Volkswagen Bora: chisinthiko, makhalidwe, ikukonzekera options, ndemanga

Mu Seputembala 1998, gulu lankhondo laku Germany la Volkswagen linayambitsa mtundu watsopano wa VW Bora sedan, yomwe idatchedwa chifukwa cha mphepo yachisanu yomwe idawomba kuchokera ku Europe kupita ku Italy Adriatic. VW Golf IV hatchback idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nsanja yoyambira, yomwe nthawi ina idapatsa dzina gulu lonse la magalimoto. Kupanga kwa seri ya VW Bora kudayamba mu 1999 ndikupitilira mpaka 2007.

Kusintha kwa Volkswagen Bora

Masewera a VW Bora okhala ndi mipando isanu nthawi yomweyo adachita chidwi ndi mawonekedwe ake okhwima, mitundu yambiri yamafuta amafuta ndi dizilo, mkati mwa chikopa cha chic, liwiro komanso kuyankha kwamphamvu.

Mbiri ya Volkswagen Bora

VW Bora sinali galimoto yatsopano - momwemo nkhawayi idaphatikiza zolemba zodziwika bwino za Audi A3, m'badwo waposachedwa wa Volkswagen Käfer, Škoda Octavia ndi Mpando Toledo wachiwiri.

Ku Russia, masauzande angapo a VW Bora a mibadwo yoyamba amasangalatsabe eni ake ndi kudalirika, chitonthozo ndi mapangidwe odziwika.

Maonekedwe a thupi adawonetsedwa:

• sedan ya zitseko zinayi (matembenuzidwe oyambirira);
• ngolo ya zitseko zisanu (chaka chimodzi chiyambireni kupanga serial).

Poyerekeza ndi nsanja yoyambira ya VW Golf, kusinthako kunakhudza kutalika kwa thupi, kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo. Kutsogolo ndi mbali, silhouette ya VW Bora ndi pang'ono amatikumbutsa m'badwo wachinayi Golf. Komabe, palinso kusiyana koonekeratu. Mukayang'ana kuchokera pamwamba, galimotoyo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe amphepo. Mbali zamphamvu za mabwalo a magudumu ndi kumbuyo kwakung'ono kwakung'ono kumawonekera kuchokera m'mbali, ndi mawilo akuluakulu otalikirana 205/55 R16 amakopa chidwi kuchokera kutsogolo. Maonekedwe a nyali zakutsogolo, hood ndi zotchingira zidasinthidwa, ma bamper atsopano akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo adawonekera.

Mapangidwe okhwima komanso akutsogolo odziwika amasiyanitsa VW Bora pamagalimoto

Mwambiri, mapangidwe a VW Bora adapangidwa mwanjira yachikale, yosavuta. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa thupi lopangidwa ndi zitsulo zotayidwa, kugonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi, kuchuluka kwa thunthu kwawonjezeka kufika 455 malita. Chitsimikizo cha wopanga motsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwa dzimbiri chinali zaka 12.

Makhalidwe a VW Bora a mibadwo yosiyanasiyana

Kuphatikiza pa mtundu woyambira, zosintha zina zitatu za VW Bora zidapangidwa:

VW Bora Trendline inali mtundu wamasewera wamitundu yoyambira. Galimotoyo inali ndi mawilo a Avus light alloy ndi mipando yakutsogolo ya ergonomic yokhala ndi kutalika kosinthika.

VW Bora Trendline idasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthika kwake, mawonekedwe amasewera komanso njira yotetezedwa yoganizira bwino kwa oyendetsa ndi okwera.

