Mayeso pagalimoto Toyota Corolla
Kodi kunja kwa galasi ndi koyambirira, kapena Corolla wavala chovala cha wina? Akonzi a AvtoTachki adakangana kwakanthawi kowawa za kuwoneka kwa sedan yosinthidwa ndipo pamapeto pake adaganiza zokonza mayeso osayenerera
Takhala tikukangana kwanthawi yayitali zakunja kwa galasi la Corolla yomwe yasinthidwa kuti ithe pang'ono kukhala kazembe. Tsatanetsatane wochititsa chidwi kwambiri wa sedan yopumulirayo ndi mutu wama optics, womwe umapita ku grayator. Palibenso mizere yozizira komanso yotopetsa: yakuthwa ngati matenda a ma virus, kudula kutsogolo kwa bampala, zidindo zaopanda zitseko ndi zodzikongoletsera zam'mlengalenga - Corolla pamapeto pake adayamba kuvala bwino.
Aliyense wa ife adakhala sabata limodzi kuphatikiza kumapeto kwa sabata ndi galimoto yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo onse pofuna kuzindikira kuti: Corolla wonyezimira komanso wotsogola ndi wabwino, kapena sedani idaganiza zoyesa chigoba cha wina.
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Pakuwonetsa Corolla yosinthidwa mchilimwe, sindimatha kumvetsetsa zomwe zinali zovuta mgalimoto. Zikuwoneka kuti adayamba kuwoneka wokongola kwambiri kuposa kale, koma pakamwa pa bampalayo sipamveka momveka bwino, ndipo Optics idakhala mtundu wina wamagalasi mwadala. Mwambiri, kunja kwa Corolla kudatulukanso ku Japan ngakhale ku Moscow. Koma panjira, sedani yosinthidwa sakuwoneka ngati mlendo mtsogolo. Makamaka Nissan Murano akuyendetsa.
C-class sedan ndi yakale kwambiri pamsika waku Russia ngati minivan yayikulu. "Mukunena zowona? Ndiyenera kulipira chifukwa chiyani ngati ndingatenge Polo ndi zosankha zomwezo monga Jetta, koma 400 zotsika mtengo, "mnzanga wakale adayika zinthu zofunika kwambiri pamoyo wake ndipo nthawi yomweyo adalankhula za zifukwa zolephera zonse. kalasi ya gofu.
Kusiyanitsa konse ndikumverera. Ngakhale Corolla wamba (yemwe ali ndi injini ya 1,6) amayenda bwino kwambiri kuposa Polo GT iliyonse. Ndiwokhwima kwambiri, womvera kwambiri ndipo, pamapeto pake, adaleredwa bwino. Kuyankha molondola, kuyimitsidwa kolimba pamavampu komanso palibe zopeka pamsewu wadzikoli: Corolla imatha kuyenda mwachangu kwambiri ndipo sizisokoneza woyendetsa. Ndili ndi injini yakumapeto kwa 1,8 lita, yomwe idawonekera kutangochitika, Corolla adafanana ndi Honda Civic yomwe idachoka chifukwa cha dollar yoyipa. Inde, ndizovuta kale kuti mupeze ma liwiro othamanga ndi injini ya mumlengalenga, koma polinganiza bwino, Corolla uyu alibe wofanana.
M'kabuku kakang'ono kotsatsa, mawu oti "premium" abwerezedwa kangapo poyerekeza ndi Toyota sedan, koma sindinawone kusintha kulikonse m'kanyumbako. Apa panayang'ana chinsalu chachikulu komanso chowoneka bwino kwambiri chokhala ndi mabatani okhudza, gawo loyang'anira nyengo lidasinthidwa, ndipo chowonera mitundu pamakompyuta adakwera pa dashboard. Zina zonse zimayang'aniridwa ndi pulasitiki yolimba komanso mabatani achikale amakona anayi.
