Kodi magetsi oyatsa magetsi ndi otani? Mfundo yogwirira ntchito komanso cholinga

Pakubwera magalimoto oyenda okha, ngozi za ngozi zapamsewu zawonjezeka. Galimoto iliyonse yatsopano, ngakhale mtundu wa bajeti, imasinthidwa ndikukula kwa oyendetsa amakono. Chifukwa chake, galimoto imatha kupeza mphamvu zamagetsi kapena zamagetsi, kuyimitsidwa bwino, thupi lina komanso zamagetsi osiyanasiyana. Popeza magalimoto panjira amatha kuopsa, wopanga aliyense amakonzekeretsa zida zake ndi mitundu yonse yazachitetezo.

Mndandandawu mulinso zachitetezo chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi ma airbags (kapangidwe kake ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito amafotokozedwera mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ina). Komabe, zida zina zitha kukhala chifukwa cha chitetezo ndi chitetezo. Gulu ili limaphatikizaponso kuwala kwamutu wamagalimoto. Palibe galimoto yomwe imaperekedwanso kwa ife popanda kuyatsa kwakunja. Njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wopitiliza kuyendetsa ngakhale mumdima, popeza mseu ukuwonekera chifukwa chakuwala kolowera kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo.

Magalimoto amakono amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mababu osiyanasiyana kukonza kuwunikira pamsewu (mababu wamba amagwirira ntchito iyi, makamaka madzulo). Mitundu yawo ndi ntchito zawo zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. apa... Ngakhale kuti zinthu zatsopano zam'mutu zimawonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino, akadali patali. Pachifukwa ichi, opanga magalimoto akutsogola akupanga makina osiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse bwino kuyatsa kotetezeka komanso koyenera.

Izi zikuphatikizapo kuwala kosinthika. Mu magalimoto akale, dalaivala amatha kusinthana ndi mtengo wotsika kapena wokwera, komanso kuyatsa makulidwe (za ntchito yomwe amachita, werengani payokha). Koma kusintha koteroko nthawi zambiri sikupereka kuwoneka bwino pamsewu. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe amzindawu samalola kugwiritsa ntchito mtanda wokwera, ndipo poyatsa mitengo yotsika nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kuwona. Kumbali inayi, kusinthira pamtengo wotsika nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti njirayo isawonekere, zomwe zingapangitse kuti munthu woyenda pansi ayandikire kwambiri pagalimoto, ndipo woyendetsa sangamuzindikire.

Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikupanga ma optics omwe amatha kukhala bwino pakati pa kuwunikira ndi chitetezo cha magalimoto obwera. Ganizirani za chipangizochi, mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a optics.

Kodi magetsi oyatsa magetsi ndi owunikira ndi ati?

Adaptive optics ndi makina omwe amasintha mayendedwe amtundu wowunikira kutengera momwe magalimoto aliri. Wopanga aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito lingaliroli m'njira yakeyake. Kutengera kusintha kwa chipangizocho, chowunikira chimasinthira pawokha ngati babu yoyatsa ikamawala, imatsegula / kuzimitsa zinthu zina za LED kapena kusintha kuwala kwa kuwunika kwa gawo lina la mseu.

Pali zosintha zingapo zamtunduwu zomwe zimagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndikusinthidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Optics (matrix, LED, laser kapena mtundu wa LED). Chida chotere chimagwira ntchito modzidzimutsa ndipo safuna kusintha pamanja. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, dongosololi limalumikizidwa ndi njira zina zoyendera. Kuwala ndi malo azinthu zowunikira kumayang'aniridwa ndi gawo lina lamagetsi.

Nazi zochitika zochepa chabe zomwe kuwala kokhazikika kumalephera:

• Kuyendetsa pamsewu waukulu kunja kwa mzindawo kumalola kuti dalaivala azigwiritsa ntchito beam. Chofunikira pa izi ndi kusapezeka kwa magalimoto omwe akubwera. Komabe, madalaivala ena samawona nthawi zonse kuti akuyendetsa mayendedwe akutali kwa nyali zowala, ndi omwe akubwera nawo omwe akubwera (kapena pakalilore wa oyendetsa magalimoto kutsogolo). Kuti muwonjezere chitetezo pamikhalidwe yotere, kuwala kosinthira kumangoyatsa magetsi.
• Galimoto ikalowa pakona yolimba, nyali zapamwamba zimawala kutsogolo kokha. Pachifukwa ichi, dalaivala samawona mseu wochepera mozungulira. Kuwala kwadzidzidzi kumayang'ana kumene chiwongolero chikutembenukira, ndipo chimayendetsa nyali yoyang'ana komwe msewu umalowera.
• Zomwezi zimachitika galimoto ikakwera phirilo. Poterepa, kuwalako kumamenya kumtunda ndipo sikuunikira msewu. Ndipo ngati galimoto ina ikuyenda kulowera kwa inu, kuunika kwamphamvu kumachititsa khungu dalaivala. Zotsatira zomwezo zimawoneka mukamenya nkhondo. Galimoto yowonjezerapo mu nyali zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe mawonekedwe azowunikira kapena chowunikira chokha kuti msewu nthawi zonse uzionedwa momwe ungathere. Poterepa, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito sensa yapadera yomwe imazindikira kutsetsereka kwa panjira ndikusintha magwiridwe antchito moyenera.
• M'mizinda, usiku, poyendetsa pamphambano yosayatsa, dalaivala amangowona magalimoto ena okha. Ngati mukufuna kutembenukira, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira oyenda pansi kapena oyendetsa njinga panjira. Zikatere, makinawa amathandizira kuyatsa kwina, komwe kumawunikira komwe magalimoto amatembenukira.

Chochititsa chidwi cha kusintha kosiyanasiyana ndikuti kuti mutsegule ntchito zina, kuthamanga kwa makina kuyenera kufanana ndi mtengo winawake. Nthawi zina, izi zimathandiza madalaivala kutsatira malire othamanga omwe amaloledwa m'malire.

Mbiri yakale

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ukadaulo wa magetsi oyatsa magetsi omwe amatha kusintha kolowera kwa nyali yagwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi za Citroen DS kuyambira 1968. Galimotoyo idalandira modzichepetsa, koma koyambirira kwambiri komwe kudawunikira zowunikira kumayendedwe oyendetsa. Lingaliro ili linakwaniritsidwa ndi akatswiri a kampani yaku France Cibie (yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1909). Lero mtunduwu ndi gawo la kampani ya Valeo.

Ngakhale panthawiyo chipangizocho sichinali chokwanira chifukwa cholumikizana mwamphamvu pakati pa zoyendetsa magetsi ndi chiwongolero, izi zidapanga maziko amachitidwe onse otsatira. Kwa zaka zambiri, nyali zoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi zakhala zikuwerengedwa ngati zoseweretsa m'malo mwa zida zothandiza. Makampani onse omwe amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro ili adakumana ndi vuto limodzi lomwe silimalola kukonza dongosololi. Chifukwa cholumikizana mwamphamvu kwa nyali zowongolera ndi chiwongolero, kuwalako sikunachedwe kuzolowera ma bend.

Kampani yaku France yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Léon Sibier idakhala gawo la Valeo, ukadaulo uwu udalandira "mphepo yachiwiri". Makinawa anali kuyenda mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti palibe wopanga yemwe adatha kupititsa patsogolo kutulutsidwa kwatsopano. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito makinawa poyatsira magalimoto panja, kuyendetsa galimoto usiku kwakhala kotetezeka.

Njira yoyamba yothandiza kwambiri inali AFS. Zachilendozi zidapezeka pamsika pansi pa mtundu wa Valeo mu 2000. Kusinthidwa koyamba kunalinso ndi galimoto yamphamvu, yomwe idachitapo kanthu potembenuka kwa chiwongolero. Pakadali pano, makinawa analibe mgwirizano wolimba. Kukula kwake komwe kudawunikira kunadalira kuthamanga kwagalimoto. Mtundu woyamba wokhala ndi zida zotere ndi Porsche Cayenne. Zipangizo zamtunduwu zimatchedwa FBL system. Ngati galimotoyo ikuyenda mwachangu kwambiri, nyali zam'manja zimatha kutembenukira mbali yokhotakhota pofika madigiri 45.