Mtundu wa VW Bora Comfortline unapangidwira okonda chitonthozo. Mkati mwa galimoto anali osakaniza zipangizo zamakono ndi ergonomic mapangidwe:

• mipando yonse, chiwongolero ndi chosinthira chinali chodulidwa mu chikopa;
• kumbuyo kwa mipando yakutsogolo yokhala ndi kutentha kwamagetsi, zothandizira zosinthika za m'chiuno zidayikidwa kuti zipewe kutopa kwam'mbuyo;
• njira ziwiri zowongolera nyengo zidapezeka;
• zokweza mawindo amagetsi ndi zogwirira zitseko za chrome zidayikidwa;
• magalasi akunja amatenthedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi magetsi;
• matabwa akuda amaika anaonekera pa gulu kutsogolo;
• chowunikira cha mainchesi asanu pa dashboard chikuwonetsa magawo amtundu wa audio kuchokera kwa okamba 10 ndi amplifier yanjira zambiri, komanso kuyenda kwa satellite;
• chopukutira chamagetsi chokhala ndi sensa ya mvula, yomwe imatembenuka yokha ngati ikufunika, idawonekera.

VW Bora Comfortline inali ndi nyumba yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi kapangidwe koyambirira kwa chiwongolero, giya lever ndi gulu lakutsogolo.

Kwa makasitomala ofunikira kwambiri, mtundu wa VW Bora Highline udapangidwa ndi matayala otsika kwambiri komanso mawilo a aloyi a Le Castellet. Galimotoyo inalandira magetsi amphamvu a chifunga, ndipo zogwirira zitseko kunja kwake zinali zokongoletsedwa ndi matabwa amtengo wapatali.

VW Bora Highline idapangidwira makasitomala omwe amafunikira kwambiri

Mkati, mipando, dashboard ndi center console zakhala zoyengedwa kwambiri. Panali kompyuta yapabwalo, loko yapakati yoyendetsedwa kuchokera pa kiyibodi, ma alarm achitetezo ochita ntchito zambiri ndi zina zaukadaulo.

Kanema: Zowoneka bwino za Volkswagen Bora

Volkswagen Bora - ndemanga yonse

Mawonekedwe amtundu wa VW Bora

Kwa zaka zopitilira makumi awiri za mbiri yopanga, Volkswagen yatulutsa mitundu ingapo ya Bora, yopangidwira ogula osiyanasiyana. Pansi pa dzina la VW Bora, magalimoto adagulitsidwa m'misika ya European Union ndi Russia. VW Jetta idaperekedwa ku North ndi South America. Dzina lomaliza pambuyo pa 2005 linaperekedwa ku mitundu yonse ya magalimoto ogulitsidwa ku makontinenti anayi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Bora" ndi "Jetta" inali chifukwa cha kuthekera kokhazikitsa (monga mphamvu, mafuta, kuchuluka kwa masilindala, makina ojambulira) injini, ma gearbox odziyimira pawokha ndi amanja, ma gudumu akutsogolo ndi ma gudumu onse. Komabe, matembenuzidwe onse anali ndi makhalidwe angapo osasintha. Izi:

• miyeso (kutalika, m'lifupi, kutalika) - 4379x1740x1450;
• chiwerengero cha zitseko - 4;
• chiwerengero cha mipando - 5;
• thunthu la thunthu - 453 l;
• mtundu wa mabuleki (kutsogolo - mpweya mpweya zimbale 256 mm, kumbuyo - chimbale 232 mm);
• kuyimitsidwa ndi anti-roll bar kuti mukhale otetezeka (kutsogolo - mtundu wa McPherson struts, kumbuyo - wodziyimira pawokha, masika);
• thupi lopangidwa ndi malata okhala ndi chitsimikizo (zaka 12) motsutsana ndi dzimbiri;
• kutalika - 127 mm;
• matayala pa zitsanzo ndi gudumu kutsogolo - 195/65 R15;
• matayala pa zitsanzo ndi magudumu onse - 205/55 R16.

