Kugwirizana kwa G11 G12 ndi G13 Antifreezes - ndizotheka kusakaniza

Antifreeze ndi madzimadzi ofunikira omwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuziziritsa ndi kuteteza injini. Izi madzi si amaundana pa otsika kutentha ndipo ali mkulu otentha ndi kuzizira polowera, amene amateteza mkati kuyaka injini ku kutenthedwa ndi kuwonongeka chifukwa voliyumu kusintha pa otentha. Zowonjezera zomwe zimapanga antifreeze zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimateteza mbali za dongosolo lozizira kuti zisawonongeke ndikuchepetsa kuvala kwawo.

Kodi antifreezes mu kapangidwe

Maziko a kuzizira kulikonse ndi glycol base (propylene glycol kapena ethylene glycol), gawo lake lalikulu ndi pafupifupi 90%. 3-5% ya voliyumu yonse yamadzi okhazikika ndi madzi osungunuka, 5-7% - zowonjezera zapadera.

Dziko lililonse lomwe limatulutsa madzi oziziritsa lili ndi gulu lake, koma magulu otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kupewa chisokonezo:

• G11, G12, G13;
• ndi mitundu (yobiriwira, buluu, yachikasu, yofiirira, yofiira).

Magulu G11, G12 ndi G13

Gulu lodziwika bwino la zoziziritsa kuziziritsa linali gulu lopangidwa ndi nkhawa ya VAG.

Kukonzekera kwapangidwe kopangidwa ndi Volkswagen:

G11 - zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zidapangidwa molingana ndi chikhalidwe, koma zachikale pakadali pano, ukadaulo. Kuphatikizika kwa zowonjezera zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri kumaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zosakanikirana zosiyanasiyana (silicates, nitrate, borates, phosphates, nitrites, amines).

Zowonjezera za silicate zimapanga chingwe chapadera chotetezera pamtunda wamkati wa dongosolo lozizira, lofanana ndi makulidwe a sikelo pa ketulo. Kuchuluka kwa wosanjikiza kumachepetsa kutentha kwa kutentha, kuchepetsa kuzizira.

Pachisonkhezero chokhazikika cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, kugwedezeka ndi nthawi, wosanjikiza wowonjezera umawonongeka ndikuyamba kusweka, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka zoziziritsa kukhosi ndikuwononga zina. Pofuna kupewa kuwononga, silicate antifreeze iyenera kusinthidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

G12 - antifreeze, yomwe imaphatikizapo zowonjezera organic (carboxylic acid). Chowonjezera cha zowonjezera za carboxylate ndikuti chosanjikiza choteteza sichimapangidwa pamawonekedwe adongosolo, ndipo zowonjezera zimapanga gawo loteteza kwambiri locheperapo la micron lakuda kokha m'malo owonongeka, kuphatikiza dzimbiri.

Ubwino wake:

• mkulu mlingo wa kutentha kutengerapo;
• kusowa kwa wosanjikiza pamtunda wamkati, womwe umathetsa kutsekeka ndi kuwonongeka kwina kwa zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi mbali za galimoto;
• moyo wautali wautumiki (zaka 3-5), ndipo mpaka zaka 5 mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otere ndikuyeretsa kwathunthu dongosolo musanadzazitse ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira antifreeze.

Kuti athetse vutoli, antifreeze ya G12 + hybrid idapangidwa, yomwe imaphatikiza mikhalidwe yabwino ya osakaniza a silicate ndi carboxylate pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera za organic ndi inorganic.

Mu 2008, kalasi yatsopano idawonekera - 12G ++ (lobrid antifreezes), maziko a organic omwe ali ndi zowonjezera zingapo zosagwirizana.

G13 - zoziziritsira zachilengedwe zomwe zimatengera propylene glycol, zomwe, mosiyana ndi poizoni wa ethylene glycol, sizowopsa kwa anthu komanso chilengedwe. Kusiyana kwake kokha kuchokera ku G12 ++ ndiko kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe, magawo aukadaulo ndi ofanana.

Зеленый

Zozizira zobiriwira zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera. Antifreeze yotereyi ndi ya gulu la G11. Moyo wautumiki wa njira zoziziritsa zotere sizipitilira zaka ziwiri. Ili ndi mtengo wotsika.

Akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto akale, chifukwa cha makulidwe a chitetezo, chomwe chimalepheretsa mapangidwe a microcracks ndi kutayikira, mu machitidwe ozizira ndi ma radiator a aluminiyamu kapena aluminiyamu.

