Mafuta a injini zamagalimoto
Zamkatimu
Zofunikira pamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito zimawonetsedwa m'malangizo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatsatiridwa mkati mwa thanki ya gasi. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yamafuta agalimoto: mafuta amafuta ndi dizilo ndi mitundu ina: gasi, magetsi, haidrojeni. Palinso mitundu yambiri yamafuta akunja omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto opangidwa mochuluka.
GOST, TU, STS: malamulo oyendetsera mafuta pamalo opangira mafuta
Ubwino wa mafuta aku Russia umayendetsedwa ndi ma GOST asanu ndi awiri. Zitatu zimagwirizana ndi mafuta - R 51105, R 51866 ndi 32513. Zinayi zimagwirizana ndi mafuta a dizilo: R 52368, 32511, R 55475 ndi 305. : ukadaulo waukadaulo (TU) kapena muyezo wa bungwe (STO). N'zoonekeratu kuti pali kudalira kwambiri mafuta opangidwa mogwirizana ndi GOST. Zolemba zazinthu zogulitsidwa nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pamalo opangira mafuta; Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zafotokozedwa m'malamulo aukadaulo a bungwe la kasitomu "Pazofunika pagalimoto yamagalimoto ndi ndege, dizilo ndi mafuta am'madzi, mafuta a jet ndi mafuta amafuta."
Chizindikiro cha mafuta odziwika bwino a 95 chikuwoneka motere: AI 95 K5. Izi zikutanthauza kalasi 5 mafuta ndi octane chiwerengero cha 95. Kuyambira 2016, kugulitsa mafuta galimoto pansi kalasi 5 kwaletsedwa ku Russia. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa zinthu zina.
Palibe lingaliro lofala la Euro5 pokhudzana ndi mafuta kapena dizilo: zofunikira zachilengedwe sizigwira ntchito pamafuta, koma kutulutsa kwagalimoto. Chifukwa chake, zolemba zosiyanasiyana "mafuta athu amagwirizana ndi Euro5" amangokhala njira yotsatsa ndipo samatsutsa kutsutsidwa kulikonse.
Mafuta agalimoto: imodzi mwamitundu yodziwika bwino yamafuta amgalimoto
Zofunikira kwambiri za petulo ndi nambala ya octane ndi gulu lachilengedwe. Nambala ya Octane ndi muyeso wa kukana kwa petulo. Mafuta ambiri amakono amapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mafuta a octane 95, ena okhala ndi 92 octane octane amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito kwambiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta olakwika, vuto likhoza kuchitika: mmalo mowotcha, mafuta osakaniza amatha kuyamba kuphulika ndi kuphulika. Izi, ndithudi, sizikhala zoopsa kwa ena, koma injini ikhoza kuwonongeka. Choncho ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo a wopanga galimotoyo, chifukwa ngati mafuta olakwika agwiritsidwa ntchito, wopangayo sadzakhala ndi mlandu ngati injini kapena mafuta akulephera.
Mafuta a dizilo: mtundu wachiwiri wodziwika bwino wamafuta agalimoto yamagalimoto
Mafuta a dizilo mwachikale nthawi zina amatchedwa mafuta a dizilo. Dzinali limachokera ku German Solaröl - mafuta a dzuwa. Mafuta a dizilo ndi gawo lolemera lomwe limapangidwa panthawi ya distillation yamafuta.
Kwa injini ya dizilo, kuwonjezera pa kalasi ya chilengedwe, kutentha kozizira n'kofunikanso. Pali mafuta a dizilo a chilimwe omwe amathira -5 °C, mafuta a dizilo m'nyengo yozizira (-35 °C) ndi mafuta a dizilo a ku arctic, omwe amakhuthala pa -55 °C.
Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa malo opangira mafuta akhala akuyang'anira momwe zinthu ziliri. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti samadzilola kugulitsa mafuta omwe amakhala owoneka bwino pa kutentha kochepa. Pa maulendo ataliatali, madalaivala odziwa bwino amatenga zowonjezera za antigel, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatsimikizira kuti injini ya dizilo ikugwira ntchito mopanda mavuto.
