Wogwira ntchito molimbika komanso wodalirika wa Volkswagen Transporter
Zamkatimu
Volkswagen Transporter inabadwa kwa Dutchman Ben Pon, yemwe anali ndi chidziwitso chakuti galimoto yodziwika bwino yonyamula katundu waung'ono kapena gulu la anthu okwera ndege ingakhale yoyenera kwambiri pambuyo pa nkhondo ya ku Ulaya. Ben Pon anapereka maganizo ake, mothandizidwa ndi kuwerengetsera koyambirira kwa uinjiniya, kwa CEO wa Volkswagen Heinrich Nordhof, ndipo kumapeto kwa 1949, zidalengezedwa kuti ntchito idayamba pakupanga galimoto yatsopano panthawiyo - Volkswagen Transporter. Olembawo anatsindika kwambiri zachilendo cha chitsanzo chawo chatsopano, chomwe chinali chakuti chipinda chonyamula katundu cha galimotoyo chinali pakati pa ma axles, ndiko kuti, katundu pa milatho nthawi zonse anali wodalirika, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa galimoto. katundu. Kale mu 1950, woyamba siriyo T1, amene pa nthawi imeneyo ankatchedwa Kleinbus, anapeza eni ake.
Zofunikira za Volkswagen Transporter
Pakukhalapo kwake (ndipo izi siziri, zosaposa zaka pafupifupi 70), Volkswagen Transporter yadutsa mibadwo isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo pofika chaka cha 2018 imapezeka m'magulu ochepetsetsa ndi mitundu inayi ya thupi:
- kastenwagen - zonse zitsulo van;
- combi - galimoto yonyamula katundu;
- fahrgestell - chitseko cha zitseko ziwiri kapena zinayi;
- pritschenwagen - kujambula.
Galimoto yokhala ndi index ya T6 idaperekedwa kwa anthu wamba mu 2015 ku Amsterdam. Volkswagen sanasinthe mwambo wake wosasintha kusintha kwa m'badwo wotsatira: geometry ya thupi imapangidwa ndi mizere yowongoka, zambiri zapangidwe ndizokhazikika, koma galimotoyo imawoneka yokongola komanso yolimba. Okonzawo adasunga mawonekedwe amakampani a Volkswagen, akuphatikizana ndi mawonekedwe a Transporter ndi zinthu zalaconic chrome, zowunikira zowunikira, magawo omwe amaganiziridwa pang'ono kwambiri. Kuwoneka kwasinthidwa pang'ono, magudumu a magudumu akulitsidwa, magalasi akunja asinthidwa. Kumbuyoko, chidwi chimakopeka ndi galasi lalikulu lamakona anayi, nyali zoyima, bampu yamphamvu yokongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe owala.
Mkati ndi kunja kwa VW Transporter
VW Transporter T6 Kombi yosunthika ili ndi ma wheelbase awiri ndi ma denga atatu. Mkati mwa T6 tinganene kuti kwambiri ergonomic ndi zinchito, opangidwa mu kalembedwe makampani Volkswagen.. Chiwongolero chowongolera katatu chimakwirira chida chomveka bwino komanso chachifupi, chokhala ndi chiwonetsero cha 6,33-inch. Kuphatikiza pa zida zamagetsi, gululi lili ndi zipinda zambiri ndi ma niches amitundu yonse yazinthu zazing'ono. Salon ndi yotakata, ubwino wa zipangizo zomaliza ndi zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zimayambirapo.
Kusintha kofunikira kwa minibus kumapereka malo okhala okwera 9, mtundu wokulirapo ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi mipando ina iwiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mipando ikhoza kuthyoledwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa katundu wa galimoto. The tailgate ili ndi pafupi kwambiri ndipo imatha kupangidwa ngati chivundikiro chokweza kapena zitseko zomangika. Chitseko cholowera chakumbali chaperekedwa kwa okwera. Chombo cha gear chasintha malo ake ndipo tsopano chimangiriridwa pansi pa console.
Zina mwa zosankha zomwe mtundu woyambira wagalimoto uli ndi:
- glazing matenthedwe dongosolo chitetezo;
- mphira pansi;
- Kutentha kwamkati ndi zowotchera kumbuyo;
- nyali zowunikira ndi nyali za halogen;
- chiwongolero cha mphamvu;
- ESP - dongosolo la kukhazikika kwa mtengo wosinthanitsa;
- ABS - anti-lock braking system;
- ASR - dongosolo lomwe limalepheretsa kutsetsereka;
- kuwala kwachitatu;
- obwerezabwereza;
- Air Thumba - airbag pa mpando woyendetsa.