Ofiira

Antifreeze yofiira ndi ya gulu la G12, kuphatikizapo G12 + ndi G12 ++. Ili ndi moyo wautumiki wa zaka zosachepera 3, kutengera kapangidwe kake ndikukonzekera dongosolo musanadzaze. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe omwe ma radiator ndi amkuwa kapena mkuwa.

Синий

Zozizira za buluu zili m'gulu la G11, nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa Antifreeze. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzozizira zamagalimoto akale aku Russia.

Фиолетовый

Antifreeze yofiirira, ngati pinki, ndi ya gulu la G12 ++ kapena G13. Lili ndi zochepa zowonjezera (mineral) zowonjezera. Iwo ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira cha chilengedwe.

Mukathira antifreeze yofiirira ya lobrid mu injini yatsopano, imakhala ndi moyo wopanda malire. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto amakono.

Kodi n'zotheka kusakaniza wobiriwira, wofiira ndi wabuluu antifreeze wina ndi mzake

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wa njira yoziziritsira injini yoyaka mkati umawonetsa kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mutha kusakaniza ma antifreezes amitundu yosiyanasiyana pokhapokha ngati ali m'gulu limodzi. Apo ayi, zochita za mankhwala zikhoza kuchitika, zomwe posachedwa zidzakhudza mkhalidwe wa galimotoyo.

Kodi n'zotheka kusakaniza antifreezes. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi opanga. Imodzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Antifreeze ndiyoletsedwa kusakaniza ndi mitundu ina ya zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mukasakaniza gulu la G11 ndi G12

Kusakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya antifreeze kungayambitse mavuto pakapita nthawi.

Zotsatira zazikulu zakuphatikiza makalasi a silicate ndi carboxylate:

• dzimbiri la mkati pamwamba pa kuzirala dongosolo;
• kutulutsa thovu lamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito;
• kutenthedwa kwa injini;
• kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 5%;
• kutsekereza njira za injini zoyatsira mkati;
• kutsekedwa kwa ma radiator ndi zigawo zina za dongosolo lozizira;
• m'malo pampu;
• kuchepetsa moyo wautumiki wa mafuta a injini;
• zovuta zina.

Pokhapokha pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, mutha kuwonjezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Pochita izi, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• m'pofunika kusakaniza njira yozizira ndi maziko omwewo (ethylene glycol kokha ndi ethylene glycol);
• zosakaniza zopanda silicate ndizoletsedwa kusakaniza ndi zina;
• m'pofunika kupeza antifreeze oyenera galimoto ndi ntchito pokha pamwamba ndi m'malo madzi ntchito mu kuzirala dongosolo.

Ngati kuli kofunikira kuwonjezera pang'ono zoziziritsa kukhosi ndipo palibe woyenera, ndi bwino kuwonjezera madzi osungunuka, omwe angachepetse pang'ono kuzizira ndi chitetezo, koma sichidzachititsa kuti galimoto ikhale yoopsa, monga pa nkhani ya kusakaniza silicate ndi carboxylate mankhwala.

Momwe mungayang'anire kugwirizana kwa antifreeze

Kuti muwone kugwirizana kwa antifreezes, m'pofunika kuphunzira mosamala zolembazo, chifukwa si onse opanga amatsatira mitundu kapena magulu (G11, G12, G13), nthawi zina sangasonyeze.

Table 1. Kugwirizana pamene topping mmwamba.

Topping madzimadzi mtundu	Mtundu wa antifreeze mu dongosolo lozizira
	G11	G12	G12 +	G12 ++	G13
G11	+	Kusakaniza ndikoletsedwa	+	+	+
G12	Kusakaniza ndikoletsedwa	+	+	+	+
G12 +	+	+	+	+	+
G12 ++	+	+	+	+	+
G13	+	+	+	+	+

Kuonjezera zamadzimadzi m'magulu osiyanasiyana kumaloledwa kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa, pambuyo pake m'pofunika kuchita m'malo mwathunthu ndi kuwotcha dongosolo lozizira.

Antifreeze yosankhidwa bwino malinga ndi mtundu wa kuzirala, mawonekedwe a radiator ndi momwe galimoto ilili, kusinthidwa kwake panthawi yake kudzatsimikizira chitetezo cha dongosolo lozizira, kuteteza injini kuti isatenthedwe ndikuthandizira kupewa zinthu zina zambiri zosasangalatsa.