Corolla ndiye chitsanzo chabwino cha galimoto yomwe ingakusangalatseni. Inde, sichimasangalatsa ndimphamvu zake, sichipereka zosankha zoyambirira, ndipo ngakhale sichitha kudzitama ndi kuthekera kwakukulu. Kupatula apo, Corolla samadzikonda yekha. Ndiwouma mtima komanso wolondola. Koma m'zaka zingapo, kupezeka kwa sedan kumapangitsa mafani azosinkhasinkha za Germany. Ichi ndi njira yachisangalalo ku Japan.
Ngakhale kuti Toyota Corolla adangopulumuka pa restyling, osati kusintha kwa m'badwo, akatswiri aku Japan adakonzanso bwino gawo lazoyendetsa. Corolla imakhazikitsidwa papulatifomu yomwe idalipo kale: ndimizere ya C-class McPherson kutsogolo ndi mtengo wodziyimira kumbuyo. Chachikulu kusiyana poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa pre-makongoletsedwe ali m'malo amakankhira pamagetsi, omwe alimbanso kwambiri. Pofuna kugwiritsira ntchito, zidutswa zopanda phokoso za kuyimitsidwa, komanso zolimba zolimbitsa, zasinthidwa.
Kapangidwe ka thupi sikunasinthe: zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zokhala ndi zida zambiri zowotcherera zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito. Izi zimapatsa Corolla zina zoyeserera bwino kwambiri pagawo. Ndikulemera kwazitsulo, zinthu sizili zoyipa: ngakhale osagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyumu ndi ma alloys opepuka pomanga, sedan yoyambira imalemera pafupifupi matani 1,2.
Pambuyo pobwezeretsa, injini yatsopano ya 1,8-lita (140 horsepower) idawonekera mu mzere wa Corolla waku Russia. Injini yamlengalenga imaphatikizidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kosalekeza. Mutha kuyitanitsa Corolla ndi injini ziwiri, zomwe zinali ndi mitundu isanachitike ya sedan. Iyi ndi injini ya 1,3-litre yolakalaka mwachilengedwe (99 hp) ndi gawo lolakalaka mwachilengedwe lomwe lili ndi malita 1,6 (122 ndiyamphamvu). Otsatirawa akhoza kukhala ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi chosinthira.
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Kufewa. Uku ndiye kumverera komwe kumaphimba Corolla ngakhale musanakhale ndi nthawi yokhalamo. Ndinayendetsa galimotoyi kwa nthawi yoyamba mchilimwe, koma zokonda zidatsalira, ndipo pansi pa chipale chofewa cha Moscow m'malo ofunda zimangowonjezereka. "Chitofu" chimachita phokoso mwakachetechete ndi fani, chipale chofewa chomwe chimagwa chimasungunuka mwachangu pazenera lakutentha, mipando yofewa yolandirira okwera modekha, ndipo manja amakhala pampando wowongolera wofunda. Sindikufuna kudziwa ngati pali injini ya 1,6 kapena 1,8 lita pano. Galimoto imayendetsa, imayenda bwino kwambiri, ndipo pa lever chosinthira ndimangogwiritsa ntchito maudindo D, R ndi P. chosinthira chimatha kutengera magiya asanu ndi limodzi, koma palibe chisangalalo chachikulu pakuchita izi. "Kuterera" kwakukulu kwambiri ndikololedwa ndi bokosilo, ndipo kukankhako kumawoneka kuti kwakhazikika mwa iwo. Ndiosavuta komanso yodalirika mu "drive", pomwe chosinthacho chimayambira bwino kuchokera pamalo ndikulola, potembenuza injini kuti ikhale phokoso, kuti ifike pazomwe zimathamanga.