Zizindikiro za vuto la injini
Ngati muwonjezera mafuta ndi mafuta otsika, injini kapena mafuta akhoza kulephera. Zizindikiro zoyamba ndi izi:
- utsi (woyera, wakuda kapena wa imvi) kuchokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya;
- kuchepetsa kwambiri kayendedwe ka galimoto
- kuwonjezeka kwaphokoso, phokoso lakunja - kung'ung'udza, kunjenjemera, kudina;
- phokoso lotuluka, lomwe akatswiri amatcha "kuthamanga", komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kugunda kwamphamvu pakutuluka kwa turbocharger;
- osakhazikika osagwira ntchito.
Pankhaniyi, tikupangira kuyimitsa galimoto ndikulumikizana ndiukadaulo wa FAVORIT MOTORS Gulu. Kuyendetsa galimoto muzochitika zotere ndizowopsa, chifukwa zingayambitse kukonza injini yamtengo wapatali.
Kutsika pansi ngati imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zachinyengo pa malo opangira mafuta
Chidandaulo chofala ndi kuthira mafuta ochepa. Zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti malo opangira mafuta pa netiweki nthawi zambiri amatsatira malamulo onse. Kuchulukirachulukira kwamafuta kumatha kukhala chifukwa chakusokonekera kapena kuyendetsa bwino. Kudzaza kosakwanira kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikutsanulira mafuta mu canister ya mphamvu inayake.
Pali nthawi zina pomwe malo opangira mafuta amadzaza kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe amaposa kuchuluka kwa thanki yamafuta. Izi sizimawonetsa chinyengo nthawi zonse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mafutawo sapezeka mu thanki, komanso mu mapaipi olumikizira. Voliyumu yowonjezera yeniyeni imadalira mtundu wagalimoto.
Chifukwa chake, lingaliro lolondola kwambiri ndikuthira mafuta pamagalasi otsimikiziridwa.
Ngati zophwanya zikuwonekera pamalo opangira mafuta, mutha kulumikizana ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira boma kapena ofesi ya wosuma mlandu.
Zoyenera kuchita ngati galimoto yanu yawonongeka chifukwa cha mafuta osakwanira
Pakachitika vuto lagalimoto lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafuta otsika kwambiri, zovuta zazikulu zimakhala muumboni: muyenera kutsimikizira ubale woyambitsa-ndi-zotsatira pakati pa kuwonongeka ndi mafuta otsika. Lingaliro la akatswiri ogulitsa malo omwe amadziwa kuti magalimoto akuyendetsedwa bwino ndi ofunika. Nthawi zina madalaivala amakhulupirira kuti wogulitsa akhoza kukana mwadala kukonza. Palibe chifukwa choopa izi, popeza wopanga magalimoto adzalipira wogulitsa kuti athetse zolakwika zopanga. Palibe chifukwa choti wogulitsa akukana kukonza chitsimikizo. Ndi nkhani yosiyana ngati vutolo likugwirizana ndi kuphwanya malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito makina, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wosakwanira. Pankhaniyi, ndithudi, mbewu alibe kubwezera zotayika. Wolakwa - malo opangira mafuta - ayenera kuchita izi.