Porsche Cayenne

Pambuyo pake, dongosololi lidalandira chinthu chatsopano. Zachilendozi zidatchedwa Corner. Ichi ndichinthu chowonjezera chomwe chimawunikira potembenukira komwe galimoto imapita. Gawo lina la mphambanoyo linaunikiridwa mwa kuyatsa nyali yoyenerera ya nkhungu yomwe imawongoleredwa pang'ono pang'ono kuchokera pamtengo wapakati. Izi zimatha kuyatsidwa mukamayendetsa chiwongolero, koma nthawi zambiri mukayatsa siginecha. An analogue a dongosolo lino nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mitundu ina. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi BMW X3 (chowunikira chakunja chimayatsidwa, nthawi zambiri nyali yamoto mu bampala) kapena Citroen C5 (chowunikira china chowunikira chimayatsidwa).

Citroen c5

Kusintha kwotsatira kwa dongosololi kunakhudza kuchepa kwa liwiro. Kusintha kwa DBL kunatsimikizira kuthamanga kwagalimoto ndikusintha kuwala kwa kuwala kwa zinthu (kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kuwalako kukuwala). Kuphatikiza apo, galimoto ikafika pothamanga kwambiri liwiro, gawo lamkati la arc limawunikiridwa kuti lisapusitse oyendetsa magalimoto omwe akubwera, ndipo mtanda wa arc wakunja umawomba mopitilira komanso mozungulira kulowera.

Kuyambira 2004, dongosololi lasintha kwambiri. Kusintha kwathunthu kwa AFS kwawoneka. Izi ndizosankha zokha zomwe sizigwiranso ntchito kutengera zoyendetsa, koma pakuwerenga kwama sensa osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, panjira yolunjika pamsewu, dalaivala amatha kuyendetsa njira yopyola chopinga chaching'ono (dzenje kapena chinyama), ndikuyatsa getsi sikufunika.

Monga kasinthidwe ka fakitole, makina oterewa apezeka kale mu Audi Q7 (2009). Inali ndi ma module osiyanasiyana a LED omwe amawunikira mothandizana ndi ma siginolo ochokera ku gawo lowongolera. Nyali zamtunduwu zimatha kutembenuka molunjika komanso mopingasa. Koma ngakhale kusinthaku sikunali koyenera. Mwachitsanzo, zimapangitsa kuti usiku muziyenda bwino mumzinda, koma pamene galimotoyo inali kuyenda mumsewu wokhotakhota kwambiri, zamagetsi sizimatha kusintha payokha mtengo wokwera / wotsika - woyendetsa amayenera kuchita izi yekha kuti asachite kuchititsa khungu ogwiritsa ntchito ena.

7 Audi Q2009

Mbadwo wotsatira wa ma optic adaptive amatchedwa GFHB. Chofunika cha dongosololi ndi motere. Galimoto usiku imatha kuyenda nthawi zonse ndikuyatsa. Magalimoto akubwera akawonekera panjira, zamagetsi zimayang'ana kuwalako, ndikuzimitsa zinthu zomwe zimawunikira dera lamseu (kapena kusuntha ma LED, ndikupanga mthunzi). Chifukwa cha izi, pakuyenda kwambiri pamsewu, dalaivala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mtengowo nthawi zonse, koma osavulaza ena ogwiritsa ntchito misewu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zida izi zidayamba kuphatikizidwa ndi zida za nyali zina za xenon mu 2010.

Ndikubwera kwa matrix optics, makina osinthira magetsi alandiranso zina. Choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito mabulogu a LED kunapangitsa kuti kuyatsa kwakunja kwa galimoto kuzikhala kowala kwambiri, ndipo moyo wogwira ntchito wa Optics udakulirakulira. Kuchita bwino kwa magetsi okhala pakona ndi kupindika kwakanthawi kwawonjezeka, ndipo pakuwonekera kwa magalimoto ena kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo, mumphangayo mumawonekera bwino. Choyimira cha kusinthaku ndi chophimba chowunikira chomwe chimayenda mkati mwa chowunikira. Izi zidapereka kusintha kosavuta pakati pamitundu. Njira imeneyi imapezeka mu Ford S-Max.

Mbadwo wotsatira ndi ukadaulo wotchedwa Sail Beam, womwe udagwiritsidwa ntchito mu xenon optics. Kusinthaku kwachotsa kuwonongeka kwa nyali zamtunduwu. M'malo oterewa, malo a nyali adasinthidwa, koma atadetsa gawo la mseu, makinawo sanalole kuti chinthucho chibwerere msanga pamalo ake oyamba. Kuwala kwa sitimayo kunathetsa vutoli poyambitsa ma module awiri oyima payokha. Amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse kumapeto. Mtengo woviikidwa umagwira ntchito mosalekeza, ndipo zopingasa zimawala patali. Galimoto ikubwera ikamawonekera, zamagetsi zimakankhira ma module awa padera kuti kuwala kozungulira kudulidwe magawo awiri, pakati pake pamakhala mthunzi. Magalimoto akuyandikira, momwe nyali izi zimasinthira.