Ndimakonda kufewetsa kumeneko, ngakhale kwakukulu Corolla si mtundu wanga wamagalimoto konse. M'gawo la gofu, ndimawakonda kwambiri Skoda Octavia, yemwe kubwezeretsanso kwake kopikisana kumawapangitsa kukhala akatswiri kwambiri. Toyota munjira imeneyi nthawi zonse zimawoneka mopanda tanthauzo: pambuyo pamagalimoto ogwirizana achisanu ndi chinayi, aku Japan nthawi ndi nthawi amapeza zokongoletsa zowoneka bwino zakunja, pomwe zinali zachikale mkati komanso zopanda luso pakuyendetsa. Ndipo kokha kubwezeretsa kwa m'badwo wa khumi ndi chimodzi mwadzidzidzi kunabweretsa zonse mu mzere: galasi losalala lakunja limawoneka ngati lamakono komanso lotsogola ukadaulo, pomwe likugwirizana bwino ndi mawonekedwe ofunda amkati ndi mayendedwe ofewa.
Sindinganenepo za kusayenda bwino kwa Corolla, chifukwa m'masiku a Chaka Chatsopano ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto awo, bizinesi yosamalizidwa komanso nyengo yovuta, ndimafuna kupumula mgalimoto kuposa kale. Ndipo zinali mmenemo momwe ndimaganizira pafupipafupi zaukadaulo wopanda umunthu. Koma ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukufunikirabe chiwongolero m'manja mwanu ndikuyang'anitsitsa panjira, mayendedwe abwinobwino amathandizira thupi. Chepetsani pang'ono zida, kulumikiza foni kuma media media kudzera pa Bluetooth, kuyatsa audiobook ndi chiwembu cholimba - ndikusinthasintha modekha "gasi" ndi mabuleki, kuwuluka kuchokera ku traffic traffic kupita ku light traffic. Nyimbo yabwino kwambiri ya Toyota Corolla. Sindingathe kuwomba zala zanga pazenera lazowonera - chisokonezo chilichonse muufumu wamtenderewu komanso chitonthozo chimayambitsa chisokonezo.
Poyimika m'mawa, Corolla wokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa komanso wonyansa pang'ono amawoneka wopanda mawonekedwe, koma chinthu choyamba chomwe ndimachita ndikutsuka mosazindikira kumapeto kwa galasi. Anachita bwino ndipo amatha kusangalatsidwa. Nkhope yakunyinyirika imatuluka mwachangu ndikumenyedwa ndi burashi - galimoto sikufunanso kulowa m'matope omata a kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ku Moscow, koma ndikudziwa motsimikiza kuti adzakhala ndi mwayi osatsamwa. Mwachiwonekere, chifukwa cha galimotoyi ndi chikondi - moona mtima, kwa mibadwo yonse, ine Corolla wina, wina waposachedwa. Inenso, ndimakopeka ndi kufatsa kumeneku, koma patatha masiku angapo ndikufulumira kunyamuka - kukhazikika kwadala kumeneku kusanandipsetse mtima ndikuyamba kundikwiyitsa.
Msika waku Russia, Toyota Corolla imagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika $ 12. Idzakhala sedan mu mtundu wa "Standard" wokhala ndi injini yamahatchi 964 ndi "makina". Mndandanda wazida zofunikira za Corolla zikuphatikiza zowongolera mpweya, ma airbags awiri, mipando yotenthetsera komanso makina omvera olankhulira anayi.
Mitengo ya Toyota yokhala ndi injini ya 1,6-lita ndi gearbox yoyeseza mu Classic trim range imayamba pa $ 14, pomwe sedan yokhala ndi injini yomweyo koma ndi CVT imawononga $ 415 osachepera. Mumtundu wotchuka wa Comfort, mutha kuyitanitsa Corolla $ 14. ndi "makina" komanso $ 903 yokhala ndi chosinthira. Zipangizo za sedan iyi imaphatikizaponso ma airbags ammbali, mawilo a aloyi, magetsi a LED, magetsi a utsi, kutenthetsera gudumu ndi makina azamagetsi okhala ndi oyankhula sikisi.
