Magalimoto oyatsira magetsi: kutchulidwa ndi mitundu
Zamkatimu
Galimoto iliyonse yamasiku ano imakhala ndi mababu ambiri omwe amawunikira usiku. Zikuwoneka kuti zitha kukhala zosavuta kuposa babu loyatsa galimoto. M'malo mwake, posankha kusinthidwa koyenera, mutha kusokonezeka ngati chinthu chomwe chingagwirizane ndi Optics kapena ayi.
Makampani ambiri akuchita kupanga nyali zamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi. Pakapangidwe kazinthu zopangira magetsi, matekinoloje osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kotero babu loyatsa kuchokera mgalimoto imodzi siyingafanane ndi kuwala kwa galimoto ina. Kutengera mtundu wa nyali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Optics, zinthu zambiri zingapo zimatha kuphatikizidwa pakupanga kwake.
Koma ngakhale kuyatsa kukhale kwapamwamba motani, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pakuwala kulikonse popanda maziko. Tiyeni tikambirane za maziko a nyali zamagalimoto, momwe adzagwiritsidwire ntchito, mitundu yanji, komanso mawonekedwe amitundu iliyonse.
Malo oyatsira nyali yamagalimoto ndi chiyani
Pansi pake pamakhala nyali yamagalimoto yomwe imayikidwa mu socket. Galimoto yama cartridge imasiyana ndi analogue yakale, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyikira magetsi (nyumba zolumikizidwa ndi mains), momwe amapangira. Mu mababu wamba amnyumba, maziko ake amalumikizidwa. M'makina, ma chuck ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wamakina.
Kuunikira konse kwamagalimoto kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri (mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu ya nyali zamagalimoto amafotokozedwa apa):
- Mutu gwero kuwala (nyali);
- Kuwala kowonjezera.
Anthu ena molakwika amakhulupirira kuti zofunika kwambiri ndi mababu omwe amaikidwa mu nyali. Ngakhale ndizosatheka kuyendayenda ndi ma optic osagwira ntchito mumdima, mavuto okhala ndi kuyatsa kowonjezera amathanso kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu kwa woyendetsa.
Mwachitsanzo, poyimilira mokakamiza m'mbali mwa mseu, woyendetsa amayenera kuyatsa magetsi akumbali (ngati kuli mdima). Munkhani yapadera limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa chake likufunika. Koma mwachidule, pakadali pano, kuwunika kumbuyo kumalola ogwiritsa ntchito ena mumsewu kuzindikira chinthu chachilendo panjira munthawi yake, ndikuzungulira moyenera.
Ngozi zapamsewu zimachitika pafupipafupi m'misewu ikuluikulu m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa choti m'modzi mwa madalaivala sanayatseke. Nthawi zambiri zotere zimakwiyitsidwa ndi obwereza olakwika. Kuwala kwa mabuleki kukabwera, dalaivala yemwe anali kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo amachenjezedwa msanga kuti akuyenera kuchepetsako. Koma ngati kuwala kwakumbuyo kuli kolakwika, ndiye kuti posakhalitsa izi zidzachititsanso ngozi.
Mkati mwa galimoto mumafunikiranso kuyatsa kwapamwamba, makamaka ngati galimoto ikuyenda usiku. Ngakhale lakutsogolo ndi pakati kutonthoza pa ntchito ya magetsi mbali, babu owala mkati mwa galimoto ndi wofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, poyima, dalaivala kapena wokwera amafunika kuti apeze china chake mwachangu. Sizovuta kuchita izi ndi tochi.
Chogwiritsira ntchito nyali yamagalimoto chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Zinthu zolumikizirana - zolumikizidwa ndi ulusi;
- Malo osewerera;
- Bulu. Botolo limalowetsedwa mmenemo ndikukhazikika. Izi zimatsimikizira kulimba kwa babu, komwe kumateteza ulusi;
- Zinyama. Amapangidwa kuti apange katiriji, kotero kuti ngakhale woyendetsa njinga wopanda luso amatha kusintha m'malo mwake.
Zosintha zambiri zimapangidwa ngati nsanja yokhala ndi masamba angapo. Zina zimapanga kukhathamira kwamphamvu kwa katiriji mu cartridge, pomwe ena amatsekanso magetsi omwe magetsi amayenda mpaka pano. Maziko amtunduwu amathandizira kusintha m'malo mwa magetsi omwe alephera.