Powonjezerapo, mutha kuyitanitsanso:
- kulamulira nyengo zonse;
- kuyendetsa maulendo apanja;
- Thandizo la Park;
- kulepheretsa;
- kayendedwe kazitsulo;
- magetsi odziwongolera okha;
- kugundana mabuleki;
- multifunction chiwongolero;
- mipando yakutsogolo yotenthetsera;
- magalasi akunja osinthika ndi magetsi;
- dalaivala kutopa kuyang'anira dongosolo.
Ndinadzigulira Volkswagen Transporter chaka chapitacho ndipo ndidakondwera ndi minivan yokhazikika iyi. Kumeso kwa kunena’mba, nadi Polo, inoko kwadi kujokejibwa mu kisaka (mwana wa bubidi). Tinaganiza kuti inali nthawi yokweza galimoto yathu kuti ikhale yabwino komanso yolingalira bwino pamaulendo apabanja anthawi yayitali. Mkazi wanga ndi ine tinazitenga mu kasinthidwe 2.0 TDI 4Motion L2 pa mafuta a dizilo. Ngakhale poganizira zovuta za mmene zinthu zinalili m’misewu ya ku Russia, ndinakhutira ndi kuyendetsa galimoto. Mipando yabwino, dongosolo kulamulira nyengo, kuchuluka kwa yosungirako (anapita pa ulendo 3 milungu ndi ana) ndithudi anasangalala. Chotsatira chake, ndinakwera mokondwera, kuyendetsa galimoto yotereyi yokhala ndi 6-liwiro gearbox imasiya maonekedwe osangalatsa, ndinakondwera ndi ntchito yoyang'anira machitidwe onse a galimoto: mumamva galimotoyo pa 100%, ngakhale miyeso yake ndi ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, woyendetsa sitimayo samawotcha mafuta ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aziyenda maulendo ataliatali nthawi zonse.
Makulidwe a VW Transporter
Ngati za VW Transporter Kombi chitsanzo, pali njira zingapo kamangidwe galimoto iyi, malinga ndi kukula wheelbase ndi kutalika kwa denga. Wheelbase ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono (3000 mm) ndi yayikulu (3400 mm), kutalika kwa denga ndi muyezo, sing'anga ndi wamkulu. Mwa kuphatikiza kuphatikizika kwa miyeso iyi, mutha kusankha njira yoyenera kwambiri nokha.. Okwana kutalika kwa Volkswagen Transporter kungakhale kuchokera 4904 mamilimita 5304 mm, m'lifupi - kuchokera 1904 mamilimita 2297 mm, kutalika - kuchokera 1990 mamilimita 2477 mm.
Voliyumu ya boot ya mtundu wamba wa Kombi imatha kukulitsidwa mpaka 9,3 m3 pochotsa mipando yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtundu wonyamula katundu wa Kombi/Doka umapereka mipando 6 yonyamula katundu komanso chipinda chonyamula katundu chokhala ndi voliyumu ya 3,5 mpaka 4,4 m3. Tanki yamafuta imakhala ndi malita 80. Kukhoza kunyamula galimoto ndi mu osiyanasiyana 800-1400 makilogalamu.
Mphamvu
Mu 2018, VW Transporter idzakhala ndi imodzi mwa injini zitatu za dizilo kapena ziwiri za petulo. Ma injini onse awiri-lita, dizilo mphamvu 102, 140 ndi 180 HP. ndi., mafuta - 150 ndi 204 malita. Ndi. Dongosolo loperekera mafuta m'magawo a dizilo ndi jakisoni wachindunji, mu injini zamafuta jekeseni ndi jekeseni wamafuta ogawidwa amaperekedwa. Mtundu wa petulo - A95. Avereji mafuta kusinthidwa zofunika 2,0MT ndi malita 6,7 pa 100 Km.