Table: Mafotokozedwe a Volkswagen Bora

Injini				Kutumiza		Ntchito			Mphamvu
Voliyumu lita	HP mphamvu/ liwiro	Mafuta/ mtundu wa dongosolo	mtundu	Gearbox	Actuator	Zaka kumasula	zida iye kulemera, kg	Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km msewu waukulu/mzinda/wosakanikirana	Zolemba malire liwiro, km/h	Kuthamangira ku 100 km/h mphindi
1,4 16V	75/5000	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jekeseni, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2001	1169	5,4/9/6,7	171	15
1,6	100/5600	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jekeseni, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2000	1137	5,8/10/7,5	185	13,5
1,6	100/5600	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jekeseni, euro 4	L4	4 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	1998-2000	1168	6,4/12/8,4	185	14
1,6	102/5600	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	L4	4 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	1998-2000	1229	6,3/11,4/8,1	185	13,5
1,6 16V	105/5800	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jekeseni, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	2000-2005	1190	5,6/9,4/7	192	11,6
1.6 16V FSI	110/5800	Petroli AI 95/ jekeseni mwachindunji, Yuro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1190	5,2/7,9,6,2	194	11
1.8 5V 4Motion	125/6000	Gasoline AI 95 / jekeseni wogawidwa, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Zokwanira	1999-2000	1261	6,9,12/9	198	12
1.8 5V Turbo	150/5700	Gasoline AI 95 / jekeseni wogawidwa, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1243	6,9/11/7,9	216	8,9
1.8 5V Turbo	150/5700	Gasoline AI 95 / jekeseni wogawidwa, euro 4	L4	5 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	2001-2002	1268	6,8/13/8,9	212	9,8
1.9 SDI	68/4200	Dizilo / jakisoni wolunjika, Euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1212	4,3/7/5,2	160	18
1.9 SDI	90/3750	Dizilo / jakisoni wolunjika, Euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2001	1241	4,2/6,8/5	180	13
1,9 SDI	90/3750	Dizilo / jakisoni wolunjika, Euro 4	L4	4 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	1998-2001	1268	4,8/8,9/6,3	176	15
1,9 SDI	110/4150	Dizilo / jakisoni wolunjika, Euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1246	4.1/6.6/5	193	11
1.9 SDI	110/4150	Dizilo / jakisoni wolunjika, Euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1262	4.8/9/6.3	190	12
1,9 SDI	115/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	6MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1238	4,2/6,9/5,1	195	11
1,9 SDI	100/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	2001-2005	1280	4.3/6.6/5.1	188	12
1,9 SDI	100/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	5 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	2001-2005	1327	5.2/8.76.5	184	14
1,9 SDI	115/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	5 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	2000-2001	1333	5.1/8.5/5.3	192	12
1,9 SDI	150/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	6MKPP	Kutsogolo	2000-2005	1302	4.4/7.2/5.4	216	9
1,9 SDI	130/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	6MKPP	Kutsogolo	2001-2005	1270	4.3/7/5.2	205	10
1,9 SDI	130/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	5 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	2000-2005	1316	5/9/6.5	202	11
1.9 TDI 4Motion	150/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	6MKPP	Zokwanira	2001-2004	1424	5.2/8.2/6.3	211	9
1,9 TDI 4Motion	130/4000	Dizilo / pump-injector, euro 4	L4	6MKPP	Zokwanira	2001-2004	1392	5.1/8/6.2	202	10.1
2.0	115/5200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	L4	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2005	1207	6.1/11/8	195	11
2,0	115/5200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	L4	4MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2002	1234	6,8/13/8,9	192	12
2.3 V5	150/6000	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	1998-2000	1229	7.2/13/9.3	216	9.1
2.3 V5	150/6000	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	4 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	1998-2000	1253	7.6/14/9.9	212	10
2,3 V5	170/6200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	5MKPP	Kutsogolo	2000-2005	1288	6.6/12/8.7	224	8.5
2,3 V5	170/6200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	5 kufala kwadzidzidzi	Kutsogolo	2000-2005	1332	7,3/14/9,7	220	9,2
2,3 V5 4Motion	150/6000	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	6MKPP	Zokwanira	2000-2000	1416	7.9/15/10	211	10
2,3 V5 4Motion	170/6200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V5	6MKPP	Zokwanira	2000-2002	1426	7.6/14/10	218	9.1
2,8 V6 4Motion	204/6200	Petroli AI 95/ kugawa jakisoni, Euro 4	V6	6MKPP	Zokwanira	1999-2004	1430	8.2/1611	235	7.4

Chithunzi chojambula: VW Bora cha mibadwo yosiyanasiyana

Chifukwa injini dizilo ndi mphamvu ya malita 110. Ndi. galimoto Imathandizira 100 Km / h mu masekondi 11, ndi liwiro pazipita - 195 Km / h.

Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa galimoto yotsika mtengo yokhala ndi mtunda wochepa wa gasi kunali 185 km / h.

Injini yosazolowereka ya silinda isanu yokhala ndi 115 hp. ndi pafupifupi kumwa mafuta 6,1 L / 100 Km anasonyeza mphamvu kwambiri

VW Bora Highline - sedan yamphamvu kwambiri, yachangu komanso yodula kwambiri m'banja lonse

VW Bora wa m'badwo woyamba mwamsanga anatchuka m'mayiko ambiri a dziko, kuphatikizapo Russia

Mitundu ya VW Bora yoyendetsa magudumu onse yokhala ndi luso lapamwamba lodutsa dziko inali yotchuka kwambiri.

Volkswagen Bora Wagon

Mu 2001, mzere wa sedans wa Volkswagen udawonjezeredwanso ndi mtundu wa VW Bora estate, wofanana ndi m'badwo wachinayi Gofu station wagon ndi kusiyana pang'ono kwa zida. Kufuna komwe kukubwera kwachitsanzo cha zitseko zisanu chokhala ndi malo ambiri kudapangitsa kuti nkhawa iyambe kupanga magalimoto otere m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

VW Bora station wagon ili ndi khomo lachisanu m'malo mwa thunthu komanso mkati mwake

Sitima yapamtunda imakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya injini za VW Bora sedan, kupatula injini ya 1,4-lita. Mayunitsi okhala ndi malita 100-204. Ndi. imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a petrol ndi dizilo. Zinali zotheka kukhazikitsa bukhu lamanja kapena lodziwikiratu pa ngolo zapamtunda, sankhani chitsanzo chokhala ndi kutsogolo kapena magudumu onse. Chassis, kuyimitsidwa, mabuleki, machitidwe otetezera m'matembenuzidwe onse anali ofanana ndi ofanana ndi zitsanzo za sedan.

Chitetezo cha VW Bora sedan ndi station wagon Bora

Mitundu yonse ya VW Bora (sedan ndi station wagon) imakhala ndi ma airbags akutsogolo (oyendetsa ndi okwera), anti-block brake system, yophatikizidwa ndi ma brake force distribution system. Ngati m'mibadwo yoyambirira zikwama za airbags zidayikidwa mwa dongosolo la kasitomala, ndiye mumitundu yaposachedwa izi zimachitika mosalephera. Kuphatikiza apo, machitidwe otetezedwa apamwamba kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito - njira yowongolera ma ASR ndi ESP electronic control system.

Video: Volkswagen Bora test drive

Yesani galimoto ya Volkswagen Bora

Volkswagen Bora ikukonzekera zigawo

Mutha kusintha mawonekedwe ndi mkati mwa VW Bora nokha. Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma body kits, mafelemu a malaisensi, ma bullbar, ma threshold, njanji zapadenga ndi zina zomwe zikugulitsidwa.

Kuyika chowononga, zida za thupi pakhomo, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mabampu kumakupatsani mwayi wokonza mawonekedwe a VW Bora malinga ndi zofuna za eni ake.

M'masitolo apaintaneti, mutha kugula zida za thupi, zitseko za zitseko, zomangira kuchokera ku kampani yaku Turkey Can Otomotiv ya mtundu wina wa VW Bora, poganizira chaka chopanga. Zogulitsa za kampaniyi ndizabwino komanso zotsika mtengo.

Ubwino wa zida za thupi Can Automotiv

Mapangidwe apamwamba a zida za thupi zopangidwa ndi Can Otomotiv ndi chifukwa cha mfundo zotsatirazi.