Zoyambira / plinth zaukadaulo
Popeza tsinde limathandizira babu la gwero loyatsira, kapangidwe kake kamayenera kukhala kolimba kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, izi zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki wosagwira kutentha, chitsulo kapena ceramic. Chofunikira kwambiri pamaziko aliwonse ndikulumikizana komwe magetsi amapatsira ulusiwo.
Pambuyo pake, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yazosunga m'mazitsulo. Koma mwachidule, pali ulusi wopota, soffit ndi pini. Kuti dalaivala asankhe mwachangu babu woyenera kunyamula, zolemba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumunsi. Kalata ndi nambala iliyonse imawonetsera gawo la chinthucho, mwachitsanzo, m'mimba mwake, kuchuluka kwa olumikizana nawo, ndi zina zambiri.
Ntchito yoyambira
Kutengera mtundu wama autolamp, ntchito ya kapu izikhala motere:
- Lumikizanani ndi mawaya amagetsi olumikizana ndi nyali (izi zikugwira ntchito pamitundu yonse yama socles) kuti magetsi azitha kuyenda momasuka kuzinthu zowala;
- Gwirani babu loyatsa kuti lisayende pomwe galimoto ikuyenda. Kaya mseu ndi wotani, kuyatsa kwa galimoto kumatha kugwedezeka pamlingo wina, chifukwa chake chowunikira chimatha kusintha ngati sichili bwino. Ngati nyale ikuyenda pansi, popita nthawi, mawaya opyapyalawo amathyoledwa, ndikupangitsa kuti isayime. Ngati nyali itayikidwa molakwika, mutu wamagetsi udzagawira nyali yoyatsira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangitsa kuti kuyendetsa usiku kukhale kovuta, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa;
- Onetsetsani kulimba kwa botolo. Ngakhale ngati nyali yopanda gasi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapangidwe kake kamasungidwa kamasunga ulusi kwa nthawi yayitali;
- Tetezani ku makina (kugwedeza) kapena matenthedwe (zambiri zosintha nyali zimatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu pakuwala, ndipo kunja kwa nyali kumatha kukhala kozizira);
- Yendetsani ntchito yochotsa nyali yoyaka. Opanga amapanga zinthu izi kuchokera pazinthu zomwe sizingawonongeke.
M'magalimoto amakono, nyali za LED zikuchulukirachulukira. Chodziwika bwino cha kusinthaku ndikuti botolo losindikizidwa sifunikira kuti ligwire ntchito. Kupanda kutero, amagwira ntchito yofananira ndi anzawo wamba. Chodziwika bwino cha zida zonse za nyali ndikuti ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa babu yoyatsira yosayenera.
Mitundu ndi mafotokozedwe amiyala yamagalimoto
Nyali zamagalimoto zimagawidwa malinga ndi magawo angapo. Ambiri aiwo ali ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse kapena yapadziko lonse lapansi. Zida zonse zowunikira magalimoto zimasiyanitsidwa ndi:
- Monga babu lenilenilo;
- Chidwi.
M'mbuyomu, zowunikira zamagalimoto sizinasankhidwe, ndipo zolemba zawo sizinakonzedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, kuti mudziwe mtundu wina wa babu yomwe kampani inayake imagulitsa, poyamba kunali kofunikira kuti muphunzire mfundo zomwe zida zake zalembedwa.
Popita nthawi, zinthu zonsezi zasinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mayiko komanso mayiko ena. Ngakhale izi sizinachepetse zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zidakhala zosavuta kwa ogula kusankha kusankha babu yatsopano.
Ma plinths omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:
- H4... Nyali yokhala ndi maziko otere imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi, ndipo imapereka njira yotsika / yayitali. Pachifukwa ichi, wopanga adakonzekeretsa chipangizocho ndi ma filamenti awiri, omwe ali ndi udindo woyenera.
- H7... Iyi ndi mtundu wina wamba wa babu yamagalimoto. Amagwiritsa ntchito koyilo imodzi. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito kuwunikira kwapafupi kapena kwakutali, mababu awiri osiyana amafunika (amaikidwa mu chiwonetsero chofananira).
- H1... Komanso kusinthidwa ndi ulusi umodzi, nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lokwera kwambiri.
- H3... Kusintha kwina kwa nyali za ulusi umodzi, koma pali kapangidwe kake. Mababu amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafoglights.
- Zamgululi... Uwu ndi mtundu wa nyali ya xenon yokhala ndimapangidwe osiyanasiyana. Amapangidwa kuti azikonzedwa mu optics (kuti mumve zambiri, werengani kubwereza kwina) momwe magalasi amagwiritsidwira ntchito.