Chithunzi chojambula chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti mugwire ntchito ndi mthunzi wamphamvu. Udindo wake umadalira momwe galimoto ikubwera ikubwera. Komabe, nawonso, panali zovuta zina. Chophimbacho chimangodetsa gawo limodzi lamsewu. Chifukwa chake, ngati magalimoto awiri awoneka mbali inayo, ndiye kuti chinsalucho chimatchinga nthawi imodzi pamitunduyi. Mbadwo wina wa dongosololi unatchedwa Matrix Beam. Imaikidwa m'mitundu ina ya Audi.

Kusinthaku kuli ndi ma module angapo a LED, omwe ali ndi udindo wowunikira malo ena ake. Makinawa azimitsa gawo lomwe, malinga ndi masensawo, limapangitsa khungu dalaivala wagalimoto yomwe ikubwera. Pakapangidwe kameneka, zamagetsi zimatha kuzimitsa ndimayunitsi osiyanasiyana, kusintha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto panjira. Chiwerengero cha ma module ndichochepa. Chiwerengero chawo chimadalira kukula kwa nyali, kotero dongosololi silingathe kuyendetsa kuzimiririka kwa galimoto iliyonse ngati magalimoto obwera akuchuluka.

Mbadwo wotsatira umachotsa izi kumlingo winawake. Kukula kumeneku kumatchedwa "Kuwala kwa Pixel". Poterepa, ma LED adakonzedwa. Makamaka, kuwala kowala kumapangidwa kale ndi chiwonetsero cha LCD cha matrix. Galimoto ikawonekera pamsewu womwe ukubwera, "pixel wosweka" imawonekera pamtengo (bwalo lakuda lomwe limapanga mdima panjira). Mosiyana ndi kusinthidwa kwam'mbuyomu, chitukuko ichi chimatha kutsatira nthawi imodzi ndikuphimba magalimoto angapo nthawi imodzi.

Optics aposachedwa kwambiri masiku ano ndi kuwala kwa laser. Nyali iyi imatha kugunda galimoto kutsogolo mtunda wa pafupifupi 500 mita. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chakuwala koyerekeza kwambiri. Panjira, okhawo omwe amawona patali ndi omwe amatha kuzindikira zinthu patali pano. Koma mtengo wamphamvu chotero ungakhale wothandiza ngati galimoto ikuyenda mbali yolunjika ya msewu pa liwiro lalikulu, mwachitsanzo, pamsewu waukulu. Poganizira kuthamanga kwambiri kwa mayendedwe, dalaivala ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yochitira nthawi zinthu zikafika panjira.

Cholinga ndi njira zogwirira ntchito

Monga mukuwonera kuchokera m'mbiri ya dongosololi, idapangidwa ndikukonzedwa ndi cholinga chimodzi. Mukamayendetsa usiku mulingo uliwonse, dalaivala amayenera kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili panjira: kodi pali oyenda panjira yamagalimoto, wina akufuna kuwoloka msewu pamalo olakwika, kodi pali chiopsezo chomenya chopinga (mwachitsanzo, nthambi kapena dzenje la phula). Pofuna kuwongolera zochitika zonsezi, kuunika kwapamwamba ndikofunikira kwambiri. Vuto ndiloti pankhani ya maimidwe oyimilira, sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kuzipereka popanda chovulaza kwa oyendetsa magalimoto omwe akubwera - mtengo wokwera (nthawi zonse wowala kuposa womwe uli pafupi) udzawachititsa khungu.

