Turo Anzanu Kuwunika System TPMS

Kusunga matayala abwino kwambiri kumakhudza kugwira kwa msewu, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, kasamalidwe komanso chitetezo chonse chagalimoto. Madalaivala ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito choyezera kuthamanga kuti ayang'ane kupanikizika, koma kupita patsogolo sikunayime ndipo magalimoto amakono akugwiritsa ntchito TPMS electronic tire pressure monitoring system. Mwachitsanzo, ku Europe ndi USA ndizovomerezeka pamagalimoto onse. Ku Russia, kukhalapo kwa dongosolo la TPMS kwakhala chofunikira pakutsimikizira mitundu yatsopano yamagalimoto kuyambira 2016.

Kodi TPMS system ndi chiyani?

Dongosolo loyang'anira kuthamanga kwa matayala TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitor System) ndi gawo lachitetezo chokhazikika chagalimoto. Monga zina zambiri zatsopano, zidachokera kumakampani ankhondo. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwunika kuthamanga kwa tayala ndikupereka chizindikiro chochenjeza kwa dalaivala ikagwa pansi pamtengo. Zikuwoneka kuti kuthamanga kwa tayala si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pagalimoto, koma sichoncho. Yoyamba ndikuyendetsa chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuthamanga kwa tayala kumbali iliyonse ya ma axles kuli kosiyana, ndiye kuti galimotoyo imakokera mbali imodzi. Pazigawo zoyambira, TPMS idayamba kuwonekera mu 2000. Palinso njira zowunikira zodziyimira zokha zomwe zitha kugulidwa ndikuyika padera.

Mitundu yoyang'anira kuthamanga kwa matayala

Kwenikweni, machitidwe amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: yolunjika (yachindunji) ndi ina (yosalunjika).

Makina oyeserera oyesa

Dongosololi limawonedwa ngati losavuta kwambiri potengera mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndipo likugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ABS. Tsimikizirani utali wa gudumu loyenda ndi mtunda womwe limayenda pakuzungulira kumodzi. Masensa a ABS amayerekezera zowerengera kuchokera pa gudumu lililonse. Ngati pali zosintha, chizindikiro chimatumizidwa ku dashboard yagalimoto. Lingaliro ndiloti utali wozungulira ndi mtunda woyenda ndi tayala lophwanyika udzakhala wosiyana ndi ulamuliro.

Ubwino wa mtundu uwu wa TPMS ndi kusowa kwa zinthu zowonjezera komanso mtengo wokwanira. Komanso muutumiki, mutha kuyika magawo oyambira omwe amapanikizidwa kuti ayesedwe. Zoyipa zake ndizochepa magwiridwe antchito. Sizingatheke kuyeza kupanikizika musanayambe kuyenda, kutentha. Kupatuka kwa deta yeniyeni kungakhale pafupifupi 30%.

Njira yoyezera molunjika

Mtundu uwu wa TPMS ndi wamakono komanso wolondola. Kupanikizika kwa tayala lililonse kumayesedwa ndi kachipangizo kapadera.

Makhalidwe oyenera akuphatikizapo:

• masensa otayirira;
• wolandila chizindikiro kapena mlongoti;
• Malo olamulira.

Zomverera zimatumiza chizindikiro cha kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa tayala. Mlongoti wolandirayo umatumiza chizindikiro ku unit control unit. Olandira amaikidwa muzitsulo zamagudumu a galimoto, gudumu lirilonse liri ndi lake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka TPMS kokhala ndi opanda olandila

Pali machitidwe omwe mulibe olandila ma siginecha, ndipo masensa amagudumu amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi gawo lowongolera. M'makina otere, masensa ayenera "kulembedwa" mu chipika kuti amvetsetse kuti ndi gudumu liti lomwe lili ndi vuto.

Zambiri zamadalaivala zitha kuwonetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. M'matembenuzidwe otsika mtengo, m'malo mowonetsera, chizindikiro chimayatsa, kusonyeza kusagwira ntchito. Monga lamulo, sizimawonetsa kuti vuto ndi gudumu liti. Pankhani yowonetsa deta pazenera, mutha kudziwa zambiri za kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwa gudumu lililonse padera.

Mawonekedwe a TPMS pa dashboard

Masensa opanikizika ndi mitundu yawo

Zomverera ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za dongosolo. Izi ndi zida zovuta. Zimaphatikizapo: antenna yotumizira, batri, kupanikizika ndi kutentha kwa sensor yokha. Chipangizo chowongolera choterechi chimapezeka m'machitidwe apamwamba kwambiri, koma palinso zosavuta.

Wheel pressure sensor (yamkati)

Kutengera chipangizo ndi njira yoyika, masensa amasiyanitsidwa:

• zimango;
• kunja;
• mkati.

Masensa amakina ndi osavuta komanso otsika mtengo. Iwo amawononga m'malo mwa chivindikiro. Kuthamanga kwa matayala kumapangitsa kapuyo kufika pamlingo wina wake. Mtundu wobiriwira wa valavu yakunja umasonyeza kuthamanga kwabwino, chikasu - kupopera kumafunika, kofiira - kutsika. Ma geji awa samawonetsa manambala enieni; nawonso nthawi zambiri amakhala okhotakhota. Sizingatheke kudziwa kukakamizidwa pa iwo pakuyenda. Izi zitha kuchitika poyang'ana.