- Zamgululi... Komanso xenon optics, babu yokhayo ndi yomwe ili ndi zokutira zosaganiza. Zinthu zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyali zowunikira.
Zisoti zamtundu wapamwambawu zimayikidwa mu nyali za halogen kapena xenon. Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa chitsanzo cha momwe mababu ofananawo amawonekera.
Masiku ano pali mitundu ingapo yama autolamp, iliyonse yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zake zowunikira. Ganizirani za zosintha zofala kwambiri.
Ndi zotetezera
Magalimoto oyimitsira nyali, omwe ali ndi zotetezera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama mababu amphamvu kwambiri. Iwo anaikidwa mu nyali, foglights ndi ena owonetsera galimoto. Kuti atchule zisoti zotere, zilembo P zimawonetsedwa koyambirira kwa chodetsa.Pambuyo pa dzina ili, mtundu wa kapu ukuwonetsedwa, mwachitsanzo, H4.
Soffit
Nyali zamtunduwu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuunikira kwamkati. Peculiarity awo ali mawonekedwe cylindrical, ndi ojambula kulibe mbali imodzi koma mbali. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazowunikira.
Nthawi zina zinthu zopepuka ngati izi zimayikidwa mu layisensi ya layisensi kapena pamayala akumbuyo kwa gawo lamagetsi, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyali zamkati. Mababu otere amadziwika ndi dzina la SV.
Pinani
Pini yamtundu wa pini ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndipo nyaliyo imamangirizidwa m'chigulitsi mothandizidwa ndi ma solders (zikhomo) m'mbali. Mitundu iyi ili ndi zosintha ziwiri:
- Zofanana. Kutchedwa BA, ndipo zikhomo ndizoyang'anizana;
- Zosakanikirana. Mayina BAZ, BAU kapena BAY. Zipini sizili zofanana.
Zipini zosazungulira zimalepheretsa kuyika mwangozi kwa nyali yosayenera mu gawoli. Autolamp yotere imayikidwa mu kuwala kwam'mbali, kuwala kwa mabuleki, chizindikiro chowongolera ndi zina. Galimoto yakunyumba yamagetsi yakumbuyo imakhala ndi gawo lomwe limapereka kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyali zotere. Pofuna kuti dalaivala asasokoneze mababu amagetsi malinga ndi mphamvu, maziko awo ndi zotengera zake zimakhala ndi m'mimba mwake.
Nyali zamagalasi
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zotchuka kwambiri. Ngati pali mwayi wogula babu yofanana, oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amaima pamtunduwu. Cholinga chake ndikuti chinthuchi sichikhala ndi chitsulo, motero sichichita dzimbiri mumsako. Pofuna kutchula nyali zotere m'mabukuwa, W. akuti.kalatayi ikuwonetsa kukula kwa m'munsi mwake (millimeters).
Mababu amtunduwu amakhala ndi mafunde osiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kukhala ochuluka kwambiri mgalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira gawo lazida ndi mabatani omwe ali pakatikati pa console. Nthawi zambiri amaikidwa mu chipinda chowunikira cha layisensi, mu soketi yoyatsira magalimoto yomwe ili pamapangidwe anyali.
Mitundu yatsopano ya plinths
Popeza chidwi chaperekedwa kale posachedwa kuyatsa galimoto, opanga amalangiza kuti m'malo mwa nyali yoyikapo ndi yofanana, mtundu wa LED wokha. M'makalata, zoterezi zimawonetsedwa ndi kuyika kwa LED. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mosavuta, opanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma plinths omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika koyenera. Palinso zosankha zina zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala zowunikira pamutu.
Komabe, magalimoto amakono okhala ndi ma optics a LED ali ndi nyali zotere, zomwe zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kapadera. Poterepa, malonda amasankhidwa ndi mtundu wamagalimoto kapena nambala ya VIN (zakomwe ili ndi zomwe zingapereke, werengani m'nkhani ina).
Sitilankhula zambiri za zabwino za ma optics a LED - tili nazo kale. ndemanga yowonjezera... Mwachidule, amapanga kuwala kowala poyerekeza ndi nyali zanthawi zonse. Amakhalanso kwakanthawi ndipo amawononga magetsi ochepa.