Kuthandiza dalaivala, opanga ma automaker amapereka zosintha zingapo zama optic. Izi zidalira kuthekera kwakuthupi kwa wogula magalimoto. Machitidwe awa amasiyana osati mu midadada ya zinthu kuwala, komanso mfundo ya ntchito iliyonse unsembe. Kutengera mtundu wazida, njira zoyatsira msewu zotsatirazi zitha kupezeka kwa woyendetsa galimoto:

1. Town... Njirayi imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono (chifukwa chake dzina - mzinda). Nyali zowala zimawala kwambiri pomwe galimoto imayenda mtunda wokwanira makilomita 55 pa ola limodzi.
2. Msewu wamtunda... Zipangizo zamagetsi zimayendetsa zinthu zowunikira kuti mbali yakumanja ya msewu iwunike kwambiri, ndipo kumanzere kuli munthawi yoyenera. Izi asymmetry zimathandiza kuzindikira oyenda pansi kapena zinthu zomwe zili m'mbali mwa msewu koyambirira. Kuwala kofunikako ndikofunikira, chifukwa munjira imeneyi galimoto imayenda mwachangu (ntchito imagwira pa 55-100 km / h), ndipo driver amayenera kuzindikira zinthu zakunja panjira yagalimoto kale. Nthawi yomweyo, woyendetsa yemwe akubwera samachititsidwa khungu.
3. Njanji... Popeza kuti galimoto yomwe ili panjirayo ikuyenda pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 100 pa ola limodzi, ndiye kuti kuwala kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo. Poterepa, mtengo womwewo wosagwiritsidwa ntchito umagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga momwe zidalili kale, kuti madalaivala omwe ali munjira ina asazizidwe.
4. Kutali / pafupi... Izi ndi mitundu yokhazikika yomwe imapezeka mgalimoto zonse. Kusiyana kokha ndikuti pama optic adaptive amasintha okha (woyendetsa galimoto samayendetsa njirayi).
5. Kuwala... Kutengera momwe galimoto imakhotera, mandala amayenda kotero kuti dalaivala azindikire kutembenuka ndi zinthu zakunja panjira yagalimoto.
6. Mavuto amisewu... Chifunga ndi mvula yamphamvu, limodzi ndi mdima, ndizoopsa kwambiri poyendetsa magalimoto. Zida zamagetsi zimazindikira momwe kuwala kuyenera kuwalira, kutengera mtundu wamachitidwe ndi zinthu zowala.

1) Kutembenuza kuwala; 2) Kuwunika m'misewu yoyipa (mwachitsanzo, chifunga); 3) Mawonekedwe amzinda (ofiira), magalimoto mumsewu (lalanje); 4) Thunthu mawonekedwe

Ntchito yayikulu yoti magetsi azitha kusintha ndikuchepetsa ngozi chifukwa chakuwombana ndi oyenda pansi kapena chopinga chifukwa choti dalaivala sanazindikire zoopsa mumdima pasadakhale.

Zosintha zamagetsi zoyambira

Mitundu yofala kwambiri yama optic adaptive ndi awa:

• AFS. Kwenikweni, chidule ichi kuchokera ku Chingerezi chimamasuliridwa ngati mawonekedwe oyang'ana kutsogolo. Makampani osiyanasiyana amatulutsa malonda awo pansi pa dzinali. Njirayi idapangidwa koyamba kwa mitundu ya mtundu wa Volkswagen. Nyali zoterezi zimatha kusintha njira yoyatsira kuwala. Ntchitoyi imagwira ntchito potengera ma algorithms omwe adatsegulidwa pomwe chiwongolero chimasinthidwa pamlingo winawake. Chochititsa chidwi cha kusinthaku ndikuti imagwirizana ndi bi-xenon optics. Chipangizo chowongolera nyali chimayang'aniridwa ndi kuwerenga kuchokera pama sensa osiyanasiyana, kotero kuti dalaivala akamazungulira cholepheretsa china mumsewu, zamagetsi sizimasuntha magetsi oyatsira magetsi, ndipo mababu amapitabe patsogolo.
• AFL. Kwenikweni, chidule ichi chimamasuliridwa ngati njira zowunikira pamsewu. Njirayi imapezeka pamitundu ina ya Opel. Kusinthaku kumasiyana ndi koyambirira chifukwa sikuti kumangosintha mbali zowunikira, komanso kumapereka kusintha kosalala kwa kuwala. Ntchitoyi imatheka pokhazikitsa mababu owonjezera. Amayatsa pomwe obwereza abwezeretsedwa. Zamagetsi zimatsimikizira kuthamanga kwa galimoto. Ngati gawo ili ndiloposa 70 km / h, ndiye kuti dongosololi limangosintha mayendedwe amagetsi oyang'anira okha, kutengera kuzungulira kwa chiwongolero. Koma liwiro la galimoto litangotsika pang'ono kuti likhale lovomerezeka mu mzindawu, kutembenuka kumawunikiranso ndi nyali yofananira kapena nyali yowonjezerapo yomwe ili munyumba yayikulu.

