Magalimoto achilendo kwambiri padziko lapansi

Makampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi sikuti amangokhala ma VAZ, Gofu, Focus, ndi zina. Makampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ndi gawo laling'ono la magalimoto enieni komanso oyambira omwe sapezeka kawirikawiri. Koma, ngati mutha kuwona woyimilira kamodzi kamodzi, motsimikiza mphindi ino idzabweretsa kumwetulira kapena kudabwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kudzakhalabe m'chikumbukiro chanu kwa zaka zambiri. Lero tikukupatsani mwayi kuti musadikire mphindi yosangalatsayi, ndikuyang'ana magalimoto odutsa. Lero tikukupatsani mwayi wodziwana ndi oimira owala kwambiri a banja la magalimoto osowa komanso achilendo, osankhidwa mosamala padziko lonse lapansi.

Tinayesa kupeza oimira okondweretsa kwambiri ndikuwagawa m'magulu asanu, momwe tinapanga zochepa. Mwina malingaliro athu samagwirizana ndi anu, koma chinthu chimodzi ndi chotsimikizika: magalimoto onse omwe ali pansipa akuyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala nawo pamlingo wathu ndipo tsiku lina adzatenga kapena atenga kale malo awo aulemu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo tiyeni tiyambe, mwina kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri, kuchokera ku mapangidwe, chifukwa magalimoto amapezanso zovala.

Zojambulajambula

Kusankhidwa kwa osankhidwa a gulu la "design" kunali kovuta kwambiri, monga magalimoto ambiri okondweretsa omwe ali ndi maonekedwe oyambirira ndi achilendo amapangidwa ndikupitiriza kupangidwa. Koma, mosasamala kanthu za kukangana koopsa, tinazindikira magalimoto asanu omwe ankawoneka kuti ndi achilendo kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo amatsutsana. Tiyeni tiyambe.

Malo achisanu adatengedwa ndi galimoto yamasewera yaku Japan Mitsuoka Orochi, yomwe idapangidwa pang'ono pakati pa kumapeto kwa 2006 ndi 2014, pomwe mtundu wosinthidwa komanso womaliza wa Orochi Final Edition idayambitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi, idatulutsidwa m'makope asanu okha. nthawi, pamtengo pafupifupi 125000 madola US. Kunja kwa Japan, Orochi ndi pafupifupi zosatheka kupeza, monga zachilendo kwambiri masewera galimoto umalimbana ndi anthu am'deralo, amene anayamikira "chinjoka" kamangidwe ka galimoto, amatsanzira cholengedwa chongopeka eyiti mutu Yamata No. Orochi.

Malo achinayi amapita ku galimoto ina yamasewera: Ferrari FF. Mudzafunsa chifukwa chiyani? Osachepera chifukwa kuyang'ana pa galimoto iyi simungakhulupirire nthawi yomweyo kuti iyi ndi Ferrari. Koma ndithudi, iyi ndi galimoto yoyamba yoyendetsa magudumu m'mbiri ya wopanga Italy, ndipo ngakhale kumbuyo kwa hatchback ya zitseko zitatu, yopangidwira anthu anayi. Adatulutsidwa mu 2011, Ferrari FF ikuwoneka ngati "bakha wonyansa" poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya Ferrari yomwe imadziwika bwino ndi maso.

Pankhani ya mapangidwe, tinapereka mzere wachitatu mu kusanja kwa magalimoto oyambirira kwa Indian "mwana" Tata Nano. Galimoto iyi, yomwe imapanga zomwe opanga adasunga zonse, adalandira thupi laling'ono kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe otopetsa komanso opusa, omwe amatha kukopa chidwi cha woyendetsa aliyense. Komabe, Tata Nano ilinso ndi mwayi wabwino chifukwa imawononga pafupifupi $2500 ndipo ndi galimoto yotsika mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kumbali ina, Tata Nano ndi galimoto yosatetezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi, yomwe inalephera mwamtheradi mayesero onse a ngozi.

Malo achiwiri amatengedwa ndi American Chevrolet SSR. Galimoto yosinthira iyi idatenga zaka zitatu zokha pamsika (2003 - 2006) ndipo sinathe kukopa mitima ya anthu aku America, omwe amakonda voliyumu komanso kulimba. Maonekedwe osadziwika bwino a galimotoyo, oyenera kwambiri pa chithunzi chojambula kusiyana ndi galimoto yopanga galimoto, akhoza kungomwetulira, koma kukumbukira zakale, chifukwa zotetezera zazikulu ndi nyali zazing'ono zozungulira zinali zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa zaka zapitazo. Komabe, izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa Chevrolet SSR kukhala yapadera komanso yosangalatsa; mwina sakanafika pamndandanda wathu.