Kufotokozera mayina pamunsi mwa nyali zamagalimoto
Chithunzichi pansipa chikuwonetsa momwe ma module oyatsa a ma plinths amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
Oyendetsa ena amakumana ndi vuto limodzi posankha nyali yatsopano. Nthawi zambiri kudzoza kwa nyali zina kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi kutchulidwa kwa ena, ngakhale sikosiyana ndi magawo ena. M'malo mwake, chifukwa chake ndi miyezo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Monga tanena kale, pali muyeso wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mayiko. Yoyamba imagwirizana pamakina padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zigawozi zimatha kupangidwa mdziko limodzi, ndipo msika wogulitsa - angapo.
Ponena za miyezo yaboma, nthawi zambiri chikhomo chotere chimaperekedwa kuzinthu zomwe sizikufuna kutumizidwa kunja. Talingalirani mayina oyambira a nyali zamagalimoto zapakhomo ndi zakunja.
Chodetsa nyali zoweta magalimoto
Mulingo waboma, womwe udakhazikitsidwa nthawi ya Soviet Union, ukugwirabe ntchito. Zoterezi zili ndi mayina awa:
Kalata: | Kusintha: | Ntchito: |
А | Nyali yamagalimoto | Magulu onse owunikira amtundu uliwonse |
ZOKHUDZA | Nyali yaying'ono yamagalimoto | Kuunikira kwa zida, magetsi ammbali |
AC | Soffit nyali yamagalimoto amtundu | Magetsi Mkati, layisensi mbale kuwala |
AKG | Mtundu wa quartz halogen autolamp | Getsi lakutsogolo |
Magulu ena a mababu ali ndi zilembo zomwezi. Komabe, amasiyana m'munsi mwake ndi mphamvu. Kuti dalaivala asankhe njira yoyenera, wopanga amawonjezeranso mamilimita m'mamilimita ndi mphamvu mu watts. Chokhacho chokha chokhazikitsa mayendedwe apanyumba ndikuti chikuwonetsa kuti ndi babu yamagalimoto, koma ndi mtundu wanji womwe sunawonetsedwe, kotero woyendetsa amayenera kudziwa kukula kwa chinthu chofunikira ndi mphamvu yake.
Kulemba ku Europe kwa nyali zamagalimoto
Ndizofala kwambiri m'malo ogulitsa magalimoto kuti apeze nyali zamagalimoto zokhala ndi zolemba zaku Europe zomwe zikugwirizana ndi muyezo wa ECE. Kumayambiriro kwa dzina pali kalata yeniyeni yomwe ikuwonetsa magawo otsatirawa a nyaliyo:
- Т... Kukula kwazithunzi zazing'ono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyatsa kutsogolo;
- R... Kukula kwake kumakhala mamilimita 15, ndipo babu ndi 19 mm (m'mimba mwake mwa zinthuzo). Mababu awa amaikidwa mchira kuwala mu gawo la kukula kwake;
- R2. Kukula kwa maziko ndi 15 mm, ndipo babu ndi 40 mm (lero nyali zotere zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zachikale, koma pamitundu ina yamagalimoto akale amapezekabe);
- Р... Kukula kwake kumakhala mamilimita 15, ndipo botolo siloposa 26.5 mm (m'mimba mwake mwa zinthuzo). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi oyimitsa ndi kutembenuza ma sign. Ngati dzina ili patsogolo pa zizindikilo zina, ndiye kuti nyali yotere imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuwala kwamutu;
- W... Galasi maziko. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pounikira kapena kuwunikira kwa layisensi. Koma ngati kalatayo imayima kumbuyo kwa chiwerengerocho, ndiye kuti akungotchula mphamvu zamagetsi (watts);
- Н... Nyali yamtundu wa Halogen. Babu yotere ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana oyatsa magalimoto;
- Y... Chizindikiro ichi pakulemba chikuwonetsa mtundu wa lalanje wa babu kapena kuwala kofanana.