Akatswiri okhudzidwa ndi VAG akukonzekera mwakhama njira zowunikira pamsewu (werengani za makampani omwe ali mgululi. m'nkhani ina). Ngakhale kuti masiku ano pali machitidwe othandiza kwambiri, pali zofunikira kuti chipangizocho chisinthe, ndipo zosintha zina zitha kuwoneka mgalimoto zoyendetsera ndalama.

Mitundu yamachitidwe osinthira

Njira yothandiza kwambiri masiku ano imawerengedwa kuti ndi yomwe imagwira ntchito zonse zomwe tafotokozazi. Koma kwa iwo omwe sangakwanitse kugula makina ngati amenewa, opanga makina amakhalanso ndi bajeti.

Mndandandawu muli mitundu iwiri yazida izi:

1. Mtundu wamphamvu. Pankhaniyi, nyali ali ndi limagwirira swivel. Dalaivala akatembenuza chiwongolero, zamagetsi zimayendetsa malo a nyali mbali imodzimodzi ndi mawilo oyenda (mofanana ndi kuyatsa kwa njinga yamoto). Kusintha mitundu yamtunduwu kumakhala koyenera - kuchokera pafupi mpaka kutali komanso mosemphanitsa. Chodziwika bwino cha kusinthaku ndikuti nyali sizimazungulira chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa chake, nyali yamagetsi yowunikira mkati mwa kutembenuka nthawi zonse imayenda mozungulira mopingasa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi akunja. Cholinga chake ndikuti pamachitidwe abizinesi, kukula kwa mtengowo sikusintha, ndipo woyendetsa amayenera kuwona osati kokha mkati mwa kutembenuka, komanso msewu womwe akuyenda, ndi gawo lina la njirayo. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito servo drive, yomwe imalandira zizindikilo zoyenera kuchokera pagawo loyang'anira.
2. Mtundu wokhazikika. Imeneyi ndi njira yowonjezeramo bajeti, popeza ilibe choyendetsa chowunikira. Kusintha kumachitika potsegula chowonjezera chowunikira, mwachitsanzo, magetsi a utsi kapena mandala osiyana omwe amaikidwa mu chowunikira. Komabe, kusintha kumeneku kumapezeka mumayendedwe amzindawu (nyali zoyatsidwa ndizoyatsa, ndipo galimoto imayenda mwachangu mpaka 55 kilomita / ola). Kawirikawiri, kuwala kwina kumayaka pamene dalaivala atembenukira kapena kutembenuzira chiwongolero mbali ina.

Njira zoyambira zimaphatikizapo kusinthidwa komwe kumangoyika kumene kuwunika kwa kuwala, komanso, kutengera momwe msewu ulili, kumatha kusintha kuwunika kwa kuwunika ndi kupendekera kwa nyali ngati chiphaso chakwaniritsidwa. M'mitundu yamagalimoto yama bajeti, makina oterewa sanayikidwe konse, chifukwa imagwira ntchito chifukwa zamagetsi ovuta komanso masensa ambiri. Pankhani ya kuwala kofanizira koyambirira, imalandira zambiri kuchokera pakamera yakutsogolo, imagwiritsa ntchito chizindikirochi ndikuyambitsa mtundu womwewo pakadutsa mphindi.

Ganizirani za chipangizocho, ndipo ndi njira iti yomwe magetsi awiri odziwikiratu amagwirira ntchito.

Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka AFS

Monga tanenera kale, dongosololi limasintha kayendedwe ka kuwalako. Uku ndikusintha kwamphamvu. M'mabuku aukadaulo a mitundu ya Volkswagen, chidule cha LWR chitha kupezekanso (chowongolera chowunikira). Njirayi imagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zowala za xenon. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo gawo loyang'anira palokha, lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi masensa angapo. Mndandanda wa masensa omwe ma siginolo awo amalembedwa kuti adziwe momwe magalasiwo alili ndi awa:

• Kuthamanga kwamakina;
• Malo oyendetsa (omwe amaikidwa m'mbali mwa chiwongolero, chomwe chitha kuwerengedwa payokha);
• Machitidwe okhazikika kwamagalimoto, ESP (momwe imagwirira ntchito, werengani apa);
• Zowotcha zenera lakutsogolo.