1. Kampaniyo ili ndi satifiketi yaku Europe ya ISO 9001 komanso setifiketi yamapangidwe amunthu payekha.
2. Kulondola kwa mawonekedwe a geometric ndi miyeso imatsimikiziridwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito laser kudula pamakina a CNC. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti zinthu zowongolera thupi sizifunikira zowonjezera.
3. ntchito kuwotcherera ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi maloboti. Zotsatira zake ndi msoko wokhazikika womwe umapereka kulumikizana kodalirika komanso kokhazikika, kosalala mpaka kukhudza komanso kosawoneka bwino.
4. Kupaka ufa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya electrostatic, kotero wopanga amapereka chitsimikizo cha zaka zisanu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha kujambula bwino ziwalo zonse, ma depressions ndi malo ena obisika, ndipo kupaka sikutha ngakhale ndi dzimbiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira magalimoto.

DIY ikukonzekera Volkswagen Bora

Kusiyanasiyana kwa masitolo ogulitsa kumalola mwiniwake wa VW Bora kuti asinthe galimoto yake molingana ndi luso lake ndi zofuna zake.

Kusintha kwa chassis

VW Bora idzawoneka mwachilendo ngati chilolezocho chachepetsedwa ndi 25-35 mm ndikuyika akasupe olimba akutsogolo. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito ma electro adjustable shock absorbers. Izi zoziziritsa kukhosi zimakhala zapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo zimalola dalaivala kuti asinthe kuuma koyimitsidwa molunjika kuchokera kumalo okwera - ingoyikani chosinthira kupita ku chimodzi mwazinthu zitatu (zodziwikiratu, semi-automatic, manual). Kwa VW Bora, zotengera zowopsa za kampani ya Samara Sistema Tekhnologii, zopangidwa pansi pa dzina la SS 20, ndizoyenera. Kuziyika nokha ndikosavuta - muyenera kuchotsa rack wamba ndikusintha chotsitsa chotsitsa fakitale ndi SS 20 absorber shock. mu izo.

Pakuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa VW Bora, zotengera zamagetsi zosinthika zomwe zimapangidwa ndi Sistema Tekhnologii, zomwe zimagulitsidwa pawiri, ndizabwino.

Kuti musinthe ma shock absorbers mufunika:

• kiyi yapadera yokonza tsinde;
• mndandanda wa makiyi ndi mitu;
• screwdriwer set;
• jack.

Ntchito ikulimbikitsidwa kuchitidwa motere:

1. Kwezani mawilo akutsogolo ndi jack mpaka kutalika kwa 30-40 cm ndikuyimitsa.
2. Masulani mawilo onse awiri.
3. Tsegulani hood ndikukonza ndodo yotsekemera ndi kiyi yapadera.
4. Masulani mtedza womangirira ndi wrench ndikuchotsa chochapira chojambula.
5. Chotsani makina ochapira zitsulo ndi mphira wa rabara ku ndodo yochotsa mantha.
   

   Kuti mutetezeke, mukamasula mtedza kuti muteteze choyikapo, gwiritsani ntchito jack.
6. Ikani jack pansi pa nyumba yotsekereza.
7. Masulani mtedza uwiriwo kuti muteteze chotsekereza chotsekereza ku habu ndi ku bulaketi yamkono kuchokera pansi.
8. Chotsani jack ndikutulutsa mosamala msonkhano wa A-pillar.

Electronic adjustable shock absorbers amaikidwa kutsogolo (kumanja) ndi kumbuyo (kumanzere) mtanda awiriawiri.

Chingwe chatsopano chokhala ndi chotsitsa chosinthika pakompyuta chimayikidwa motsatira dongosolo. Izi zisanachitike, muyenera kutambasula chingwe kuchokera ku chowombera chodzidzimutsa kudzera mu chipinda cha injini ndi gawo lakutsogolo kulowa mkati mwagalimoto.

Video: m'malo mwa struts ndi akasupe Volkswagen Golf 3

Injini ikukonzekera - kukhazikitsa chotenthetsera

M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, injini ya VW Bora nthawi zambiri imayamba movutikira. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikuyika chowotcha chamagetsi chotsika mtengo chogwiritsa ntchito pamanja, choyendetsedwa ndi netiweki yapanyumba.