Table: specifications luso la zosintha zosiyanasiyana VW Transporter
| mbali | 2,0MT dizilo | 2,0 AMT dizilo | 2,0AMT dizilo 4x4 | 2,0MT petulo | 2,0 AMT petulo |
| Voliyumu ya injini, l | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 |
| Mphamvu ya injini, hp ndi. | 102 | 140 | 180 | 150 | 204 |
| Torque, Nm/rev. pamphindi | 250/2500 | 340/2500 | 400/2000 | 280/3750 | 350/4000 |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Makonzedwe a masilindala | motsatana | motsatana | motsatana | motsatana | motsatana |
| Mavavu pa yamphamvu iliyonse | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Gearbox | 5MKPP | 7 kufala kwadzidzidzi | 7-liwiro loboti | 6MKPP | 7-liwiro loboti |
| Actuator | kutsogolo | kutsogolo | malizitsani | kutsogolo | kutsogolo |
| Mabuleki kumbuyo | chimbale | chimbale | chimbale | chimbale | chimbale |
| Mabuleki kutsogolo | mpweya wokwanira | mpweya wokwanira | mpweya wokwanira | mpweya wokwanira | mpweya wokwanira |
| Kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika |
| Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika | palokha, masika |
| Liwiro lalikulu, km / h | 157 | 166 | 188 | 174 | 194 |
| Kuthamanga kwa 100 km/h, masekondi | 15,5 | 13,1 | 10,8 | 11,6 | 8,8 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, L pa 100 km (mzinda / msewu / wosakanikirana) | 8,3/5,8/6,7 | 10,2/6,7/8,0 | 10,9/7,3/8,6 | 12,8/7,8/9,6 | 13,2/7,8/9,8 |
| Kutulutsa kwa CO2, g/km | 176 | 211 | 226 | 224 | 228 |
| Kutalika, m | 4,904 | 4,904 | 4,904 | 4,904 | 4,904 |
| Kutalika, m | 1,904 | 1,904 | 1,904 | 1,904 | 1,904 |
| Kutalika, m | 1,99 | 1,99 | 1,99 | 1,99 | 1,99 |
| gudumu, m | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Chilolezo cha pansi, cm | 20,1 | 20,1 | 20,1 | 20,1 | 20,1 |
| Kukula kwa gudumu | 205/65/R16 215/65/R16 215/60/R17 235/55/R17 255/45/R18 | 205/65/R16 215/65/R16 215/60/R17 235/55/R17 255/45/R18 | 205/65/R16 215/65/R16 215/60/R17 235/55/R17 255/45/R18 | 205/65/R16 215/65/R16 215/60/R17 235/55/R17 255/45/R18 | 205/65/R16 215/65/R16 215/60/R17 235/55/R17 255/45/R18 |
| Kuchuluka kwa thanki, l | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Kulemera kwazitsulo, t | 1,976 | 1,976 | 2,026 | 1,956 | 1,956 |
| Kulemera kwathunthu, t | 2,8 | 2,8 | 2,8 | 2,8 | 2,8 |
Ndinagula galimotoyi chaka ndi theka chapitacho ndipo ndinganene kuti ndi galimoto yapamwamba kwambiri. Kuyimitsidwa kwake kumakhala kofewa, kuyendetsa galimoto sikutheka kuti mutope. Galimoto imagwira bwino, yoyenda bwino m'misewu, ngakhale kukula kwake. Volkswagen Transporter ndiye galimoto yogulitsidwa kwambiri m'kalasi mwake. Kudalirika, kukongola ndi zosavuta - zonse pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kunena za ubwino wofunikira wa minibus m'misewu: tsopano palibe amene angasokoneze malingaliro anu pamsewu usiku. Dalaivala aliyense amadziwa kuti chitetezo cha okwera ndi chawo ndichoposa zonse.
Video: zomwe zimakopa Volkswagen T6 Transporter
Kutumiza
Kutumiza kwa Volkswagen Transporter kungakhale buku lothamanga asanu, loboti yama liwiro asanu ndi limodzi kapena 7-position DSG loboti. Zindikirani kuti bokosi la giya loboti ndilosowa kwambiri pamagalimoto onyamula katundu kapena othandizira. Komabe, mu Transporter, malinga ndi eni ake, DSG imagwira ntchito modalirika, popanda kusokonezedwa, kupereka ndalama zambiri zamafuta, komanso kupereka njira yachilendo yamasewera a kalasi iyi yamagalimoto ndikuyambiranso.. Okonza potsiriza adatha kugonjetsa "kulumpha" kwa ntchito ya bokosi lotere pamtunda wochepa kwambiri m'mizinda: kusintha kumachitika bwino, popanda jerks. Ndipo komabe, kwa eni ma minibasi ambiri, kusowa kwa lever ya gear sikunali kwachilendo, ndipo kufalitsa kwamanja kumatchuka kwambiri pagawo la galimoto.
Kuyendetsa kungakhale kutsogolo kapena kudzaza. Chachiwiri, chitsulo chakumbuyo chimasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito clutch ya Haldex yomwe imayikidwa kutsogolo kwa chitsulo chakumbuyo. Mfundo yakuti galimoto ndi magudumu onse amasonyezedwa ndi chizindikiro "4Motion" wokwera pa radiator grille.
Kuthamanga magalimoto
Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa Volkswagen Transporter ndi akasupe odziyimira pawokha. Mtundu woyimitsidwa wakutsogolo - McPherson, kumbuyo ndi hinge yakutali. Kumbuyo mabuleki - chimbale, kutsogolo - mpweya wokwanira chimbale, kuteteza kutenthedwa kwa makina ananyema.