Chabwino, pamwamba pa Olympus ya mapangidwe odabwitsa a magalimoto ndi mbadwo woyamba wa Italy FIAT Multipla compact MPV, wopangidwa kuchokera ku 1999 mpaka 2004. Sizikudziwika bwino zomwe ojambula a ku Italy omwe adajambula FIAT Multipla anali kuganiza ndi zomwe adajambula. kuchokera. Kunja kwa galimotoyi kumakhala ndi maonekedwe opusa a "nthano ziwiri", zomwe zinawoneka, mwachiwonekere, poyesa kosatheka kuwoloka pamwamba pa thupi la minivan ndi chidutswa cha thupi kuchokera ku hatchback yachikale. Mwachibadwa, galimoto sanapeze kutchuka lonse, ndipo mu 2004, monga mbali ya pomwe, analandira mapeto bwino kwambiri kutsogolo.

Zilombo zamagalimoto atatu

"Ndizosowa kwambiri" kuwona mawilo atatu m'misewu lero. Ambiri aiwo akuimiridwa ndi makumi okha, opitilira mazana a makope, ndipo ena amangokakamira pa siteji ya magalimoto amalingaliro, osalowa mndandanda. Chiwerengero chathu chimaphatikizapo zitsanzo 4, imodzi mwa mbiri yakale, ndipo zitatu ndi zamakono, zomwe zimapezeka m'misewu ya mayiko angapo nthawi imodzi.

Mndandanda wa "mabasiketi atatu" osangalatsa udzatsegulidwa ndi galimoto yachilendo Bond Bug 700E, yopangidwa mu 1971-1974 ku UK. Zachilendo Bond Bug 700E zinali zosiyana osati pamaso pa mawilo atatu okha ndi maonekedwe achilendo. Chimodzi mwa "chips" cha galimoto iyi ndi tsamba lachitseko, kapena m'malo mwake kumtunda kwa thupi, lomwe limatsegula ndikukhala ngati chitseko. Bond Bug 700E inali galimoto yokhala ndi mipando iwiri yomwe idayikidwa ngati (!) Galimoto yamasewera, kukopa chidwi cha anthu a Chingerezi. Monga lamulo, magalimoto a Bond Bug 700E anali opaka utoto wonyezimira wa tangerine, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ziwonekere. Ndizodabwitsa kuti ku England kuli makalabu a Bond Bug 700E omwe amakonza misonkhano yapachaka komanso mpikisano wothamanga.

Malo achitatu mu kusanja kwa tricycle zachilendo ali ndi galimoto yamagetsi ya ZAP Xebra, yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 2006 ndipo imakhala pamsika mpaka 2009. Galimoto yoseketsa komanso yovutayi idakwanitsa kupatsa ogula masitayelo awiri: hatchback yakumaloko ya 4-cylinder ndi ngolo yokhala ndi anthu awiri. ZAP Xebra idapangidwa makamaka ku China, koma idakwanitsa kugulitsa makope masauzande angapo ku United States, komwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ku positi komanso potsatsa malonda ndi makampani akuluakulu monga Coca-Cola.

Tinaganiza zopereka malo achiwiri ku chitukuko chosangalatsa kwambiri chotchedwa Carver. Tsoka ilo, ntchitoyi sinakhalitse. Kuyambira mu 2007, kale mu 2009, Carver adachoka pamalopo chifukwa cha bankirapuse ya wopanga, yemwe adalephera kuchita kampeni yokwanira yotsatsa kuti alimbikitse ana ake. The Carver anali wokhala ndi mpando umodzi wokhala ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri: thupi linatsamira pakona, lomwe linapereka kukhazikika bwino, komanso linapanga zotsatira za kukwera njinga yamasewera.

Mzere wapamwamba wa "mawilo atatu" osazolowereka umakhala ndi woimira wopambana kwambiri wa kalasi iyi - Campagna T-Rex, yomwe yakhala ikugulitsidwa kuyambira 1996 ndipo yakhala ikusintha kangapo panthawiyi. Amadziwika m'mayiko angapo ngati njinga yamoto, njinga yamoto ya ku Canada imakhala ngati galimoto yamasewera ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa, komanso kapangidwe ka chassis chakumbuyo. Campagna T-Rex osati kugulitsidwa bwino m'mayiko ambiri, komanso anatha kugunda zowonetsera mafilimu a kanema, nyenyezi mu mafilimu angapo.