Toyota Corolla yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi yomwe ili ndi injini ya 1,8 litre (140 hp) pakusintha kwa Prestige. Imakhala ndi ma Optics athunthu, zowongolera nyengo ziwiri, magalasi opinda magetsi, kamera yakumbuyo, masensa oyimilira kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo komanso makina olowera opanda zingwe. Achijapani amayerekezera sedan iyi $ 17.
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Nditasankha galimoto yanga yoyamba, ndimalota za Toyota Corolla kwambiri. Kalelo, misika yamagalimoto komanso zotsatsa zinali zodzaza ndi zida zam'badwo wachisanu ndi chiwiri za mtunduwo - china chomwe chidachoka pamsonkhano mu 1991 ndikupambana mphotho ya ADAC ngati galimoto yodalirika koyamba. Ndinkakonda achijapani ndi injini yake yamphamvu yokwera mahatchi 114 ndipo, koposa zonse, kapangidwe kake, kamene kanali kapamwamba kwambiri komanso kamakono.
Mbadwo wa khumi ndi chimodzi Corolla, zachidziwikire, ulibe kanthu kofanana ndi womwe ndimalota. Komabe kutulutsidwa kwa mitundu iwiriyi kuli pafupifupi zaka 25 popanda. Inde, ndipo malangizo kwaopanga nthawi ino, zikuwoneka, anali osiyana: kupanga mawonekedwe amakono kwambiri, momwe mtundu wakale - Camry adzaganiziridwa nthawi yomweyo. Kufanana kwa sedan yamabizinesi kumaonekera makamaka kumbuyo. Kutsogolo kwake kuli nyali zowoneka bwino za LED ndi grill yocheperako. Kupanga koteroko kukadakhala koyenera kutengera lingaliro zaka zisanu zapitazo. Zolimba pang'ono, koma zimakopa chidwi, chomwe ndi mafuta kuphatikiza pa galimoto ya C.
Mkati, zonse zimakongoletsedwanso ndi zomwe akuti. Pulasitiki, zachidziwikire, sichofewabe, koma mkatimo amawoneka amakono kwambiri, ngakhale osaganiziridwa kwathunthu. Mwachitsanzo, zowonera pazenera zokongola za multimedia, ndizowala kwambiri kotero kuti zimapeza zolemba zala patsiku lachiwiri logwiritsa ntchito.
Kenako, zaka 16 zapitazo, ndinalibe ndalama zokwanira Corolla: mitundu yonse yomwe inali yabwino idawononga kuposa momwe ndikadakwanitsira. Ndinayenera kuyima pa Hyundai Lantra wazaka 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ambiri akumananso ndi vuto lofananalo ngakhale pano. $ 17 - mtengo wotsika wosankha womwe tidali nawo pamayeso. Zokwera mtengo kwambiri ngati mwakhala zaka zitatu zapitazi mukukomoka ndipo simunapeze mitengo yamagalimoto. Muzochitika zamakono, ndizabwinobwino, makamaka poganizira injini yamahatchi 290, chosinthira chabwino chogwira ntchito limodzi, ndikuyimitsidwa bwino.
Toyota Corolla ndiye galimoto yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa zaka zopitilira 50 zakukhalapo kwa mtunduwo, wagulitsa magalimoto opitilira 40 miliyoni. Galimotoyo ikugulitsidwa m'misika 115, ndipo ku Russia, Corolla ili ndi zombo zazikulu kwambiri mu C-se, zomwe zili ndi magalimoto opitilira 600 zikwi.