Zotenthetsera zamagetsi "Severs-M" zopangidwa ndi kampani yapakhomo "Mtsogoleri" zithandizira kuyambitsa injini ya VW Bora mu chisanu choopsa kwambiri.

Kwa VW Bora, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kusankha zowotchera kuchokera kumakampani aku Russia Mtsogoleri, Severs-M ndi Start-M. Zida zotsika mphamvuzi zimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndipo zimakwanira pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya Volkswagen. Kukhazikitsa chowotcha nokha ndikosavuta. Izi zidzafuna:

• makiyi akhazikitsidwa;
• screwdriver kwa kumangitsa clamps;
• mpeni wakuthwa wodula manja;
• 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ozizira;
• chidebe chothira chozizira.

Zomwe machitidwe akuchita ndi izi:

1. Ikani galimoto pa dzenje lowonera kapena muyiyendetse pa chokwera.
2. Chotsani choziziritsa kukhosi.
3. Chotsani batire, fyuluta ya mpweya ndi mpweya.
4. Gwirizanitsani bulaketi yoyikira ku chotenthetsera.
5. Dulani malaya 16x25 kuchokera ku zida kukhala magawo - kutalika kwa 250 mm, kutalika - 350 mm.
6. Konzani zigawozo ndi zomangira pa mapaipi otenthetsera ofanana.
7. Ikani kasupe mu chitoliro choyamwa.
   

   Chotenthetsera chimayikidwa ndi chitoliro cha nthambi mmwamba, ndipo bulaketi yake imakhazikika pa bolt yoyika gearbox ku injini.
8. Ikani chotenthetsera ndi bulaketi chopingasa ndi chitoliro chotuluka pamwamba pa bawuti ya gearbox. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, onetsetsani kuti sichikhudza ziwalo zosuntha ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu.
   

   Chingwe cha 16x16 chimayikidwa mu gawo la payipi yolumikizira thanki yokulirapo ndi chingwe chokokera cha mpope wamadzi.
9. Chotsani payipi ya thanki yokulirapo kuchokera potulutsira chitoliro, dulani 20 mm kuchokera pamenepo ndikuyika 16x16 tee.
10. Valani chidutswa chotsalira cha manja 16x25 60 mm kutalika pa tee.
11. Kanikizani payipi ya thanki yokulitsa ndi tee papaipi yoyamwa. Mbali yam'mbali ya tee iyenera kulunjika ku chotenthetsera.
    

    Udindo wa tee 19x16 ndi nthambi yolunjika kumbuyo kwa injini
12. Dulani payipi ya antifreeze ku chotenthetsera chamkati, ikani zingwe kumapeto kwake ndikuyika tepi ya 19x16. Nthambi yam'mbali ya tee iyenera kulunjika kutali ndi injini.
    

    Malo a dzanja lolowera la chotenthetsera
13. Ikani cholowera cholowera kuchokera ku chotenthetsera ndi chomangira pachotulutsa cha tee 16x16. Limbikitsani clamp.
    

    Malo a manja otuluka ndi kukonza zinthu zoteteza
14. Ikani manja anu kuchokera ku chotenthetsera ndi chomangira pachotulutsa cha tee 19x16. Limbikitsani clamp.
15. Valani zodzitchinjiriza kuchokera pa zida zomwe zili pamanja ndikuzikonza pamalo okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa madyedwe.
16. Thirani antifreeze mu dongosolo lozizira. Yang'anani maulumikizi onse kuti muwone ngati zatuluka. Ngati kutulutsa kwa antifreeze kwapezeka, chitanipo kanthu moyenera.
17. Lumikizani chotenthetsera ku mains ndikuyang'ana ntchito yake.

Thupi ikukonzekera - kukhazikitsa zitseko sills

Zinthu zokonzera thupi nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa ndi malangizo atsatanetsatane, omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti poika zida za thupi pathupi, azitsatira malamulo awa:

1. Ntchito ziyenera kuchitika kokha pa kutentha kuchokera +18 mpaka +30^оC.
2. Kwa ntchito, ndi zofunika kukonzekera malo oyera pamthunzi. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi garaja. Zomatira zamitundu iwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumata zokutirazo zimauma mkati mwa tsiku limodzi. Choncho, sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto panthawiyi.