Ngati amisiri apakati luso kudziwa kuti kusowa ntchito zokhudzana ndi mafuta, muyenera kutenga chitsanzo mafuta. Amatsanuliridwa muzitsulo zitatu, zomwe zimasindikizidwa ndikusindikizidwa ndi anthu omwe alipo panthawi yosankhidwa (mwiniwake, woimira bungwe la akatswiri odziimira okha, wogwira ntchito ku malo aukadaulo). Ndikoyenera kuyitanitsa woimira malo opangira mafuta kuti azitha kusankha mafuta kudzera pa telegalamu ndikudziwitsa za kutumiza. Chidebe chimodzi chimatumizidwa ku labotale yodziyimira pawokha, zotsalazo zimasungidwa ndi eni ake - zitha kufunikira pakuwunika kotsatira. Kuti pakhale kudalirika kwakukulu kwa umboni, maloya amalangiza kutenga chitsanzo cha mafuta pamalo opangira mafuta pomwe galimotoyo idawonjezeredwa - ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa ogwira ntchito pamalo opangira mafuta komanso akatswiri odziyimira pawokha. Malangizowo ndi abwino, koma pochita izi sizingatheke nthawi zonse: zimatengera nthawi yochuluka mpaka galimotoyo itaperekedwa ku malo aukadaulo ndikuwunika. Katswiriyo amawona ngati chitsanzo chomwe chikuphunziridwa chikugwirizana ndi malamulo aukadaulo a Customs Union "Pa zofunikira pagalimoto yamagalimoto ndi ndege, dizilo ndi mafuta am'madzi, mafuta a jet ndi mafuta amafuta." Katswiri wa malo aukadaulo akupereka chikalata chonena kuti vutolo lidachitika chifukwa chamafuta otsika, amafotokoza vutolo, ndipo amapereka mndandanda wa ntchito ndi zida zosinthira.
Komanso mwini galimotoyo ayenera kukhala ndi chikalata chotsimikizira kuti anadzaza mafuta pamalo enaake opangira mafuta. Njira yabwino ndi cheke, choncho ndibwino kuti musataye. Ngati palibe, bwalo lamilandu litha kukonza umboni, kanema wa CCTV, kapena chikalata chamakhadi aku banki.
Pokhala ndi umboni wa ubale woyambitsa-ndi-zotsatira pakati pa kuwonjezereka kwa mafuta ndi kuwonongeka, wozunzidwayo amalumikizana ndi mwiniwake wa gasi ndipo amafuna kubweza ndalama zake: mtengo wokonza ndi zotsalira, mafuta, kutuluka kwa galimoto, kufufuza, ndi zina zotero. Ngati simungagwirizane, muyenera kupita kukhoti. Ngati chigamulo cha khoti chili chabwino, wolakwayo ayeneranso kulipira ndalama za kukhoti komanso ndalama za loya.
Mitundu yapadera yamafuta
Malo ambiri opangira mafuta amapereka mafuta omwe dzina lawo lili ndi mawu akuti Ultimate, "Ecto," ndi zina. Mafutawa amasiyana ndi mnzake ndi nambala yofanana ya octane pamaso pa zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndipo wopanga nthawi zambiri amalankhula za kuchuluka kwa injini. Koma zomwe amalonda amanena ziyenera kutengedwa ndi kukayikira kwina.
Ngati injini ndi yonyansa kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera kungayambitse, m'malo mwake, kumayambitsa vuto. Dothi lonse limalowa mu jekeseni ndi mpope wothamanga kwambiri ndikungowatseka. Osakhazikika ntchito ndi kuchuluka kawopsedwe zikhoza kuchitika. Ndi kuchotsa zonyansa, ntchitoyo imakhazikika. Zowonjezera zowonjezera ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati mavitamini: zimasunga "thanzi" la dongosolo la mafuta, koma ndizopanda ntchito pazochitika zachipatala. Kudzazidwa pafupipafupi kwamafuta oterowo pamalo abwino opangira mafuta sikungawononge injini ndipo, mwina, kumakhala ndi phindu pakugwira ntchito kwake. Palinso mbali yazachuma pankhaniyi: zowonjezera mafuta zimagulitsidwa padera ndipo zimatha kuthiridwa nthawi ndi nthawi mu thanki. Zidzakhala zotsika mtengo.
Ngati mtunda wautali, ndipo palibe zowonjezera mafuta zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi akatswiri a FAVORIT MOTORS Group. Akatswiri oyenerera amawunika momwe galimotoyo ilili, afotokoze njira yabwino yochitira ndikuzindikira mankhwala ofunikira.
