THAAD dongosolo
Ntchito pa THAAD idayamba mu 1987, ikuyang'ana kwambiri panyumba zotentha, zothetsera kuziziritsa, komanso kuthamanga kwadongosolo. Chithunzi MDA
Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) ndi njira yotetezera mizinga yomwe ili mbali ya dongosolo lophatikizika lotchedwa Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS). THAAD ndi foni yam'manja yomwe imatha kutumizidwa kulikonse padziko lapansi kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri ndipo ikangotumizidwa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo motsutsana ndi ziwopsezo zomwe zikubwera.
THAAD ndikuyankha ku chiwopsezo chobwera chifukwa cha kuukira kwa zida zankhondo zowononga kwambiri. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito anti-missile complex ndikuwononga mzinga wa adani chifukwa cha mphamvu ya kinetic yomwe imapezeka poyandikira chandamale (kugunda-kupha). Kuwonongeka kwa zida zankhondo ndi zida zowononga anthu ambiri pamalo okwera kumachepetsa kwambiri kuopsa kwa zolinga zawo zapansi.
Ntchito pa THAAD anti-missile system inayamba mu 1987, madera ofunika kwambiri anali homing infrared warhead ya chandamale, kuthamanga kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndi njira zothetsera kuzizira. Chinthu chomaliza ndichofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha liwiro lalitali la projectile yomwe ikubwera komanso njira yomenyera chandamale - mutu wankhondo uyenera kukhala wolondola kwambiri mpaka mphindi yomaliza yothawirako. Chosiyanitsa chofunikira cha dongosolo la THAAD chinali kuthekera kothana ndi zoponya zoponya mumlengalenga wa Dziko Lapansi ndi kupitirira apo.
Mu 1992, mgwirizano wa miyezi 48 udasainidwa ndi Lockheed pagawo lowonetsera. Asilikali ankhondo aku US poyambilira ankafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitchinjiriza zankhondo zocheperako ndipo izi zikuyembekezeka kukwaniritsidwa mkati mwa zaka 5. Ndiye kuwongolera kumayenera kupangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a midadada. Kuyesera koyambirira komwe kunalephera kunayambitsa kuchedwa kwa pulogalamuyi, ndipo mazikowo sanapangidwe mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zitatu pambuyo pake. Chifukwa cha izi chinali chiwerengero chochepa cha mayesero ndipo, chifukwa chake, zolakwika zambiri za dongosolo zinadziwika panthawi yofufuza zake zenizeni. Kuonjezera apo, panali nthawi yochepa kwambiri yotsalira kuti mufufuze deta pambuyo poyesa kosatheka ndikukonzekera kusintha kwadongosolo. Kufunika kwakukulu koyiyika mu ntchito posachedwapa kunachititsa kuti zida zoyamba zolimbana ndi zoponyera zikhale zosakwanira ndi zipangizo zoyenera zoyezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti athe kusonkhanitsa deta yokwanira yofunikira pa chitukuko choyenera cha dongosolo. Mgwirizanowu udapangidwanso m'njira yoti chiwopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa mtengo chifukwa cha pulogalamu yoyeserera chidagwa makamaka pagulu la anthu chifukwa cha momwe ndalama zonse zidalipiridwa.
Atazindikira mavutowa, ntchito ina inayambika, ndipo atatha kugunda chandamale ndi mivi ya interceptor ya 10 ndi 11, adaganiza zosunthira pulogalamuyi ku gawo lina lachitukuko, lomwe linachitika mu 2000. Mu 2003, kunachitika kuphulika kwa mafakitale opanga m.v. kwa dongosolo la THAAD, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchedwa kwa pulogalamuyi. Komabe, m'chaka chachuma cha 2005 anali bwino pa nthawi komanso pa bajeti. Mu 2004, dzina la pulogalamuyi linasinthidwa kuchoka ku "Defense of High Mountain Zone ya Theatre of Operations" kukhala "Defense of the Terminal High Mountain Zone".
Mu 2006-2012, mayesero angapo opambana a dongosolo lonse adachitidwa, ndipo mikhalidwe yomwe cholingacho sichinawomberedwe kapena kuyesa kusokonezedwa sikunali chifukwa cha zolakwika mu dongosolo la THAAD, kotero pulogalamu yonseyo imadzitamandira 100% yogwira mtima. polimbana ndi zida zoponya. Zochitika zomwe zakhazikitsidwa zikuphatikiza kuwerengera mivi yaufupi komanso yapakatikati, kuphatikiza kuukira komwe kumakhala ndi mivi yambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kuwombera, mayeso ena adachitidwanso mu pulogalamu ya pulogalamuyo popereka dongosololi ndi data yoyenera yomwe imafanizira malingaliro angapo a mayeso operekedwa, ndikuwunika momwe chinthu chonsecho chingathe kuthana nacho pamikhalidwe yapadera. Mwanjira iyi, kuyesa kuthamangitsa kuukira ndi mzinga wa ballistic wokhala ndi zida zingapo, kulunjika kwa munthu payekha.