Kuphatikiza pa kutchulidwa kwa mtundu wa zinthu zowunikira, mtundu wa mazikowo amawonetsedwanso pazolemba zamagetsi. Monga tanena, zosiyanasiyana pakupanga kwa gawo ili la babu zimalepheretsa kuti cholowacho chilowetsedwe mwangozi. Nayi tanthauzo la zizindikilo izi:
Chizindikiro: | Kusintha: |
Р | Flanged plinth (ngati kalata ili patsogolo pa mayina ena) |
VA | Base / plinth yokhala ndi zikhomo zofanana |
BAY | Kusintha kwa pini, chimodzi mwazokha zomwe ndizotsogola pang'ono kuposa china |
KUMANGA | Utali wozungulira zikhomo |
Baz | Mukusintha uku, ma asymmetry azikhomo amatsimikizika ndi malo osiyanasiyana pamunsi (pamitunda ndi kutalika kwa wina ndi mnzake) |
SV (mitundu ina imagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha C) | Mtundu wa Soffit (olumikizirana amapezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za babu yama cylindrical) |
Х | Ikuwonetsa mawonekedwe osakhala ofanana / mawonekedwe |
Е | Pansi pake pamakhala chosemedwa (chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mitundu yakale yamagalimoto) |
W | Galasi plinth |
Kuphatikiza pa mayina omwe atchulidwa, wopanga amawonetsanso kuchuluka kwa olumikizana nawo. Izi zimapezeka m'makalata achichepere achilatini. Izi ndi zomwe amatanthauza:
- s. 1-pini;
- d. 2-pini;
- t. 3-pini;
- q. 4-pini;
- p. 5-pini.
Chodetsa nyali zamagalimoto osati pansi
Mababu ofala kwambiri ndi mababu a halogen. Kusinthaku kumatha kupangidwa ndimapangidwe osiyanasiyana oyambira. Izi zimangotengera mtundu wa chipangizocho. Mosasamala cholinga, mtundu wamafuta amtunduwu amawonetsedwa ndi chilembo H koyambirira kwa chodetsa.
Kuphatikiza pa kutchulidwaku, manambala amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, omwe akuwonetsa mawonekedwe amitundu yazowunikira komanso kapangidwe ka maziko. Mwachitsanzo, manambala a 9145 amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba mbendera za mitundu ina yamagalimoto.
Kuyika mtundu wa kuyatsa
Nthawi zambiri, mababu oyatsira magetsi amakhala ndi kuwala koyera komanso babu yoyera. Koma pakusintha kwina, gwero lowala limatha kunyezimira. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zoyera zoyera m'galimoto, koma siginecha yoyaka idzawala mu mtundu womwewo.
Mumitundu ina yamagalimoto, mababu awa amaikidwa ngati kukonza kwamaso pochotsa nyali zoyera ndi mawonekedwe owonekera. Mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto amakono imakhala ndi zida zowunikira zofananira kuchokera kufakitoli, kotero mababu a lalanje amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachisawawa. Chizindikiro chawo chiyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro cha Y (chimayimira chikasu).
Zolemba za Xenon
M'mababu, mababu ake amadzazidwa ndi xenon, m'munsi mwa mtundu wa H kapena D. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma autolamp ofanana pamawayilesi osiyanasiyana agalimoto. Mitundu ina imangokhala ndi manambala. Pali zosintha zamagetsi zomwe babu imatha kusunthira mkati mwa kapu. Mitundu yotereyi imatchedwa telescopic, ndipo polemba, izi ziziwonetsedwa (Telescopic).
Mtundu wina wa nyali ya xenon ndi womwe umatchedwa kawiri xenon (bixenon). Chodziwika ndi chakuti babu mwa iwo ndi awiriawiri ndi zinthu zosiyana zowala. Amasiyana wina ndi mnzake mu kunyezimira kwa kuwala. Nthawi zambiri, nyali izi zimasankhidwa H / L kapena High / Low, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa mtengowo.