Amphibious magalimoto.

Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa magalimoto opangidwa mochuluka kwambiri chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, opanga ena ayesa kufalitsa magalimoto oyenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pokhulupirira kuti magalimoto osunthika otere ayenera kugwira. Tsoka ilo, kapena ayi, koma okonda magalimoto ambiri sanafune amphibians, kotero kupanga kwawo pomaliza kunatsikira kukupanga kwapang'ono kapena msonkhano kuti ukonze. Ngakhale izi, zitsanzo zingapo zinatha kusiya chizindikiro chowala kwambiri m'mbiri ya makampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse.

Sitipanga mlingo m'gulu ili, chifukwa tidzangolankhula za magalimoto atatu, omwe ali apadera komanso osangalatsa mwa njira yake. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi German Amphicar, yomwe mu 1961 inakhala galimoto yoyamba yopangidwa ndi amphibious m'mbiri ya dziko. Pang'ono oseketsa mu maonekedwe, "Amficar" akadali kufunika kwambiri m'mayiko ambiri, koma kupambana kwake kunali kwakanthawi. Tsoka ilo, Amfikar adayenda pang'onopang'ono, kotero kusuntha pamadzi sikunabweretse chisangalalo choyenera, ndipo m'misewu wamba kunali kotsika kwambiri komanso kutsika kwabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena amsewu.

Galimoto ya amphibious Aquada, yomwe idapangidwa ku 2003 ku UK, ikuwoneka yolimba kwambiri. Galimoto yapachiyambiyi ili ndi pansi pa ngalawa, komanso kunja kokongola ndi mizere yowongoka. Koma ichi si chinthu chachikulu, Aquada pa bolodi zamagetsi basi kudziwa kuya kwa madzi ndipo pamene mlingo wofunidwa kufika, amabisa mawilo mu arches gudumu, kutembenuza galimoto mu bwato mu masekondi 6 okha. Komanso Dziwani kuti "Aquada" - makina kwambiri zosunthika: pamtunda akhoza Imathandizira 160 Km / h, ndi pamadzi - mpaka wamakhalidwe 50 Km / h.

Woimira wina wachidwi wa kalasi iyi yamagalimoto adapangidwa ku Switzerland mu 2004. Tikukamba za amphibian Rinspeed Splash, yomwe imayandama pamwamba pa madzi chifukwa cha hydroplaning. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha ma hydrofoil apadera komanso chowongolera chakumbuyo chomwe chimatha kubweza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, okonzawo adakwaniritsa zomwe sizingatheke: polemba mapiko a hydrofoil m'mapiko a galimoto, ndi wowononga kumbuyo, adatembenuza madigiri 180, nayenso adagwira ntchito ya mapiko odziwika bwino poyendetsa pamtunda. Chotsatira chake, masewera a amphibian amatha kufika pamtunda wa 200 km / h pamtunda wothamanga mpaka 80 km / h pamene akuyendayenda pamwamba pa madzi. Chilichonse chomwe munganene, Rinspeed Splash ndiye galimoto yabwino kwa James Bond kapena ngwazi ina iliyonse.

Magalimoto

Polankhula za magalimoto, tinkakonda kuganiza za KAMAZ, MAN, kapena GAZelle, koma magalimoto amatha kukhala ang'onoang'ono komanso achilendo kuposa momwe mukuganizira. Zimakhala zomveka kunena kuti magalimotowa ndi ma microtrucks, kapena "magalimoto". Tidzakudziwitsani kwa oimira atatu a kalasiyi, omwe samatha kudabwitsa ena okha, komanso kunyamula, ngati sizinthu zambiri, koma katundu.

Choncho, malo achitatu mu kusanja magalimoto zachilendo - Daihatsu Midget II, anamasulidwa mu 1996. Ndi kamangidwe ka "chidole" komanso hood yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "chipembere", galimoto yaying'ono iyi ndi kutalika kwa 2,8 metres koma imatha kupereka njira ziwiri za cab (imodzi kapena iwiri) komanso ma cab awiri kapena zonyamula. Galimoto yaying'ono yobweretsera idapangidwira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndipo idagulitsidwa mwachangu ku Japan, koma idalephera kutengera kupambana kwa omwe adatsogolera, omwe adapangidwa pakati pa 1957 ndi 1972.