Mbadwo woyamba Corolla udayamba mu Ogasiti 1966. Komanso, chitsanzocho chinayamba kupangidwa ndi matupi awiri nthawi imodzi: sedan ndi zitseko zitatu. Kuyambira zaka zoyambirira pomwe Corolla adakhalapo, adadziwika kwambiri: adaperekedwa kumayiko atatu. Olowa m'malo mwa "woyamba" Corolla adayamba zaka zinayi kutengera m'badwo woyamba wachitsanzo. Model analandira latsopano, injini wamphamvu kwambiri ndi thupi lina - Coupe. Corolla III idatuluka mu 1974, ndipo ndi m'badwo uwu womwe udayamba kugulitsidwa ku Europe. Chitsanzocho sichinakhale chogulitsidwa kwambiri mu Dziko Lakale - chinali chokwera mtengo kuposa anzawo am'kalasi ndipo anali otsika kwa iwo munjira zambiri, kuphatikiza kutakata.
Corolla "wachinayi" adatuluka kumapeto kwa 1981, ndipomwe mbiri yakale ya mtunduwu ku Russia imayamba: koyambirira mpaka m'ma 1990, Corollas adayamba kutumizidwa kuchokera ku Europe ndi Japan. M'badwo wachisanu udayamba zaka zitatu pambuyo pake. Inali ndi injini za dizilo, koma nthawi yomweyo Corolla adasiya kupanga sitima yapamtunda, yomwe anthu aku Europe amakonda. Zotsekera zitatu ndi zisanu zokhotakhota, komanso sedan, zidatsalira pamzerewu.
M'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi Corolla adawonekera koyambirira kwa 1988. M'badwo uwu umakumbukiridwa chifukwa chakuti umachokera pa nsanja yamagudumu oyenda kutsogolo. Toyota adagwiritsanso ntchito zomangamanga chimodzimodzi m'mbuyomu, koma zosintha zamagudumu ammbuyo zidatsalira pamzere wamsonkhano. Mu 1991, Corolla wotsatira, "wachisanu ndi chiwiri" adatuluka, wopangidwa mwanjira yaku Europe kwambiri. M'badwo wachisanu ndi chitatu udayamba kuwonekera patadutsa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi theka - nthawi yayikulu ya Corolla, yomwe yaphunzitsa dziko lapansi kusintha mwachangu. Anakwiya chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake otsutsana, koma izi sizinakhudze kutchuka kwake mwanjira iliyonse. Mwa njira, zinali kuchokera m'badwo wachisanu ndi chitatu pomwe Corolla adayamba kugulitsidwa ku Russia.
M'badwo wachisanu ndi chinayi pomaliza pake udalandira zida zolemera ndi injini zamphamvu: m'mitundu yayikulu ya Corolla, anali ndi ma injini a 213-akavalo. Woyendetsa m'malo mwake adalowa mu msonkhano mu 2006 ndipo nthawi yomweyo adayamba kukondana ndi azungu chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka: Corolla sanawoneke ngati wamkulu tsopano. Chitsanzocho chinapangidwa, kuphatikizapo galimoto, koma ku Russia kunali kokha kokha. Corolla hatchback, yomwe inali yofunika kwambiri ku Europe, idasankhidwa ngati mtundu wina - Auris.
Corolla wapano, "khumi ndi chimodzi" adawonekera mu 2012, koma adawonekera m'misika ingapo, kuphatikizapo yaku Russia, chaka chotsatira.
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Mavuto amafuta kamodzi adathandizira Corolla wotsika mtengo komanso wachuma kugonjetsa msika waku America. Tsopano Corolla ndiye galimoto yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, koma ku Russia yataya utsogoleri, ngakhale gawo la magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Dola lofooka lidagula molimbika C-Class, makamaka magalimoto ochokera kunja. Sizothandiza kutsutsana za mtengo ndi omwe amagulitsa kwambiri gawo laling'ono "B". Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupita kulipira. Ndi zomwe Toyota adaganiza.
Kupindika kwa nyali, kumwetulira kwa mpweya wotsika - zochepa chabe, ndipo Corolla amapita mbali yoyipa. Ndizotheka kuti ena mwa ngwazi za gawo lotsatira la Star Wars adzayesa chigoba cha Toyota.