Nyali / tebulo loyambira
Nayi tebulo lazolemba zazikulu pamtundu wa nyali ndi kapu, komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito:
Car babu Mtundu: | Chidutswa cha base / plinth: | Njira iti yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito: |
R2 | P 45t | Optics yamutu pamtengo wotsika / wapamwamba |
NV 3 | P 20d | - // - |
NV 4 | P 22d | - // - |
NV 5 | RH 29t | - // - |
N 1 | Zambiri zaife | - // - |
N 3 | Ma RK 22s | - // - |
N 4 | P 43t | - // - |
N 7 | RH 26d | - // - |
N 11 | PGJ 19-2 | - // - |
N 9 | PGJ 19-5 | - // - |
N 16 | PGJ 19-3 | - // - |
Chidziwitso cha W / 27 | Mtengo wa 13 | - // - |
Chidziwitso cha W / 27 | Chithunzi cha PGJ13 | - // - |
D2S | Chithunzi cha 32d-2 | Nyali yamagalimoto a Xenon |
D1S | Chithunzi cha PK32-2 | - // - |
D2R ndi | Chithunzi cha 32d-3 | - // - |
D1R ndi | Chithunzi cha PK32-3 | - // - |
D3S | Chithunzi cha PK32-5 | - // - |
D4S | Chithunzi cha 32d-5 | - // - |
Mu 21W | Mu 3x16d | Chizindikiro chakutsogolo |
pa 21W | BA 15s | - // - |
Mtengo wa PY21W | BAU 15s / 19 | - // - |
H21W ku | Ma BAY 9s | - // - |
Mu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Chizindikiro chowongolera mbali |
Mwachangu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | - // - |
Mu 21W | Mu 3x16d | Imani chizindikiro |
pa 21W | NDI 15s | - // - |
P 21 / 4W | Chithunzi cha BAZ 15 | Kuwala kwa mbali kapena kuwala kwa mabuleki |
Chiwerengero: W 21 / 5W | Mu 3x16g | - // - |
P 21 / 5W | NDEGE 15d | - // - |
Mu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Kuwala kwam'mbali |
T4W ku | BA 9s / 14 | - // - |
R5W ku | BA 15s / 19 | - // - |
R10W ku | BA 15s | - // - |
C5W ku | SV 8.5 / 8 | - // - |
P 21 / 4W | Chithunzi cha BAZ 15 | - // - |
pa 21W | BA 15s | - // - |
Mu 16W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Kutembenuza kuwala |
Mu 21W | Mu 3x16d | - // - |
pa 21W | BA 15s | - // - |
Chiwerengero: W 21 / 5W | Mu 3x16g | - // - |
P 21 / 5W | NDEGE 15d | - // - |
NV 3 | pa 20d | Nyali yamkuntho yakutsogolo |
NV 4 | pa 22d | - // - |
N 1 | p14.5s ndi | - // - |
N 3 | PK 22s | - // - |
N 7 | pa px26d | - // - |
N 11 | PGJ 19-2 | - // - |
N 8 | PGJ 19-1 | - // - |
Mu 3W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Magetsi oyimitsira magalimoto, magetsi oyimitsira magalimoto |
Mu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | - // - |
T4W ku | BF 9s / 14 | - // - |
R5W ku | BA 15s / 19 | - // - |
H6W ku | pa px26d | - // - |
Mu 16W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Chizindikiro chakumbuyo |
Mu 21W | Mu 3x16d | - // - |
pa 21W | BA 15s | - // - |
Mtengo wa PY21W | BAU 15s / 19 | - // - |
H21W ku | Ma BAY 9s | - // - |
P 21 / 4W | Chithunzi cha BAZ 15 | Nyali yakumbuyo ya chifunga |
Mu 21W | Mu 3x16d | - // - |
pa 21W | BA 15s | - // - |
Chiwerengero: W 21 / 5W | Mu 3x16g | - // - |
P 21 / 5W | NDEGE 15d | - // - |
Mu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | Kuunikira kwa layisensi |
T4W ku | BA 9s / 14 | - // - |
R5W ku | BA 15s / 19 | - // - |
R10W ku | BA 15s | - // - |
C5W ku | SV 8.5 / 8 | - // - |
10W | SV 8.5T11x37 | Nyali zamkati ndi thunthu |
C5W ku | SV 8.5 / 8 | - // - |
R5W ku | BA 15s / 19 | - // - |
Mu 5W | Mu 2.1 × 9.5d | - // - |
Mukakonzekera kugula nyali zamagalimoto zatsopano, muyenera kuyang'ana kaye mtundu wamunsi, komanso mphamvu ya chipangizocho chomwe chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lina. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndikutsitsa babu yoyatsa ndikunyamula yofanana. Ngati ngoziyo itapulumuka, ndiye kuti mutha kusankha njira yoyenera malinga ndi tebulo pamwambapa.
Pomaliza, tikupereka kuwunika kwakanthawi kakanema ka nyali zamagalimoto zamakono zamakono ndikufanizira komwe kuli bwino:
Mafunso ndi Mayankho:
Kodi maziko a nyali zamagalimoto ndi chiyani? Kuwala kwamutu H4 ndi H7. Magetsi a chifunga Н8,10 ndi 11. Miyeso ndi obwereza mbali - W5W, T10, T4. Zizindikiro zazikulu zotembenukira ndi P21W. Zowunikira za W21W, T20, 7440.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji maziko a nyali? Pachifukwa ichi, pali matebulo omwe ali ndi zilembo ndi manambala a mababu agalimoto. Iwo amasiyana chiwerengero ndi mtundu wa kulankhula pa maziko.