France ilinso ndi ma microtrucks. Tikukamba za Aixam-Mega MultiTruck, yomwe imaperekanso zosankha zingapo za thupi, kuphatikizapo tipper. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Mfalansa ali ndi zamakono kwambiri, ngakhale akadali zoseketsa, komanso njira ziwiri zopangira magetsi - dizilo kapena injini yamagetsi. Ngakhale ndizotsika mtengo zogwirira ntchito komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito misewu yopapatiza ya Paris, Aixam-Mega MultiTruck sinapezeke kutchuka kwambiri. Mwina mtengo, womwe umayamba pafupifupi ma euro 15, ndiye wolakwa.

Tidaganiza zoyimbira Indian Tata Ace Zip mtsogoleri pamndandanda wamagalimoto achilendo. Mutha kuseka, koma galimoto yowoneka ngati yakuda ili ndi injini ya dizilo yobwereranso mpaka 11 hp, zomwe sizimalepheretsa kunyamula katundu wolemera makilogalamu 600 ndi dalaivala wokhala ndi wokwera. Monga mitundu yonse ya Tata, galimoto ya Ace Zip ndiyotsika mtengo kwambiri. Kugula galimoto yatsopano kumawononga amalonda aku India $4500-$5000 okha. Komabe, awa si malire a kukhazikitsidwa kwa "nanotechnology" mumakampani opanga magalimoto aku India. Posachedwa Tata akulonjeza kumasula kusinthidwa kowonjezereka kwa Ace Zip ndi injini ya 9-horsepower.

Ngwazi zakale

Pomaliza ulendo wathu, ndikufuna kuyang'ana m'mbuyo, komwe kunalinso magalimoto ambiri osangalatsa, oseketsa kapena oyamba mwanjira yawoyawo. Apanso tidzachita popanda kuwerengera, koma ndikudziwitsani zamitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri yomwe yakwanitsa kusiya chizindikiro chawo chofunikira pambiri yamakampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi.

Ndiye tiyeni tiyambe ndi chombo cham'mlengalenga cha Stout Scarab. Minivan iyi yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka anthawi yake idabadwa kale mu 1932 ndipo idapangidwa kuti izingoyitanitsa. The Stout Scarab sanapeze kutchuka kwakukulu chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba wa galimotoyo, yomwe inayamba pa $ 5000, yomwe inali yochuluka kwambiri ndi miyezo ya nthawiyo. Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo mbiri yakale, makope 9 okha a Stout Scarab adasonkhanitsidwa kuti agulitse, magalimoto ena angapo analipo ngati zitsanzo zachiwonetsero, kuphatikizapo galimoto yoyamba m'mbiri yamakampani opanga magalimoto okhala ndi fiberglass thupi.

Ngwazi ina yakale ndi Mazda R360. Phunzirani za galimoto yonyamula anthu yopangidwa mochuluka kuchokera kwa wopanga ma automaker wotchuka waku Japan. Idapangidwa pakati pa 1960 ndi 1966 ndipo panthawiyi idagulitsa makope opitilira 60, nthawi imodzi kukhala galimoto yoyamba yotumiza kunja ndi Mazda nameplate. Galimoto yaying'ono inakhala ndi anthu 000 ndipo inali ndi injini ya 4-horsepower, yomwe inalola kuti ipite patsogolo mpaka 16 km / h. R80 inali yopambana kwambiri kotero kuti Mazda inatha kuwongolera chuma chake ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito pa magalimoto amakono.

Tiyeni kumaliza ndi mpulumutsi wina amene anabweretsa wotchuka Bavarian kampani BMW kuiwalika. Nkhondo itatha, makampani a magalimoto aku Germany anali okhumudwa kwambiri, ndipo mtundu wa BMW unali ndi mwayi wopita m'mbiri, ngati sichoncho kwa BMW Isetta 300 yodzichepetsa, yokhala ndi injini ya 13-horsepower ndi chipinda chokwera ma silinda awiri. . Ngakhale kuti oimira ena onse a German akuluakulu atatu anali kuyesera kumenyana mu gawo la magalimoto okwera mtengo kwambiri, a Bavaria anasefukira pamsika ndi chitsanzo chotsika mtengo chokhala ndi ndondomeko yosavuta, yachilendo kutsogolo kwa khomo limodzi ndi makhalidwe odzichepetsa a luso. Ponseponse, pakukhazikitsa (1956 - 1962), BMW Isetta 160 yopitilira 000 idagubuduza pamzere wa msonkhano, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti a Bavaria asinthe kwambiri ndalama zawo.