Pagulu lakumaso, lomwe limakhala ndimitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pali china - chikopa chofewa cholukidwa. Makina ozungulira owoneka bwino ozungulira m'mbali mwake ndi ofanana ndi makina amagetsi oyendetsa ndege. Chiongolero chili ndi chikopa ndipo tsopano chikuyaka. M'malo momwazikana mabatani azaka zapitazi, pali gulu loyenera komanso lamakono lowongolera nyengo lokhala ndi mafungulo a rocker. Mawindo onse amagetsi tsopano ali ndi njira zodziwikiratu - kupambana kwakukulu.
Dongosolo la multimedia lomwe lili ndi mabatani olumikizira lakhala gawo limodzi lokhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino. Koma palibe chilichonse chapadera choti muwone pazenera lalikulu, kupatula kanema kuchokera kamera yoyang'ana kumbuyo. Kusanthula kwa "Corolla" sikuperekedwa kwenikweni.
Toyota sichidzakhala yokha ngati sichipulumutsa. Apaulendo akumbuyo amangokhala ndi malo owoneka bwino komanso malo ogona omwe ali nawo: palibe mipando yotentha kapena mipiringidzo yowonjezerapo pano. Ndipo jombo upholstery ndi yopepuka komanso yotsika mtengo.
Zonsezi ndizokayikitsa kuti zisinthe kwambiri mawonekedwe omaliza: galimoto yakhala yotsika mtengo, yowala bwino komanso yabwino. Kuphatikiza chifukwa cholimbitsa kutsekemera kwamawu ndi kuyimitsidwa koyambiranso. Ulendowu ndiwosangalatsa ngakhale phula losweka. Malo olowera pamsewu akuthwa amawonekera bwino, koma iyi ndi mtengo wolipira poyendetsa, yomwe idawonjezeranso. Pazokhumba zoyendetsa izi, pamafunika mota yamphamvu kwambiri, koma apa chisankho sichabwino. Makina apamwamba a 140 hp, omwe adawonekera pambuyo pa zosinthazo, akuwoneka bwino, makamaka popeza kuti opitilira 30 okha ndi omwe azilipira. Imapereka mphamvu zovomerezeka, komabe imagwirabe ntchito limodzi ndi CVT, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale mutayesetsa motani, kupititsa patsogolo kumakhala kosalala. Komabe, kwa nyengo yozizira yoterera, khalidweli ndiloyenera kwambiri.
Mtundu wapamwamba wa Corolla umawononga $ 17. Komanso, tikulankhula za galimoto yokhala ndi nsalu mkati ndi mawilo a 950-inchi. Koma mumakhala mu kanyumba ka Toyota kachete, kofatsa komanso modabwitsa ndipo mumazolowera kuganiza za C-class sedan yotsika miliyoni ndi theka.
| Toyota Corolla | ||
| Mtundu | Sedani | |
| Makulidwe (kutalika / m'lifupi / kutalika), mm | 4620 / 1775 / 1465 | |
| Mawilo, mm | 2700 | |
| Chilolezo pansi, mm | 150 | |
| Kukula kwa thunthu | 452 | |
| Kulemera kwazitsulo, kg | 1260 | |
| mtundu wa injini | Mafuta, R4 | |
| Ntchito buku, kiyubiki mamita cm. | 1797 | |
| Max. mphamvu, hp (pa rpm) | 140 / 6400 | |
| Max. ozizira. mphindi, nm (pa rpm) | 173 / 4000 | |
| Mtundu wamagalimoto, kufalitsa | Kutsogolo, kusiyanasiyana | |
| Max. liwiro, km / h | 195 | |
| Mathamangitsidwe kuchokera 0 mpaka 100 Km / h, s | 10,2 | |
| Avereji ya mafuta, l / 100 km | 6,4 | |
| Mtengo kuchokera, $. | 17 290 |