Kuti muyike zokutira mudzafunika:

1. Zomatira zamagulu awiri a epoxy.
2. Zosungunulira kwa degreasing unsembe malo.
3. Chotsani chiguduli kapena nsalu kuchotsa litsiro.
4. Burashi posakaniza ndi kusanja zigawo zomatira.

Malangizo atsatanetsatane amaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi.

Mukayika mapepala pagalimoto yagalimoto, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo omwe ali mu zida.

Kukonza mkati

Mukakonza magawo osiyanasiyana agalimoto, muyenera kumamatira kumayendedwe omwewo. Pokonza mkati mwa VW Bora, pali zida zapadera zogulitsa, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa ndi chaka chopangidwa ndi zida zagalimoto.

Mkati akukhamukira

Akatswiri oyenerera okha ndi omwe angasinthire zida zamtundu uliwonse kapena gulu lonse ndi zosankha zamakono komanso zapamwamba.

Kuthamanga kwa gulu lakutsogolo, chiwongolero, mapanelo a zitseko kumapereka mkati mwa VW Bora mawonekedwe oyengeka komanso olemekezeka.

Ndi manja anu, mutha kusintha kuwunikira kwa zida ndikupanga kukhamukira, ndiye kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira zaubweya pamalo apulasitiki okonzedwa ndi nsalu zowirira kapena matabwa. Akamanena za akukhamukira ntchito kumunda electrostatic kuika vertically pafupi wina ndi mzake wapadera villi wa kukula chomwecho. Kwa magalimoto, gulu lokhala ndi kutalika kwa 0,5 mpaka 2 mm lamitundu yosiyanasiyana limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti mutsegule mudzafunika:

1. Flocator.
   

   Chombo cha flokator chimaphatikizapo chopopera, chipangizo chopangira malo osasunthika ndi zingwe zolumikiza chipangizocho ku netiweki ndi pamwamba kuti apake penti.
2. Nkhumba (pafupifupi 1 kg).
3. Zomatira zamapulasitiki AFA400, AFA11 kapena AFA22.
4. Choumitsira tsitsi
5. Burashi popaka guluu.

Gawo ndi pang'onopang'ono akukhamukira aligorivimu

Ndondomeko yoweta ndi motere.

1. Sankhani chipinda chofunda, chowala chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
2. Chotsani ndi disassemble chinthu cha mkati mwa kanyumba, amene kukonzedwa.
3. Tsukani chinthu chomwe chachotsedwa ndikuchotsa ku dothi ndi fumbi ndi degrease.
4. Sungunulani zomatira ndikuwonjezera utoto kuti muwongolere makulidwe a zomatira.
5. Ikani guluu pamwamba pa gawolo molingana ndi burashi.
6. Thirani gululo mu flocator.
7. Gwirani ntchito wosanjikiza wa guluu ndi waya ndi ng'ona.
   

   Pamwamba pambuyo akukhamukira mankhwala amakhala velvety kukhudza ndi amawoneka wokongola kwambiri.
8. Khazikitsani mphamvu yomwe mukufuna, tembenuzirani ndikuyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mutagwira flocator pamtunda wa 10-15 masentimita kuchokera pamwamba.
9. Chotsani gulu lambiri ndi chowumitsira tsitsi.
10. Ikani wosanjikiza wotsatira.

Video: kukhamukira

https://youtube.com/watch?v=tFav9rEuXu0

Magalimoto aku Germany amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudalirika, mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri, kumasuka kwa ntchito komanso kukhudzidwa kwa chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera. Volkswagen Bora ili ndi zabwino zonsezi. Mu 2016 ndi 2017, idapangidwa pansi pa dzina la VW Jetta ndipo idayambitsidwa ku msika waku Russia mu gawo la magalimoto apamwamba komanso okwera mtengo ndi mtengo wa ma ruble 1200. Chitsanzochi chimapatsa eni mwayi waukulu wokonza. Ntchito zambiri zikhoza kuchitika nokha.