Standard adaptive optics imagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi. Makina oyang'anira zamagetsi amalemba zikwangwani kuchokera pama sensa onse olumikizidwa ndi chipangizocho, komanso kuchokera pakamera ya kanema (kupezeka kwake kumadalira kusintha kwa dongosolo). Zizindikirozi zimalola zamagetsi kudziyimira pawokha kuti ndi njira iti yomwe akuyenera kuyigwiritsa ntchito.

Chotsatira, makina oyendetsa magetsi amayendetsedwa, omwe, molingana ndi ma algorithms a unit control, amayendetsa servo drive ndikusunthira magalasi moyenera. Chifukwa cha ichi, kuwunika kumakonzedwa kutengera momwe magalimoto aliri. Kuti mutsegule dongosololi, muyenera kusunthira kusinthana ndi Auto position.

Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka dongosolo la AFL

Kusinthaku, monga tanenera kale, sikuti kumangosintha komwe kuwala kumawonekera, komanso kumawunikiranso kutembenuka ndi mababu oyimilira pang'onopang'ono. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto za Opel. Zipangizo zosinthazi sizosiyana kwenikweni. Pankhaniyi, kapangidwe ka nyali ali okonzeka ndi mababu zina.

Galimoto ikayenda mothamanga kwambiri, zamagetsi zimakonza chiwongolero ndikusunthira nyali kumbali yoyenera. Ngati dalaivala akuyenera kuzungulira cholepheretsa, kuwalako kudzagunda molunjika, chifukwa mphamvu yokhazikika yolembetsa kusintha kwa thupi, ndipo njira yoyeserera idayambitsidwa mu gawo loyang'anira, lomwe limalepheretsa zamagetsi kusuntha nyali.

Mofulumira, kutembenuza chiwongolero kumangoyatsa kuyatsa kwina. Mbali ina ya ma optic a AFL imagwirizana ndi ma Optics apadera, omwe amawala mofananamo munjira zazitali komanso zazifupi. Zikatero, malingaliro a mtanda amasintha.

Nazi zina mwazinthu zazithunzi izi:

• Ikhoza kusintha kayendedwe kabwino ka nyali mpaka madigiri 15, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke bwino mukakwera kapena kutsika phiri;
• Mukakhala pakona, kuwonekera pamsewu kumawonjezeka ndi 90 peresenti;
• Chifukwa cha kuyatsa kwammbali, zimakhala zosavuta kuti dalaivala adutse mphambano ndi kuzindikira oyenda pansi munthawi yake (pamitundu ina yamagalimoto, alamu yaying'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imakodola oyenda pansi, kuchenjeza za galimoto yomwe ikubwera);
• Mukasintha misewu, makinawo sasintha mawonekedwe;
• Imadziyang'anira pawokha pakusintha kuchokera kufupi mpaka kowala kwambiri komanso mosemphanitsa.

Ngakhale panali maubwino awa, opanga magalimoto ambiri satha kufikira, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi zida zamagalimoto okwera mtengo. Kuphatikiza pa mtengo wokwera, kukonza njira zolakwika kapena kupeza zolakwika zamagetsi zikhala zodula kwa mwininyumba.

Kodi AFS OFF ikutanthauzanji?

Woyendetsa akawona uthengawo AFS OFF pa dashboard, zikutanthauza kuti nyali sakusintha zokha. Woyendetsa amayenera kusinthana modutsa pakati pamtengo wotsika / wokwera. Zamagetsi zimayambitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito batani lolingana pazoyendetsa kapena pagulu lapakati.

Zimachitika kuti dongosololi limadzichotsa lokha. Nthawi zina, izi zimachitika pulogalamuyo ikawonongeka. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikukanikiza batani la AFS kachiwiri. Ngati sizikuthandizani, muyenera kuzimitsa poyatsira ndi kuyatsegulanso kuti makina omwe ali mgalimoto azidziyesa okha.

Ngati pali kuwonongeka kwamtundu wina wamagetsi, ndiye kuti sikuyatsa. Zolakwitsa zomwe zimaletsa zamagetsi kugwira ntchito ndi monga:

• Kuwonongeka kwa imodzi mwa masensa ogwirizana ndi dongosolo;
• Zolakwitsa zowongolera;
• Zoyipa mu zingwe (kulumikizana kotayika kapena kuswa mzere);
• Kulephera kwa gawo loyang'anira.