Tsopano zimakhala zovuta kukumbukira kuti ndimasintha kangati mapepala. Ndinasintha kumbuyo kwa September (pafupifupi zaka 3 zapitazo), zoyambazo zinasinthidwa pafupifupi zaka ziwiri zapitazo (ena 3-4 mm anakhalabe). Ndikuganiza kuti sensa idzawala posachedwa. Wapakati pachaka mtunda ndi 50-55 zikwi makilomita. Mayendedwe oyendetsa: mumsewu waukulu - mwachangu (90-100 km / h), mumzinda - mwaukhondo (mchimwene wanga amanditcha kamba).
Mafuta kapena dizilo
Ngati, pogula Volkswagen Transporter, pali vuto kusankha pakati pa galimoto ndi injini ya dizilo ndi mafuta, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa injini ya dizilo ndi injini ya mafuta ndi njira yoyatsira kusakaniza koyaka. . Ngati mu petulo kuchokera ku spark wopangidwa ndi spark plug, nthunzi yamafuta osakanikirana ndi kuyatsa kwa mpweya, ndiye kuti mu dizilo kuyaka kokhazikika kumachitika pansi pa mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri amavomereza kuti injini ya dizilo ndi yolimba, koma magalimoto okhala ndi injini zotere nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo kuposa mafuta a petulo, zinthu zina zonse ndizofanana. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mwa ubwino wa injini ya dizilo, ziyenera kutchulidwa:
- mphamvu yake - kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, monga lamulo, ndi 10-15% m'munsi kuposa mu injini mafuta;
- kudalirika kwakukulu chifukwa chosowa makina oyatsira;
- kuyanjana kwachilengedwe - mulingo wa CO2 umakhala wocheperako kuposa mu injini zamafuta.
Dizilo, monga lamulo, ndi "kukokera" kwambiri, komanso phokoso. Zina mwa zofooka zake:
- kuchuluka "tcheru" kwa otsika khalidwe mafuta - kukonza mu nkhani iyi kungakhale okwera mtengo ndithu;
- kukonza okwera mtengo;
- kuyambitsa mavuto m'nyengo yozizira.
Ngakhale kuti padziko lonse lapansi magalimoto a dizilo akuchulukirachulukira, ku Russia magalimoto otere akadali otsika kwambiri pakutchuka kwa magalimoto amafuta.
Mitengo ya VW Transporter yatsopano ndi magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito
Mu 2018, mtengo wa VW Transporter pamsika woyamba, kutengera kasinthidwe, umachokera ku 1 miliyoni 700 mpaka ma ruble 3 miliyoni 100. Mtengo wa Transporter wogwiritsidwa ntchito umadalira chaka chopangidwa ndipo ukhoza kukhala:
- 1 miliyoni 200 zikwi - galimoto yopangidwa mu 2015;
- 950 zikwi-1 miliyoni rubles - 2010-2012 kumasulidwa;
- 500 zikwi - 2003-2005 kumasulidwa.
T5 2003 mtunda wa 250000, kwa nthawi yonse yomwe ndinasintha hodovka, makandulo ndi mpope wachacha kamodzi, sindidzayankhula MOT.
Simutopa mukuyendetsa galimoto, simukumva kuthamanga, mumapita ndikupumula kumbuyo kwa gudumu. Zowonjezera: galimoto yayikulu, yotsika mtengo - 7l pamsewu waukulu, 11l m'nyengo yozizira. Zoyipa: zida zamtengo wapatali, chotenthetsera cha BOSCH, m'nyengo yozizira kokha pamafuta a dizilo achisanu, apo ayi kusefukira - kumatsekereza, kupita ku kompyuta, simungathe kuchita nokha.
Kanema: zoyamba za Volkswagen T6
Volkswagen Transporter yakhala ikudziwika kuti ndi galimoto yomwe ili yabwino kwa malonda ang'onoang'ono, zoyendetsa anthu, kutumiza katundu waung'ono, etc. Volkswagen Transporter othamanga kwambiri ndi Mercedes Vito, Hyundai Starex, Renault Trafic, Peugeot Boxer, Ford Transit, Nissan Serena. VW Transporter sangathe koma kukopa ndi chuma chake, kudalirika, kudzichepetsa, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa m'badwo watsopano uliwonse wa Transporter, okonza ndi opanga amaganizira zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano zamafashoni zamagalimoto ndikutsata mosamalitsa kalembedwe ka kampani ya Volkswagen, yomwe imapereka zotsatira zochepa zakunja komanso kuchitapo kanthu komanso magwiridwe antchito.