Sensor yamphamvu yakunja

Masensa akunja amagetsi amalowetsedwanso mu valavu, koma amatumiza chizindikiro chosalekeza ndi ma frequency ena okhudzana ndi kupanikizika kwa chiwonetsero, choyezera kuthamanga kapena foni yamakono. Kuipa kwake ndikuwonongeka kwa mawotchi pakuyenda komanso kupezeka kwa akuba.

Zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamkati zimayikidwa mkati mwa chimbale ndipo zimagwirizana ndi nsonga zamagudumu. Zonse zamagetsi zamagetsi, antenna ndi batri zimabisika mkati mwa chiwongolero. Vavu wamba amapindidwa kuchokera kunja. Choyipa ndizovuta kukhazikitsa. Kuzikhazikitsa, muyenera darn aliyense gudumu. Moyo wa batri wa sensa, mkati ndi kunja, nthawi zambiri umatenga zaka 7-10. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusintha.

Ngati muli ndi masensa a tayala oyikapo, onetsetsani kuti mwauza chosinthira tayala. Nthawi zambiri, amadulidwa posintha mphira.

Zabwino ndi zovuta za System

Ubwino wotsatira ungatchulidwe:

1. Wonjezerani mlingo wa chitetezo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu ndi wofunika wa dongosolo. Mothandizidwa ndi TPMS, dalaivala amatha kuzindikira kusagwira bwino ntchito munthawi yake, motero amapewa kuwonongeka ndi ngozi zomwe zingachitike.

1. Kutetezedwa. Kuyika kachitidweko kudzafuna ndalama zina, koma m'kupita kwanthawi ndizoyenera. Kupanikizika koyenera kumathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta moyenera. Zimawonjezeranso moyo wamatayala.

Kutengera mtundu wa dongosolo, ili ndi zovuta zina:

1. Kuwonekera kwakuba. Ngati masensa amkati sangabedwe, ndiye kuti masensa akunja nthawi zambiri amakhala okhotakhota. Chisamaliro cha nzika zopanda udindo zithanso kukopeka ndi chophimba chowonjezera mu kanyumbako.
2. Zolakwika ndi zolakwika. Magalimoto obwera kuchokera ku Europe ndi US nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa opanda mawilo kuti asunge malo. Mukayika mawilo, pangakhale kofunikira kuwongolera masensa. Zitha kuchitika, koma chidziwitso china chingafunike. Masensa akunja amawonekera ku chilengedwe chakunja ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwawo.
3. Chophimba chowonjezera (ndi kudziyika nokha). Monga lamulo, magalimoto okwera mtengo poyamba amakhala ndi dongosolo lowongolera kuthamanga. Zidziwitso zonse zimawonetsedwa mosavuta pamakompyuta apakompyuta. Machitidwe odzipangira okha ali ndi chophimba chosiyana, chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo mu kanyumba. Kapenanso, yikani gawo la TPMS mu choyatsira ndudu. Ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto ataliatali komanso nthawi iliyonse, mutha kungochotsa.

Kuwonetsera kwakunja kwa dongosolo lowongolera kuthamanga

Zovuta za TPMS zomwe zingachitike

Zifukwa zazikulu zakulephera kugwira ntchito kwa masensa a TPMS zitha kukhala:

• kusagwira ntchito kwa unit control ndi transmitter;
• otsika sensor batire;
• kuwonongeka kwa makina;
• kusintha mwadzidzidzi kwa gudumu kapena matayala opanda masensa.

Komanso, posintha imodzi mwa masensa omwe adamangidwa ndi ina, makinawo amatha kusagwirizana ndikupereka chizindikiro cholakwika. Ku Ulaya, ma frequency a wailesi a masensa ndi 433 MHz, ndipo ku US ndi 315 MHz.

Ngati imodzi mwa masensa sakugwira ntchito, kukonzanso dongosolo kungathandize. Mulingo woyambitsa wa sensa yosagwira ntchito wakhazikitsidwa mpaka zero. Izi sizipezeka pamakina onse.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa TPMS

Dongosolo la TPMS limatha kuwonetsa zolakwika ziwiri pagulu la zida: mawu oti "TPMS" ndi "tayala lokhala ndi mawu okweza". Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi yoyamba, kulephera kumayenderana ndi magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo lokha (gawo lowongolera, masensa), ndipo chachiwiri ndi kuthamanga kwa tayala (osakwanira).

M'makina apamwamba, wolamulira aliyense ali ndi chizindikiritso chake chapadera. Monga lamulo, amabwera mumakonzedwe a fakitale. Pamene calibrating iwo, m`pofunika kutsatira zinayendera, mwachitsanzo, kutsogolo kumanzere ndi kumanja, ndiye kumbuyo kumanja ndi kumanzere. Zingakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa masensa amenewa nokha ndipo ndi bwino kutembenukira kwa akatswiri.