Kuti mudziwe kuti kusokonekera kwenikweni ndikotani, muyenera kutenga galimoto kuti mupeze momwe kompyuta ikuyendera (momwe njirayi imagwirira ntchito, werengani apa).

Kodi maina amachitidwe ofanana kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana ndi ati?

Makina onse opanga makina omwe amakonzekeretsa magalimoto awo ndi kuwala kosinthira ali ndi dzina lakukula. Ngakhale kuti dongosololi lodziwika padziko lonse lapansi, makampani atatu akuchita zomwe zikukonzekera ndikusintha ukadaulo uwu:

• Opel. Kampaniyo imayitanitsa dongosolo lake AFL (Zowonjezera Zowunikira);
• Mazda. Chizindikirocho chimatcha kukula kwake AFLS;
• Volkswagen. Wopanga makinawa anali woyamba kufotokoza malingaliro a Léon Sibier m'magalimoto opanga, ndipo adaitcha kuti AFS.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe amakono awa amapezeka mumitundu yamtunduwu, opanga makina ena akuyesera kukonza chitetezo ndi kuyendetsa bwino usiku, ndikusintha pang'ono mawonekedwe a mitundu yawo. Komabe, zosinthazi sizingatchedwe nyali zosinthika.

Kodi AFLS System ndi chiyani?

Monga tidanenera kale pang'ono, dongosolo la AFLS ndi chitukuko cha Mazda. Mwakutero, sizosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu. Kusiyanitsa kokha kuli pamapangidwe amagetsi a nyali ndi zinthu zowala, komanso kuwongolera pang'ono kwa magwiridwe antchito. Chifukwa chake, wopanga adakhazikitsa mawonekedwe oyenda kwambiri pakati pa madigiri 7. Malinga ndi akatswiri a kampani yaku Japan, gawo ili ndi lotetezeka momwe mungabwere magalimoto obwera.

Ntchito zina zonse za Mazda ndi:

• Kusintha malo a nyali mozungulira mkati mwa madigiri 15;
• Gawo loyang'anira limazindikira momwe galimoto ilili poyerekeza ndi mseu ndikusintha mawonekedwe oyang'ana magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, mukadzaza mokwanira, kumbuyo kwa galimoto kumatha kuphwanya mwamphamvu, ndipo kutsogolo kumatha kukwera. Pankhani yamagetsi oyenda bwino, ngakhale mtanda woviikidwa umawunikira magalimoto akubwera. Izi zimathetsa izi;
• Kuunikira kotembenukira pamphambano kumaperekedwa kuti dalaivala azindikire munthawi yake zinthu zakunja zomwe zitha kubweretsa zadzidzidzi.

Chifukwa chake, kuwala kosinthasintha kumapereka chitonthozo chachikulu komanso chitetezo pakuyendetsa usiku. Kuphatikiza apo, tikupangira kuti tiwone momwe mitundu yamtunduwu imagwirira ntchito:

Škoda Octavia 2020 - uyu ndi amene ali ndi kuwala koyenera kwambiri!

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi ma adaptive headlights ndi chiyani? Awa ndi nyali zakutsogolo zokhala ndi kusintha kwamagetsi komwe kumayendera mayendedwe a nyali yowala. Malingana ndi dongosolo lachitsanzo, izi zimatheka mwa kuyatsa nyali zowonjezera kapena kutembenuza chowonetsera.

Kodi AFS mu nyali zakutsogolo ndi chiyani? Dzina lonse ndi Advanced Frontlighting System. Kumasulira kwa mawu akuti - adaptive front lighting system. Dongosololi limaphatikizidwa mugawo lalikulu lowongolera.

Mumadziwa bwanji nyali zosinthika kapena ayi? Mu nyali zosinthika, pali choyendetsa cha chowunikira kapena ma lens omwe. Ngati palibe mota yokhala ndi makina, ndiye kuti nyali zakutsogolo sizisintha.

Kodi ma adaptive xenon headlights ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi nyali yakumutu, yomwe imayikidwa pamakina omwe ali ndi injini yamagetsi, yomwe imazungulira lens molingana ndi kuzungulira kwa chiwongolero (imagwira ntchito ndi chowongolera chowongolera).