rapid, Seat Toledo ndi Volkswagen Jetta.
Silhouette, makamaka pa mbiri ya thunthu, "Santana" yatsopano ndi yofanana ndi "Skoda Rapid". Mkati mwa "Santana" watsopano amasiyanitsidwa ndi mapangidwe oganiza bwino ndi ergonomics. Komanso, ngakhale m'munsi, galimoto ali airbags, osati kutsogolo, komanso m'mbali, mpweya woziziritsa ndi ngakhale magalimoto masensa.
"Santana" watsopano likupezeka ndi njira ziwiri kwa injini mafuta - 1,4 ndi 1,6 malita, mphamvu - 90 ndi 110 HP. motsatira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti injini wamng'ono amadya malita 5,9 a mafuta pa 100 Km mu mode wosanganiza, ndi wamkulu - 6 malita. Onse awiri ndi kufala asanu-speed manual.
Kukonza Volkswagen Santana
M'malo mwake, palibe zida zosinthira mwachindunji za Volkswagen Santana pamsika waku Russia - zida zotsalira zokha kuchokera pakupanga. "Santana", monga amanenera, "mafamu ophatikizana", pogwiritsa ntchito izi zida zoyenera kuchokera ku "Golf" yachitatu kapena "Passat" (B3).
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yosinthira ndikuchepetsa. Mtengo wapakati wa akasupe oyimitsidwa ndi ma ruble 15. Komanso pa galimoto mukhoza kukhazikitsa spoilers, utsi wapawiri, "magalasi" pa magetsi kutsogolo.
Video: ikukonzekera "Volkswagen Santana"
Connoisseurs amatsamira pakusintha kwa retro, mwina kukonzanso chithunzi chagalimoto ndi ma chromium, ndi zina zambiri.
Kwa "Santana" watsopano pali njira zina zosinthira - izi ndi "eyelashes" panyali, mpweya wotsekemera pa hood, zowunikira zina ndi magalasi, ndi zina zambiri.
Mndandanda wamtengo
Mu Russia, wakale "Santana" anakhalabe makamaka m'matauni ang'onoang'ono. Poyamba, galimoto yosowa kwambiri, Santana siifunidwa mwapadera pa malo ogulitsa magalimoto akuluakulu - kuyambira Januware 2018, theka la magalimotowa amagulitsidwa m'dziko lonselo. Mtengo wapakati wamagalimoto 1982-1984 ndi mtunda wa makilomita 150 mpaka 250 zikwi - za 30-50 zikwi rubles. Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti magalimoto ambiri akuthamangabe.
Ndemanga za eni
Malingaliro a "Santans" akale amatsimikiziridwa bwino ndi mayina awo omwe eni ake amawapatsa pa Drive2 - "tube ulesi", "peppy Fritz", "workhorse", "peppy old man", "silver assistant".
"Santanas", monga lamulo, amatengera eni ake kapena abwenzi omwe "akula" kuchokera ku makina oterowo, kapena amagulidwa kuti abwezeretsedwe. Eni magalimoto nthawi zambiri akukumana ndi kusowa kwa zida zosinthira. Nthawi zina "Santana" imodzi paulendo ndi magalimoto atatu opereka. Thupi la Santana ndi lolimba kwambiri, losagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri, injiniyo imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali - magalimoto ambiri amayendetsabe kuzungulira dziko momwe adachokera pamzere wa msonkhano.
Chipangizocho chinali chapamwamba, sichinalephereke, chogulitsidwa pambuyo pa kulandidwa. Carburetor idapangidwanso pa VAZ kuyambira eyiti. Thupi silingawonongeke, limawoneka ngati zinc, koma panali zovuta ndi zida zopangira mawonekedwe.
Hatchi yabwino komanso yokhulupirika) Osagwetsa msewu, kukwera mwakachetechete mtunda wautali. Ngati itasweka pafupi ndi nyumba) Ndipo imayenda pafupifupi makilomita 25 pachaka.
Ndinagula galimotoyi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kwinakwake kumayambiriro kwa June 2015. Anayambanso kubwezeretsedwa. Lingaliro lapachiyambi linali kupanga zachikale, koma kenako linabadwanso kukhala masewera. Injini imakondweretsa byry ndi frisky. Zolimbitsa thupi zili bwino.
Volkswagen Santana ndi galimoto yomwe, kwa zaka zoposa 30 ikugwira ntchito m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndipo mwina osati m'mikhalidwe yabwino, yatsimikiziranso kuti ndi yowona. Santana ndi njira yabwino kwa bizinesi ndi moyo: ngakhale galimoto yazaka imatha kuyenda mosavuta m'misewu kwa zaka khumi, ndipo ngati muika chikondi pang'ono ndi khama ku Santana, mumapeza galimoto yapadera komanso yoyimira retro. zomwe mosakayikira zidzakopa chidwi ndikukondweretsa diso la woyendetsa galimoto wovuta kwambiri.
